Kummwera kwa kumpoto, komwe kumakhala nyengo yovuta, pali malo achilengedwe achilengedwe. Ili pakati pa chipululu cha Arctic ndi taiga yaku Eurasia ndi North America. Nthaka pano ndi yopyapyala kwambiri ndipo imatha kutha msanga, ndipo mavuto ambiri azachilengedwe amadalira. Komanso, nthaka pano nthawi zonse imakhala yozizira, choncho zomera zambiri sizimera, ndipo ndere, mosses, zitsamba zosowa ndi mitengo yaying'ono zimangokhala ndi moyo. Palibe mvula yambiri pano, pafupifupi 300 millimeters pachaka, koma kuchuluka kwa madzi kumakhala kotsika, motero madambo amapezeka mumtsinje.
Kuwononga mafuta
M'madera osiyanasiyana a tundra, pali madera amafuta ndi gasi pomwe amachotsa mchere. Pakapanga mafuta, kutulutsa kumachitika, komwe kumakhudza chilengedwe. Komanso, mapaipi amafuta akumangidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pano, ndipo magwiridwe akewo ndi owopsa ku chilengedwe. Chifukwa cha izi, chiopsezo cha tsoka lachilengedwe chachitika mgulugulu.
Kuwononga magalimoto
Monga madera ena ambiri, mpweya waku tundra waipitsidwa ndi mpweya wotulutsa mpweya. Amapangidwa ndi sitima zapamsewu, magalimoto ndi magalimoto ena. Chifukwa cha izi, zinthu zowopsa zimatulutsidwa mlengalenga:
- ma hydrocarbon;
- nayitrogeni okusayidi;
- mpweya woipa;
- aldehyde;
- benzpyrene;
- okusayidi kaboni;
- mpweya woipa.
Kuphatikiza pa kuti magalimoto amatulutsa mpweya mumlengalenga, sitima zapamsewu ndi magalimoto omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtunda, womwe umawononga chivundikiro cha nthaka. Pambuyo pa chiwonongekochi, nthaka idzakhalanso bwino kwa zaka mazana angapo.
Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zowononga
Tundra biosphere yaipitsidwa osati ndi mafuta ndi utsi wa mpweya. Kuwonongeka kwachilengedwe kumachitika panthawi yama migodi yazitsulo zopanda mafuta, miyala yachitsulo ndi apatite. Madzi onyansa am'nyumba, omwe amathiridwa m'madzi, amaipitsa madera amadzi, zomwe zimakhudzanso chilengedwe cha deralo.
Chifukwa chake, vuto lalikulu lachilengedwe la tundra ndi kuipitsa, ndipo magwero ambiri amathandizira izi. Nthaka imachepetsanso, zomwe siziphatikizira kuthekera kochita ntchito zaulimi. Ndipo limodzi lamavuto ndikuchepa kwa zamoyo zosiyanasiyana chifukwa cha ntchito za anthu osaka nyama mozembera. Ngati mavuto onsewa sanathetse, ndiye kuti chikhalidwe cha tundra chidzawonongedwa, ndipo anthu sadzasiyidwa ndi malo amodzi osakhudzidwa padziko lapansi.
