Mazirawo ataswa, mukungoyamba kumene ulendo wanu woweta nsomba ndikukweza mwachangu. Kupatula apo, kukulira mwachangu nthawi zambiri kumakhala ntchito yovuta kwambiri kuposa kupangitsa kuti okwatirana abereke, ndipo kutenga caviar akadali theka lankhondo.
Kumbali imodzi, ma cichlids ambiri komanso ma viviparous, amabala mwachangu zazikulu kuti angoyamba kudya chakudya chopangira, koma nsomba zambiri zam'madzi, mwachitsanzo, pearl gourami, lalius, makadinala, ma markropods amabala mwachangu kakang'ono kwambiri, komwe kumayenera kudyetsedwa ndi chakudya chochepa chimodzimodzi.
Mwachangu awo ndi ochepa kwambiri kotero kuti iwonso atha kukhala chakudya cha guppy kapena cichlid mwachangu.
Ndipo achichepere amatha kudya chakudya chomwe chikuyenda ndipo mudzakhala ndi nthawi yochepa yozolowera kudya zakudya zina asadayambe kufa ndi njala.
Chotsatira, tiwona zakudya zosiyanasiyana zam'madzi zomwe amagwiritsira ntchito kudyetsa mwachangu. Zonsezi ndizopatsa thanzi zokha, koma ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zingapo kuti mupange chakudya chathunthu.
Kutsiriza chakudya
Yophika dzira yolk
Ndi chakudya chosavuta komanso chotchipa chodyetsa mwachangu. Chifukwa cha zabwino zake, sizimapanga fungo losasangalatsa, zomwe ndizomwe zimadyetsa uchimo ndipo zimapezeka mosavuta.
Kukonzekera chakudya, wiritsani kwambiri dzira la nkhuku, chotsani zoyera, zomwe mukusowa ndi yolk. Tengani magalamu angapo a yolk ndikuyika mu chidebe kapena kapu yamadzi. Kenako yesani bwino kapena yesani, chifukwa chake mumalandira kuyimitsidwa komwe mutha kudyetsa mwachangu.
Ngati ndi kotheka, chitani cheesecloth kuti muzisefa yolk. Kenako mutha kuyimitsa mwachangu, nthawi zambiri imakhala nthawi yayitali mgulu lamadzi ndikuidya ndi chilakolako.
Mutha kudyetsa mwachangu ndi yolk imodzi kwa mwezi wathunthu, zachidziwikire sizisungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo musaiwale kuphika yatsopano nthawi ndi nthawi. Osawonjezera chisakanizo chochuluka pa aquarium panthawi, imawola mwachangu ndipo imatha kubweretsa kufa kwa mwachangu.
Dyetsani dzira yolk pang'ono, madontho angapo kangapo patsiku.
Vuto linanso ndiloti yolk, ngakhale itasefedwa, itha kukhala yayikulu kwambiri kuti isazidwe mwachangu, siyingakumbidwe ndipo iyamba kuzimiririka pansi.
Zigawo zazing'ono kwambiri zimapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito chosakanizira kapena chosakanizira.
Youma dzira yolk
Palibe kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa owiritsa ndi owuma. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri podyetsa mwachangu, koma ndizosavuta kupanga nokha.
Ndikwanira kuwira dzira, ndikuuma ndikuphwanya yolk. Itha kuwonjezeredwa poyithira pamwamba pamadzi kapena posakanikirana ndi madzi ndikutsanulira mu aquarium.
Imayandama pamwamba pamadzi, ndipo yolk yosakanikirana ndi madzi imapachikika kwakanthawi m'mbali yamadzi. Gwiritsani ntchito njira ziwirizi kuti mupatse thanzi mwachangu.
Ndibwino kudyetsa nsomba zazing'ono ndi dzira louma, chifukwa ndi laling'ono kwambiri kuposa tinthu tating'onoting'ono kwambiri. Kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono ndikocheperako kwamadzimadzi, zomwe ndizofunikira ngati mwachangu ndi kochepa.
Chakudya chopangira madzi
Chakudyachi chasungunuka kale ndi madzi. Nthawi zina tinthu tating'onoting'ono timakhala tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono, koma opanga amakhala akusintha bwino mavutowa.
Mibadwo yatsopano yazakudya ndiyabwino kale pamitundu yonse ya mwachangu, kuphatikiza apo, kuphatikiza kwawo ndikuti amangokhala pamadzi nthawi yayitali ndipo mwachangu amakhala ndi nthawi yodzikongoletsa.
Mafinya owuma
Amapezeka kwambiri, koma ngakhale atha kudyetsedwa mwachangu monga ma guppies, siabwino kwa ena ambiri.
Kukula kwa tinthu nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofanana ndi mwachangu.
Chakudya chamoyo cha nsomba
Nematode
Chakudya chabwino kwambiri cha mwachangu chilichonse. Zimakhala zosavuta kusamalira komanso zochepa kwambiri (0.04 mm mpaka 2 mm kutalika ndi 0.10 mm mulifupi). Mosiyana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chikhalidwe cha nematode sichitha kudyetsedwa kwa milungu ingapo ndipo sichidzafa.
Nematoda ndi nyongolotsi yanthaka - Turbatrix aceti, imathanso kukhala mumchenga. Popeza ma nematode ndi chakudya chamoyo, chimakhala choyenera makamaka ngati mwachangu amakana zakudya zopangira. M'madzi a m'nyanja ya aquarium, ma nematode amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka tsiku limodzi, chifukwa chake sawopseza madzi mwachangu ndipo amatha kudyedwa ndi mwachangu nsomba za m'madzi pasanathe maola 24.
Ma Nematode amakhala m'malo amchere kwambiri, amadya mabakiteriya. Kuti muwakonzere sing'anga ya michere, tengani vinyo wosasa wa apulo mmodzi ndi madzi otchezedwa. Viniga ayenera kukhala wokhazikika, osakhala ndi zowonjezera.
Mwachitsanzo, timatenga theka la lita imodzi ya viniga ndi theka la lita la madzi osungunuka, sakanizani ndikuwonjezera supuni zingapo za shuga kapena magawo angapo a apulo wosadulidwa.
Apulo amafunika kuti pakhale malo oti mabakiteriya aswane. Pambuyo pa sabata limodzi kapena awiri, yankho likhala mitambo kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mabakiteriya achulukitsa mwachangu ndipo ndi nthawi yoti awonjezere ma nematode kwa iwo.
Chikhalidwe cha nematode chitha kugulidwa pa intaneti, pa mbalame kapena pakati pa akatswiri odziwa zamadzi.
Onjezerani viniga wosakanizika ndi yankho ndikukhazikitsa mtsukowo mumdima. M'masabata angapo, chikhalidwecho chidzakhala chokonzeka.
Chovuta kwambiri ndikusefa ma nematode, chifukwa amakhala m'malo okhala ndi acidic yambiri ndikuwawonjezera ndi viniga amatha kupha mwachangu. Mutha kutsanulira viniga mu botolo ndi khosi lopapatiza, ndikusindikiza ndi ubweya wa thonje pamwamba ndikutsanulira madzi abwino.
Ma nematode amayenda kudzera mu ubweya wa thonje m'madzi abwino ndipo atha kugwidwa ndi bomba.
Njira ina yoswana ya nematode ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.
Monga chopangira michere, oatmeal kapena oatmeal, chomwe chimayenera kufululidwa kuti chikhale wowawasa wowawasa zonona. Oatmeal ikatha, muyenera kuwonjezera vinyo wosasa wa supuni pa supuni imodzi pa magalamu 100 a sing'anga.
Chotsatira, misa yokhala ndi masentimita 1-1.5 masentimita imayikidwa mumsuzi kapena chidebe china ndipo chikhalidwe cha nematode chimayikidwa pamwamba. Chidebechi chiyenera kuphimbidwa kuti pakhale chinyezi ndipo chisaume.
Kwenikweni masiku awiri kapena atatu, ma nematode adzakwera kale pamakoma ndipo amatha kusonkhanitsidwa ndi burashi.
Kuchokera pamitundu yobereketsa nematode motere - chikhalidwe chiyenera kuyima pamalo otentha. Chosanjacho sichiyenera kukhala chokwera kwambiri, osapitirira masentimita 1.5. Ngati nkhungu ikuwonekera, ndiye kuti sing'alirowo anali wamadzi kwambiri kapena vinyo wosasa wawonjezeredwa.
Zachidziwikire, muyenera kudyetsa ma nematode powonjezera phala watsopano nthawi ndi nthawi. Liti? Izi zidzawoneka kale pochita izi. Ngati zokololazo zachepa, ngati sing'angayo wadetsedwa kapena madzi awonekera, ngati fungo lowola limawonekera.
Muthanso kudyetsa ndi madontho ochepa a kefir kapena madzi a karoti, ngakhale madontho angapo a yogurt wamoyo.
Koma ndizosavuta kukhala ndi zotengera zingapo zokhala ndi ma nematode omwe alipo ndipo ngati china chikuchitika, ingosinthani china.
Nematoda ndi chakudya chabwino kwambiri - chaching'ono, chamoyo komanso chopatsa thanzi. Amatha kudyetsa mwachangu zamitundu yosiyana, popeza nematode palokha ndiyosiyana.
Zooplankton - infusoria
Ciliates si tizilombo tokha, ali osakaniza tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ndi 0t.02 mm kapena kuposa.
Pobzala chikhalidwe chanu cha nsapato, ikani udzu, sipinachi, kapena nthochi youma kapena masamba a vwende mu botolo lamadzi ndikuyika pamalo owala.
Vuto ndiloti simungathe kuwongolera tizilombo tating'onoting'ono pachikhalidwe chotere, ndipo ena atha kukhala owopsa mwachangu. Kuti mudziteteze, choyamba tulutsani udzu, sipinachi kapena tsamba la nthochi ndikuwonjezera chikhalidwe kuchokera kwa akatswiri odziwa zamadzi m'madzi, ndi nsapato zokhazokha zomwe zimakhalamo.
Madzi amafunika kupatsidwa mpweya kuti muchepetse kununkhira, ndipo kuponyera pansi pazotsalira kumakulitsa moyo wachikhalidwe kwamasiku angapo.
Chifukwa chake, lembani botolo la madzi ndi madzi ndi matope - tsamba la nthochi louma, dzungu, udzu, ndikuyiyika pamalo opanda dzuwa. Onjezerani chikhalidwe chamadzi m'madzi, makamaka kuchokera kwa amadzi odziwika bwino.
Ngati sichoncho, ndiye kuti mutha kusonkhanitsanso kuchokera pachithaphwi, kapena posungira, ngakhale kuli chiopsezo chobweretsa china. Dikirani masiku angapo kuti ciliate ichuluke.
Kugwira kumatha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri - kusefa papepala ndikuchiviika m'madzi, kapena mwa kupanga mdima mtsukowo, ndikusiya malo amodzi owala pomwe ma kiliyasi asonkhana. Ndiye ingowasonkhanitsani ndi udzu.
Ciliates sakhazikika ngati ma nematode, chifukwa chake muyenera kuyambitsa kachitini chatsopano milungu ingapo. Koma nthawi yomweyo amakhala ochepa kwambiri ndipo mitundu yonse ya mwachangu imatha kuidya.
Madzi obiriwira - phytoplankton
Cilies akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: zooplankton (tinayankhula pamwambapa) ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Phytoplankton ndi ndere zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala zazikulu kuyambira 0.02 mpaka 2 mm kutalika.
Ma Aquarists amagwiritsa ntchito madzi obiriwira ngati chakudya, koma kwenikweni ndi phytoplankton.
Madzi obiriwira ndiosavuta kupeza komanso osavuta kupeza. Ingotengani madzi kuchokera ku aquarium, muwatsanulire mumtsuko ndikuyiyika padzuwa.
Dzuwa lidzasintha madzi kukhala obiriwira m'masiku angapo. Izi zikachitika, onjezerani madzi ena mu thanki mwachangu. Ndipo m'malo mwake onjezerani madzi kuchokera ku aquarium.
Izi ndizofanana kwambiri ndi ma ciliates oswana, osavuta. Madzi aliwonse ochokera m'nyanja yamchere amakhala ndi zoo ndi phytoplankton, koma powonjezera kuchuluka kwa kuwala kumathandizira kukula kwa phytoplankton.
Vuto lina ndi nyengo yathu, m'nyengo yozizira kapena yophukira sipadzakhala kuwala kokwanira kwa dzuwa, koma mutha kungoyiyika pansi pa nyali, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti madzi sawotcha.
Madzi obiriwira ndiosavuta, okwera mtengo, ochepa kwambiri, mwachangu amadya bwino kuyambira masiku oyamba a moyo wawo. Chofunikira kwambiri, sichimafa mu aquarium ndipo chimakhala ngati chakudya cha mwachangu kwa masiku angapo. Kuti muchite bwino kwambiri, muyenera kusunga zitini zingapo nthawi imodzi, kuti plankton ifere mwadzidzidzi m'modzi.
Ngati muli ndi maikulosikopu, ndiye kuti mutha kukulira chikhalidwe chomwe mukufuna, koma kwa ine izi ndizapamwamba kwambiri.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
Microworm (Panagrellus redivivus) ndi nematode yaying'ono (0.05-2.0 mm m'litali ndi 0.05 mm m'lifupi) yomwe imawoneka yocheperako mwachangu. Koma ali ndi mkhalidwe umodzi womwe umawasiyanitsa, ndiopatsa thanzi kwambiri.
Kuti mupange chikhalidwe cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, sakanizani chimanga ndi madzi mpaka kirimu wowawasa wowonjezera ndikuwonjezera kotala supuni ya yisiti.
Ikani mu botolo liddered ndi mabowo otulutsa mpweya, osapitilira 1.5 cm wokulirapo ndikuwonjezera chikhalidwe cha microworm.
Njira yosavuta yowapezera ndi mbalame kapena kwa akatswiri odziwa zamadzi. Koma ngati kulibe, ndiye kuti mutha kupeza mulu wonyowa wa masamba omwe agwa paki yapafupi, muwatenge ndikubwera nawo kunyumba. Mmenemo mupezamo nyongolotsi zoyera kwambiri, zomwe muyenera kuwonjezera pachidebecho ndi zosakaniza zamagulu.
Pakatha masiku angapo, mudzawona tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayenda m'makoma ndipo tikhoza kutolera ndi zala kapena burashi.
Malek amawadyera mwadyera, koma monga ma nematode, ma microworms samakhala m'madzi nthawi yayitali, ndipo ndikofunikira kuti tisadye mopitirira muyeso. Mukazichotsa pamakoma, zina mwa izo zimatha kulowa m'madzi, koma osadandaula, zimadyidwanso ndi mwachangu.
Monga lamulo, ndizokwanira kwa milungu iwiri, pambuyo pake kuyambitsa kuyenera kubwerezedwa. Hercules imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chophatikiza cha michere, koma kununkhira komwe kumakhalako kumakhala kosasangalatsa ndipo mtundu wa oats wathu wokutidwa umasiya kusiya.
Komabe, pali maphikidwe ambiri pachikhalidwe chophika, muli ndi ufulu wosankha nokha.
Artemia nauplii
Zakudya zosungunuka kumene zam'madzi (0.08 mpaka 0.12 mm) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'madzi ophera nsomba zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Amagwira ntchito m'madzi abwino ndipo amatha kukhala ndi moyo nthawi yayitali.
Kodi ndingawapeze kuti? Tsopano ndikosavuta kugula mazira a brine shrimp, onse pa mbalame komanso kwa abwenzi komanso paukonde. Zomwe mukusowa ndi mazira osasamba a brine shrimp. Pali malingaliro ambiri pamomwe mungapezere brine shrimp nauplii.
Njira yosavuta ndikutsanulira ma supuni awiri amchere, supuni zingapo za nauplii mumtsuko wa lita imodzi ndikuyatsa aeration. Kumbukirani kuti iyenera kukhala nthawi yayitali ndipo thovu lisakhale lokulirapo, chifukwa azikweza nsomba zam'madzi zomwe zimangomangidwa kumene pamadzi, pomwe zimafera pomwepo.
Chofunikira ndikutentha kwamadzi, makamaka pafupifupi 30 C, popeza kutentha kotentha kumeneku kumatuluka tsiku limodzi komanso nthawi yomweyo, komanso kutentha pang'ono, kutulutsa kumatambasulidwa.
Pakadutsa tsiku limodzi, ma nauplii awiri amaswa ndipo amatha kuchotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito siphon ndikuwonjezeredwa ku aquarium mwachangu. Zimitsani aeration ndipo nauplii adzasonkhanitsa pansi pa mtsuko, ndipo mazirawo adzayandama pamwamba, ayenera kuchotsedwa.
Madzi amchere pang'ono mumchere wa aquarium sayenera kukhala vuto, koma mutha kuyika nauplii m'madzi apakatikati kapena kuwatsuka. Malek amawadya mosangalala ndipo amakula bwino.
Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza njira zosavuta koma zothandiza zomwe mungakwerere mwachangu nsomba zambiri. Zimakhala zovuta nthawi zonse, koma kuleza mtima ndikudzipereka nthawi zonse kumafupa. Tikukhulupirira tikuthandizani ndi izi!
