Astronotus ndi cichlid yotchuka kwambiri yam'madzi. Sizachilendo kumva mayina ena, mwachitsanzo, Tiger Astronotus kapena Oscar. Nsombazi zimakhala ndi mtundu wowala komanso kukula kwakukulu. Monga ma cichlids onse, adafika m'madzi am'madzi aku South America. Ubwino wake ndi kuphatikiza kwawo mwachangu komanso machitidwe osiyanasiyana. Wachinyamata wachisomo kwakanthawi kochepa amakhala nsomba yokongola mpaka masentimita 35 m'litali. Kukula uku kumakopa chidwi cha aliyense wamadzi.
Kufotokozera kwa nsomba
Nsomba iyi ndi imodzi mwa ochepa omwe ali ndi nzeru zokwanira. Amamuzindikira mbuye wawo mosavuta ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera. Astronotus amayang'anitsitsa inu mukakhala mchipinda. Maganizo ake amamulola kuti akhale wosiyana ndi ma cichlids ena. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, oimira ena amtunduwu amalola kuti azisisitidwa komanso kudyetsedwa m'manja. Zowona, dzanja lanu limatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya mphindi imodzi, ndipo ma cichlids awa amaluma kwambiri. Ndikoyenera kukhala omvera ndi kuwasamalira, ngakhale kuti amalola kuti munthu aziwayandikira, adzilole kuti azimenyedwa komanso kusangalala ndi izi, amakhalabe wolusa.
Ma Oscars amtchire ndi otchuka ndipo amapezeka mwaulere kugulitsa, koma zodabwitsa pakusankhidwa zawafikira. Masiku ano, mitundu yatsopano yatsopano ya nsomba yatulutsidwa yomwe yakopa mitima ya akatswiri odziwa zamadzi.
Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri:
- Mdima wokhala ndi mawanga ofiira lalanje;
- Mitundu ya kambuku;
- Chialubino;
- Chophimba;
- Marble.
Komabe, utoto sikutanthauza kuti mitundu yasinthidwa. Nyenyeziyo ikadali patsogolo panu. Kusunga ndi kudyetsa silovuta lalikulu, kotero ngakhale oyamba kumene amatha kusunga nsomba zoterezi. Chokhacho chomwe chimasokoneza ma aquarists ambiri ndi kukula kwa ziweto. Chifukwa chakuti ma Oscars amakula msanga kuposa anzawo, nthawi ina amawawona ngati chakudya ndikungodya. Ngati mungaganize zoyamba mtunduwu, muyenera kukhala okonzekera aquarium yosachepera malita 400 ndikulephera kusungunula aquarium ndi mitundu ina.
Nsombayi ili ndi thupi lozungulira komanso mutu waukulu wokhala ndi milomo yotchuka. M'chilengedwe, kukula kwake kumatha kufikira masentimita 34-36, m'madzi osungira madzi nthawi zambiri samapitilira 25. Mukadyetsa astronotus moyenera ndikusintha madzi munthawi yake, ikusangalatsani ndi mawonekedwe ake kwa zaka zosachepera 10. Pachithunzichi mutha kuwona kukongola kwamitundu ya nsomba zosiyanasiyana.
Kusamalira ndi kudyetsa
Kuyambira nsomba yayikulu, funso limakhala loti chiyani komanso momwe mungadyetsere astronotus. M'malo awo achilengedwe, ma Oscars amadya chilichonse kuyambira zakudya zamasamba mpaka amphibiya. Chifukwa chake, sizosadabwitsa kuti palibe vuto ndi kudyetsa nsombazi. Mabuku ambiri am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi amalangiza anthu kuti azipereka chakudya chokwanira. Muthanso kudyetsa zakudya zopangira zopangira ma cyclides. Chokhacho chomwe muyenera kusamala ndi mtundu wa chakudya. Amatha kusamalira mtundu uliwonse wa chakudya, kaya ndi pellets, mapiritsi kapena pellets.
Nsomba sizingataye mtima ngati nthawi ndi nthawi mumadyetsa nyongolotsi, nsomba, nkhanu, crickets kapena zokwawa. Osati ofooka mtima amatha kuyendetsa guppies kapena tail-tails kupita ku zakuthambo, zomwe zimakhalanso chakudya cha nyama zolusa. Ingokumbukirani kuti nsomba zatsopano zimatha kubweretsa matenda mu aquarium yanu, chifukwa chake samalani.
Chikhalidwe china cha ma Astronotus ndi umbombo pakudya. Nsombazi zimatha kupitiriza kudya ngakhale zitakhuta. Chifukwa chake kuthekera kokulirapo kunenepa kwambiri komanso mavuto am'mimba.
Pali malingaliro olakwika akuti ma cichlids amatha kudyetsedwa ndi nyama yoyamwitsa. Koma tsopano zatsimikiziridwa kuti chakudya chamtunduwu sichimayamwa bwino ndi nsomba ndipo chimayambitsa kuwonongeka, komwe kumapangitsa kufooka kwa minofu ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Ngati mukufuna, mutha kupatsa nsombayo mtima wa ng'ombe kamodzi pamlungu.
Kusunga nsomba m'nyanja yamchere sikuvuta kwambiri. Chokhacho chomwe muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa ukhondo. Monga mu aquarium iliyonse, popita nthawi, kuchuluka kwa ammonia kumakwera ndipo nsomba zimayamba kupha. Astronotus ndi nsomba zowoneka bwino, chifukwa chake, zimafuna kusintha kwamadzi sabata iliyonse. Ndikofunika kusintha pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a aqua yonse. Ikani fyuluta yabwino yomwe idzawononge nthaka. Zakudya zotsala zimasokoneza thanzi la ziweto, chifukwa chake samalani kwambiri pansi.
Mwachangu, madzi okwanira a malita 100 adzakhala okwanira, koma mwachangu muyenera kuyikapo ndi 400 kapena kuposa. Ma Oscars adzakuthokozani chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito bwino mpweya wabwino. Mpweya uyenera kuperekedwa kudzera mu chitoliro.
Chifukwa chake, zinthu zabwino ndi izi:
- Kutulutsa kwa Aquarium kuchokera ku malita 400;
- Madzi oyera;
- Nthaka yamchenga;
- Kutentha kwa madigiri 21 mpaka 26;
- Acidity 6.4-7.6
- Kuuma mpaka 22.5.
Ngakhale ndi kuswana
Ndi mawu ochepa okha omwe anganene zakugwirizana kwa nsombazi. Sangakhale pachibwenzi choyandikana ndi aliyense. Akangopeza mwayi, adzadya mnzawoyo. Ndi bwino kuwasunga awiriawiri mosungira mosiyana. Nthawi zina pamakhala zotsalira, pomwe pafupi nawo mutha kuwona ma arovani oyandama, wakuda pacu, cichlazomas wa misewu isanu ndi itatu, cichlazomas a Managu, anthu akuluakulu a plekostomus ndi ma parrot atatu osakanizidwa. Koma izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha nsombazo.
Ndizosatheka kusiyanitsa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi. Njira yokhayo ndikudikirira kubereka. Obereketsa amatenga ana khumi ndikuwadikirira kuti agawike awiriawiri.
Kukula msinkhu kwa kugonana kumafika pofika masentimita 12. Ziphuphu zimapangidwa mu aquarium ya makolo. Ikani zogona zingapo, miyala mbali zosiyanasiyana ndikuwonera. Malo omwe mumakonda, nsomba zimatsukidwa kaye, ndipo pokhapokha azayamba kuponya mazira. Poyamba, caviar ndi yoyera, yosawoneka bwino, koma pambuyo pa maola 12-24 amatha kusintha utoto. Mwachangu ukasambira, makolowo ayenera kuchotsedwa. Ma cyclops achikhalidwe ndi Artemia amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudyetsa ana. Pakubala kamodzi, mkazi amatha kuyikira mazira mpaka 2000, omwe amapirira mwamphamvu zonse zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndipo opitilira theka amakhala ndi umuna. Ganizirani momwe mungamangirire ma Astronotus ang'onoang'ono asanawonekere. Kufunika kwa nsomba sikokwanira, koma pali zotsatsa zambiri zoti mugule.
