Njuchi ndi tizilombo. Kufotokozera, mawonekedwe, mitundu, moyo ndi malo okhala njuchi

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Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe

Aliyense amadziwa kuyambira ali mwana kuti uchi ndi chinthu chopatsa thanzi, chopatsa thanzi komanso chodabwitsa. Sichimawonongeka, kusungidwa kwazaka zambiri, kuchiritsa matenda osiyanasiyana, ali ndi zinthu zingapo komanso michere yapadera yopanda thanzi.

Komanso mwana aliyense amadziwa kuti uchi umapangidwa mwachilengedwe ndi tizilombo tomwe timatchedwa njuchi. Thunthu ichi ndi timadzi tokoma, kusandulika mwapadera, ndiye kuti digested siteji ina mu goiter wa zolengedwa zazing'ono izi melliferous.

Pafupifupi njuchi - tizilombo osatopa pantchito yawo, yopatsa osati anthu okha, komanso zolengedwa zina zambiri Padziko lapansi ndi chinthu chamtengo wapatali komanso chosasinthika, ndipo nkhani yathu ipita.

Njuchitizilombo, wokhala ndi kukula kwa pafupifupi masentimita 3. Chovala chake chautoto chimakhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda, yomwe imasinthasintha ndi madera achikasu-lalanje. Zilombozi zimakutidwa kwathunthu ndi tsitsi lomwe limagwira ntchito zoteteza ndikusewera ngati ziwalo zakukhudza.

Chifukwa cha njuchi, anthu amapeza chinthu chamtengo wapatali komanso chothandiza - uchi

Thupi lawo limagawika patatu, lolumikizidwa pamodzi ndi zotanuka zoterera. Choyamba ndi mutu wawung'ono; yotsatira chifuwa - malo amthupi amakulirapo; ndipo gawo lomaliza komanso lofunika kwambiri pamimba ndi pamimba.

Maulalo onse athupiwa akuwonetsa bwino chithunzi cha njuchi... Kuphatikiza apo, zamoyozi zili ndi miyendo isanu ndi umodzi ndipo zimapatsidwa mapawiri awiri ofiira, osiyana kukula, mapiko omwe amalumikizana wina ndi mnzake pothawa pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zazing'onozing'ono.

Mphamvu za njuchi ndizosangalatsa komanso zovuta. Choyambirira, kuphatikiza maso, omwe, pamenepo, alipo asanu. Maso awiri ophatikizika, owoneka bwino mbali zonse ziwiri za mutu, amapangidwa ndi mbali zabwino. Chiwerengero chawo ndi chachikulu kwambiri, chokwanira zikwi zazinthu zazing'ono kwambiri.

Chosangalatsa ndi njuchi ndi kupezeka kwa maso asanu

Pali maso atatu osavuta, omwe ali pa korona wa tizilombo. Ndipo zigawo zonse za ziwalo zowonekera zimalola njuchi kuzindikira kuwala ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa. Zilombozi zimatha kuwona mitundu yabuluu ndi yachikaso, yomwe sitinganene za mithunzi yofiira.

Tinyanga tomwe timakhala pamutu pawo timazigwiritsa ntchito ngati ziwalo za kununkhira, kuwonjezera apo, zimathandiza kuti zizizizira komanso kuzizira, kudziwa chinyezi komanso kuchuluka kwa mpweya mumlengalenga. Njuchi zimamva ndi miyendo yawo komanso ziwalo zina za thupi. Katemera wautali pamutu amawalola kuti asonkhanitse timadzi tokoma, ndipo ziwalo za kukoma zimapezekanso.

Njuchi za m'gulu lalikulu la Hymenoptera. Ndipo ndi achibale, ndi mavu ofanana nawo m'njira zambiri. Komanso, nyerere zimawerengedwa kuti ndi abale apamtima pazinthu zomwe zafotokozedwazo ndi abale awo m'ndondomekoyo, ngakhale sali mgululi tizilombo, wofanana ndi njuchi.

M'malo mwake, ntchentche zina zimawoneka ngati zolengedwa zathu zam'madzi, mwachitsanzo, zomwe zimatchedwa hoverfly. Imakhalanso ndi mimba yamizeremizere yokhala ndi zigamba zokhala ndi malalanje, komanso imatulutsa phokoso lofananira. Ichi ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri, chosavuta kutchulidwa, ndi akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo.

Ndiye kuti, chilengedwe chimapatsa ntchentche ngati mawonekedwe a tizilombo tapoizoni, momwe njuchi zimakhalira, kuti ziziteteze. Chifukwa chake, pakuwona mopepuka, ndikosavuta kusokoneza njuchi ndi hoverfly.

Mitundu ya njuchi

Zonsezi, mitundu yambiri ya njuchi imadziwika; Pazonse, pali zoposa zikwi makumi awiri padziko lonse lapansi. Njuchi zonse zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: zoweta ndi zakutchire.

Si chinsinsi kuti anthu akhala akuswana uchi ndi uchi kuyambira kale. Osati iye yekha, komanso zinthu zina zofunika: phula, sera ndi poizoni wamankhwala. Koma zilipo m'chilengedwe ndipo njuchi zakutchire.

Iwo ndi ochepa kukula kwake. Mtundu wawo uyenera kutchedwa wachikale, mithunzi yake siyowala kwambiri, m'malo mwake imasinthidwa, ndipo mitundu yake imakhala yosakanikirana. Chifuwa cha wolusa chimakhala ndi chipolopolo choteteza.

Tsitsi la matupi awo limakula kwambiri kuposa la anzawo omwe amakhala nawo, kusewera ngati ubweya wa tizilombo, kuwapulumutsa munthawi yozizira komanso yozizira.

Kukula kwa njuchi zakutchire ndikocheperako poyerekeza ndi zoweta

Mwa mitundu yayikulu ya njuchi, ndikuyenera kuwunikira zosangalatsa kwambiri. Ndipo oyamba kutchulidwa ndi njuchi zenizeni. Ili ndi dzina la banja lonse, lomwe limaphatikizapo mitundu pafupifupi zikwi zisanu. Mwa iwo:

1. Njuchi za uchi - mitundu yambiri ya njuchi zoterezi zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu motero ndizodziwika bwino kwa iwo. Poyamba, makolo athu akutali kwambiri m'mapanga a mitengo amangopeza malo okhala tizilombo timeneti ndikutenga uchi. Koma pang'onopang'ono adayamba kuweta, ndikuwasunga mu mitengo, yopangidwa ndi makungwa kapena dongo.

Pambuyo pake adayamba kumanga nyumba za zolengedwa zoterezi, zotchedwa ming'oma. Ndipo adapanga chimango chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Ndikosavuta kutulutsa uchi kuchokera kuzinthu zotere pamodzi ndi zisa zokhala ndi uchi.

2. Njuchi zazikuluzikulu ndi mtundu wonse wa njuchi m'njira zambiri zofanana ndi njuchi zawo. Zonsezi, pali mitundu pafupifupi mazana atatu ya tizilomboti. Amakhala m'makontinenti onse akummwera kwa dziko lapansi. Pakati pa abale awo, adapeza mbiri yakuletsa kuzizira kwambiri. Mwa njira, izi zimawonjezera mwayi wawo wopulumuka.

Njuchi zamphongo zimakhala ndi mwayi wouluka kunja kukatenga timadzi tokoma m'mawa kwambiri, pomwe mpweya sunatenthedwe ndi kunyezimira kwa dzuwa lofunda kapena dzuwa lotentha. Chifukwa chake, ali patsogolo pa omwe akupikisana nawo ndipo amatola zokoma kwambiri kuchokera kumaluwa ndi zomera zina.

Chovala cha mtundu uliwonse wa bumblebee ndi chosiyana. Ena a iwo ali ndi mikwingwirima yachikasu yosinthana ndi yakuda, pomwe ina ndi yalanje kapena yofiira. Palinso mitundu yakuda kwathunthu.

Ziphuphu zamphongo zimakhalanso m'banja la njuchi

Mwa oimira ufumu uwu wa tizilombo pali zimphona zenizeni, zomwe ndizodziwika bwino njuchi zambirizomwe tonse tazolowera. Chitsanzo chabwino cha izi ndi zitsanzo za mtundu wa megachil. Ndipo kukula kwawo kumakhala kochititsa chidwi, chifukwa mapiko awo amatha kufikira masentimita 6. Mwa njira, njuchi izi sizingathe kupanga uchi konse. Amakhala m'midzi ndipo amadziwika chifukwa chankhanza zawo.

Wojambula wamanjuchi wojambulidwa

Moyo ndi malo okhala

Njuchi zimazika mizu m'mbali iliyonse ya dziko lapansi momwe maluwa amakula. Ndiwo gwero lalikulu la chakudya chawo. Ndipo ndi timadzi tokoma, monga tanenera kale, kuti tizilombo timatulutsa uchi. Si chinsinsi kuti maluwa, zolengedwa zimenezi zimagwiranso ntchito yofunikira pochotsa mungu m'madzi. Ndipo mitundu yambiri yazomera zapadziko lapansi yopanda njuchi sichingakhalepo ndikuchulukana bwino.

Kodi nthumwi zaufumu zaufumu wa tizilombo timakhala kuti zatchulidwa kale - ku ming'oma ya njuchi... Koma achibale awo akutchire amayesa kukhazikika m'mabowo a m'nkhalango, mphako, mabowo. Ngati nyengo yamderali ndiyabwino pang'ono, ndiye kuti chisa cha njuchi nthawi zambiri chimapachikidwa pamwamba pamitengo. Nthawi zina zimakhazikika pakati pamakoma kapena m'chipinda cha nyumba.

Zisa za tizilombo tomwe tafotokozazi ndi nyumba za zisa zoyenda mbali ziwiri. Ndipo popanda iwo, ndizosatheka ngakhale kulingalira za moyo wa njuchi (ndiye kuti, gulu lalikulu, monga mwachizolowezi kuyitanira madera amenewo mwanjira imeneyo).

Njuchi zakutchire zimasankha maenje ndi ming'alu m'mitengo yoti zisamangidwe

Maselo otere amamangidwa, omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe olondola komanso amawoneka ngati hexagon, kuchokera ku sera yotulutsidwa ndi tizilombo timeneti. Mtundu uliwonse wa zisa za njuchi uli ndi kukula kwake, kawirikawiri kofanana ndi kukula kwa tizilombo tokha.

Ndipo okhala pachisa nthawi zonse amayang'anira umphumphu wawo. Zatsopano, ndiye kuti, poyamba, maselo amakhala ndi zoyera, koma pakapita nthawi amada.

Tizilombo timene timakhala m'madera, omwe mamembala ake amagawika m'magulu. Koma mitundu yomwe imapanga banja la njuchi iyenera kufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane.

1. Njuchi zogwira ntchito ndi mitundu yambiri yomwe ili ndi chisa cha njuchi. Nthawi zambiri timawawona m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku pamene tili m'chilengedwe. Chiwerengero cha okhalamo amtunduwu chitha kufikira 80 zikwi.

Kodi njuchi zimatani? Amagwira ntchito yayikulu, ndiko kuti, kufunafuna mbewu zoyenera ndikuchotsa timadzi tokoma. Tizilombo tonse tomwe timagwira ntchito ndi akazi otukuka. Amawoneka ndendende komanso kuchokera m'mazira oberekera.

2. Mfumukazi - cholengedwa ichi m'banja la njuchi ndi chokhacho chokwanira chazimayi. Ndipo ziwalo zina zonse za gululo zimachokera kwa iye. Popeza mfumukazi imapereka moyo kudera lonse, imakhala pamalo olemekezeka, chifukwa chake imadyetsa njuchi zantchito ndipo imasungidwa bwino nayo.

Izi ndi zachilengedwe, chifukwa popanda chiberekero, abale awo amawopsezedwa kuti atha. Enawo amadziwa kuti dzombelo limakhala nalo chifukwa cha fungo lochokera mmenemo. Ngati izi sizikuwonedwa, izi zimakhala ngati alarm kuti chiberekero chamwalira ndipo chatsopano chiyenera kukwezedwa.

3. Ma Drones ndi amuna omwe cholinga chawo ndikuphatikiza chiberekero, ndipo alibe ntchito ina. Ndi zazikulu kuposa mamembala am'banja ogwira ntchito ndipo amatuluka m'mazira osakwanira. Ndipo chakudya china chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwadyetsa.

Chifukwa chake, ngati palibe chosowa, ma drones amathamangitsidwa mwankhanza ndi abale ena. Nthawi zina amagwera zisa zina. Koma nyengo yozizira ikayamba, pomwe timadzi tokoma timene timatulutsa timadzi tokoma timatha, sangachitire mwina koma kufa ndi njala ndi kuzizira.

Pumulani Njuchi m'nyengo yozizira akukakamizidwanso kwambiri kusintha moyo wawo wanthawi zonse. Alimi amasamalira tizilombo tomwe timapezamo ziweto. Ndipo abale amtchire aviikidwa phula ndi phula ndikukwera m'ming'alu.

Zakudya zabwino

Zikuwonekeratu kuti chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe tizilombo timadya ndi uchi. Koma mtundu wa chinthuchi umadalira pazinthu zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kuchokera momwe tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timapulumukira pamavuto a dzinja. Kuphatikiza apo, mtundu wa zomera zomwe timadzi timeneti timatulutsidwa timakhudza kwambiri kukoma kwa uchi.

Ndibwino kuti oimira maluwawo asakhale ndi shuga wambiri, sucrose ndi chakudya, chifukwa zinthu izi zimapangitsa kuti mankhwalawa azikulirakulira. Ndipo mu mawonekedwe awa, uchi sungathe kudya kwathunthu ndi njuchi.

Ndipo ngakhale atatola kuchuluka kwa chinthuchi, amatha kufa ndi njala. Zomera zosafunikira, mwachitsanzo, zimaphatikizapo mpiru, heather, thonje, ndi zina.

Pomwe chakudya chake sichabwino kwambiri, njuchi Amavutika kwambiri. Ndipo mamembala onse a chisa amatengeka ndimatenda ndikumva kuwawa. Zomera zabwino za uchi zimaphatikizapo: apulo, chitumbuwa, peyala, msondodzi, linden ndi ena ambiri.

Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo

Kutengera ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana, njuchi zimatulutsa kamvekedwe kosiyana ndi komwe. Chifukwa chake, alimi odziwa zambiri, potulutsa mng'oma, amatha kumvetsetsa zomwe zikuchitika mnyumba ya njuchi.

Phokoso la chisa limapangitsa kuti, mwachitsanzo, zidziwike kuti tizilombo tomwe tili mkatimo sizizizira. Amanenanso zamavuto ena, chifukwa gulu lililonse la banjali "limayimba" m'mawu ake omwe.

Anthu okhala mumng'omawo akayamba kuchuluka, amapanganso mawu omveka bwino. Izi zimachitika mamembala a chisa akaganiza zopatukana m'mabanja awiri. Nthawi yomweyo, gawo limodzi la gululi likuuluka ndi mfumukazi yakale yodziwa zambiri. Ndipo mkati mwenimweni mwa zakale, mkazi wachichepere amaleredwa.

Pakukula kwa mfumukazi yamtsogolo, njuchi zimamanga zisa zapadera. "Mfumukazi" iyi yam'banja imachokera dzira. Ndipo ikasanduka mphutsi, imadyetsedwa mkaka wapadera. Zimatengera mtundu wa chakudyacho: kaya njuchi wamba kapena mfumukazi idzatuluka mdzira lachikazi.

Kutha kuberekana kwa gulu la njuchi kumapeto kumadziwonetsera kale pakadali masiku khumi. Njuchi mfumukazi Munthawi ya moyo wake amalumikizana ndi ma drones ambiri. Ndipo samawerengedwa ngakhale mabiliyoni, koma manambala omwe ali ndi zero zambiri.

Nthawi yomweyo, unyinji wa mazira omwe wopitilira mtundu wa njuchi amaikira patsiku nthawi zambiri umaposa kulemera kwake kwamoyo. Koma ndi msinkhu wa chiberekero, mtundu wa mwanayo umasintha. Nthawi yomweyo, mchaka chachitatu cha moyo, ma drones ambiri amawonekera mumng'oma, ndipo izi ndi zoyipa kale kuti banja lipulumuke.

Njuchi ogwira ntchito nthawi zambiri samakhala masiku opitirira 40. Koma ngati awonekera m'banja pafupi ndi nthawi yophukira, ndiye kuti, kuphatikiza nthawi yachisanu, amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Nthawi ya moyo ya ma drones ndi yocheperako. Komabe, chiberekero ndicho chimasunga mbiri motere. Amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka zinayi.

Nanga bwanji ngati walumidwa ndi njuchi?

Mbola ya cholengedwa chimenechi ili kumapeto kwa mimba. Ili ndi mphako chifukwa chomwe kachilombo kameneka sikatha kupulumuka adani atawaukira. Njuchi zimaluma imakanirira mthupi la mdani, ndipo cholengedwa chopanda thandizo chimataya icho, chomwe chimayambitsa imfa ya woteteza wolimba chisa.

Koma wovulalayo mwiniwake, yemwe analandira gawo la poizoni, amapezanso mavuto ena kuchokera ku njuchi. Kupatula apo, mbola imatha kukakamira pakhungu ndikupitiliza kutulutsa zinthu zoyipa.

The poizoni wa tizilombo ndi othandiza kwambiri popanga. Poyamba, wozunzidwayo amamva kupweteka chifukwa cha zomwe adachita. Kenako malo omwe mbewuyo imalowetsedwa imakhala yofiira, kenako pamapezeka edema yosasangalatsa, yomwe imangodutsa patatha masiku angapo (nthawi zambiri awiri kapena atatu).

Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zakunja zomwe zimalowa m'magazi zimatha kuyambitsa matendawa. Koma nthawi yomweyo mbola ya njuchi zitha kukhala zothandiza. Kupatula apo, poizoni wa tizilombo timeneti tating'onoting'ono timapatsa mphamvu zochiritsa. Imapha mabakiteriya ndipo, kuwonjezera pa zowopsa, imakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza.

Ngati munthu wagwidwa ndi kachilombo kameneka, ayenera kuchotsa kaye mbolayo, ndikuchiza potaziyamu permanganate kapena mankhwala ena aliwonse ophera tizilombo. Kuponderezedwa kozizira kumathandizanso kuchiritsa. Kuphatikiza apo, kumwa madzi ambiri ndikopindulitsa, chifukwa kumathandizira kutulutsa zakumwa zoopsa.

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