Mtundu wa Friesian ndi umodzi wakale kwambiri. Khadi loyitanira ndikuwoneka mosamala komanso tsitsi lopindika la mchira, mane. Kuphatikiza apo, mafinya amakhala tcheru komanso othamanga mwachangu. Izi zimathandizira kulumikizana kwapadera ndi akavalo amtunduwu.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Hatchi ya Friesian idakhazikitsidwa m'chigawo chakumpoto cha Netherlands. Gawolo limatchedwa Frisia. Chifukwa chake dzina la akavalo. Ndiwo okhawo okhala ku Holland.
Chiyambi cha akavalo achi Friesian ndi achiaborijini. Mwachidule, mtunduwu unachokera ku mathirakitala wamba. Munthawi ya Middle Ages, mphamvu zawo zidathandizidwa pamabwalo ankhondo. Mafinya owoneka bwino kwambiri komanso amisempha amalimbana ndi zida zankhondo zazikulu osataya mtima.
Kusankha kosankhidwa kunayamba m'zaka za zana la 16. Holland panthawiyo anali pansi pa Spain. Anthu aku Spain ndipo anali oyambitsa kukweza ma Frisians pamwazi wamahatchi ochokera ku Andalusia, Berberia. Dera loyamba lili kumadzulo kwa Spain. Berberia ndi dzina lachigawo kuyambira ku Mediterranean mpaka Sahara.
Andalus adawonjezera chisomo kuma friezes, ndi a Berbers kutalika kwawo. Komabe, akavalowo anakhalabe amphamvu. Kwa okwera pamahatchi, opepuka kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 17, panalibenso kufunika kwawo. Asitikaliwo adasamukira ku Andalusians.
Mafurisi, kumbali inayo, amasamukira kumagulu onyamula, nthawi zambiri achifumu. Mtunduwo udakondana ndi mafumu komanso olemekezeka. Anayamba kuswana mafinya. Kuwonongeka kumeneku kunachitika munthawi ya kusintha. Mafumu adagonjetsedwa, ndipo mahatchi ochokera m'makola awo adasamutsidwa kupita kumabanja osauka. Ndi pafupi kutembenuka kwa zaka za zana la 19 ndi 20.
Pofika m'chaka cha 1913, mahatchi atatu a Friesian otsala sanatsalire. Kusowa kwachangu kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa mayendedwe okwera pamahatchi. Friezes, yomwe idasiya kugwira ntchito pankhondo, idasiya kukhala yothandiza pamisewu.
Okonda kusamalira adakwanitsa kusunga mtunduwu podutsa ndi mtundu wa Oldenburg. Ichi ndi cholemera china mdziko la akavalo. Komabe, pofika pakati pa zaka zapitazo, chiwerengero cha anthu aku Frisians chidatsikiranso, mpaka kale anthu 500.
Fashoni yodzikongoletsera idathandizanso kuchira. Ndi za masewera a Olimpiki. Zovala ndizophunzitsira. Pakati pake, kavalo amaphunzira kuyenda munjira inayake, kutenga mayendedwe ena polumpha, kukhazikika, ndi popatsa moni. Mawu amachititsa sayansi imeneyi kukhala yosavuta.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a kavalo wa Friesian
Kuchokera m'chigawo chakumpoto, Mitundu yamahatchi ya Friesian Amadziwika ndi ubweya wandiweyani, wandiweyani komanso mchira wautali, mane. Tsitsi lomwe lili pansi pa miyendo limakulitsanso. Chodabwitsachi chimatchedwa kutsuka kapena kuzizira.
Imawonekera bwino ziboda zazikulu kale. Omalizawa, mwa njira, adatengedwa kuchokera ku Frisians ndi Oryol trotters. Asanalowetsedwe magazi a akavalo achi Dutch, anthu a Oryol nawonso analibe suti yakuda. Ndiye chizindikiro cha ma friezes.
Mahatchi a Oryol adalandiranso kachilombo kambiri kuchokera ku akavalo aku Frisian. Ili ndi dzina lakumbuyo. Kumeneko akavalo ali ndi mphamvu zamagalimoto. Ndi chifukwa cha iye kuti Frisians anayamba kusakanikirana ndi anthu a Oryol - adawona kutha kwa Dutch. Zina ndizo:
- kutalika kwa kufota kuchokera 1.5 mpaka 1.6 mita
- mutu wawukulu wokhala ndi mbiri yowongoka
- makutu ataliatali, olimba
- mfiti
- wamiyendo yayitali
- Chipilala chachitali chopereka galimoto lolemera
Hatchi ya Friesian pachithunzichi Zitha kukhala zakuda zokha. Oimira mtunduwo anali ndi suti zina pomwe makamera anali asanapangidwe. Makamaka, kuphatikiza ndi Andalus, a Frisians adatenga ubweya wawo wamvi.
Popita nthawi, anthu omwe anali nawo adatayidwa. Pazifukwa zomwezi, sitingakumane kavalo woyera wa friesian... Koma pankhani ya mtanda, mwachitsanzo, ndi wachiarabu, sutiyi ndiyotheka. Kunja, ma mestizo ndi mahatchi owoneka bwino samasiyana kwambiri.
Kotero, kumayambiriro kwa zaka za 2000, chithunzi cha mphepo yoyera yoyera idagawidwa ku Runet. Ambiri adakhulupirira. M'malo mwake, chithunzi cha nyani wosakanizidwa chidatengedwa.
Kutalika kwakumbuyo kophatikizana ndi chikhalidwe chofatsa cha akavalo achi Friesian kumawapangitsa kukhala omasuka momwe angathere okwera. Chifukwa chake, ma friezes amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokopa alendo. Komabe, tsitsi lobiriwira la mahatchi amtunduwu limadzazidwa mwachangu pamalo ovuta ndi minga, burdock, udzu ndi zinyalala zina. Izi zimachepetsa momwe magwiridwe antchito amayendetsera zinthu m'mizinda.
M'masewera, mtunduwo sukuchita bwino kwenikweni. Mafulemuwo adachotsedwa pamalowo. Mtunduwo udaphunzitsidwa kuyendetsa. Uwu ndi mpikisano wokwera mahatchi.
Mitundu ya mitundu
Palibe mitundu ya mahatchi achi Friesian, osati mitundu yokha, komanso kunja. M'malo mwake, pali njira ziwiri zokha - zoyera komanso zopingasa. Pankhani yopita ndi nthumwi za mitundu ina, yachitatu imapezeka nthawi zambiri.
Chitsanzo cha akavalo a Oryol chatchulidwa kale. A Friesians adatenganso nawo gawo pakusankha ma trotter aku America ndi ma shelz. Otsatirawa amabadwira ku Norfolk.
Akavalo ambiri omwe adalowerera ndikuchita nawo anthu aku Frisian adatengera mawonekedwe awo mwamwambo. Ndiye chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito ma stallion ndi mares pansi pa okwera pamaulendo azisangalalo, m'mipanda yolimba.
Kusamalira ndi kukonza mahatchi a Friesian
Hatchi ya Friesian ku Russia amagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono osati kokha chifukwa cha kuthekera kwapakatikati pamasewera, kusameta tsitsi komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mopanda phindu pamakampani a nyama ndi mkaka. Kukhwimitsa kwa mahatchi okwanira ndi maresitala amawopsezanso:
- Sangasungidwe m'gulu la ziweto. Timafunikira masheya osiyana m khola.
- Khola liyenera kukhala lofunda, lowala, lalikulu. Kutentha kotsika kwa zomwe zili ndi madigiri 16. Nthawi yomweyo, sikofunikira kutentha pamwamba pa 20 pamlingo wa Celsius.
- Mpweya wabwino kwambiri ndi wofunikira, komabe, ma drafti savomerezeka.
- Udzu wophatikizidwa ndi udzu sikokwanira kuzizira. Oats ndi mbewu zina, ndiwo zamasamba, maofesi amchere ayenera kuwonjezeredwa kwa iwo. Zakudya zamagulu zamagulu ndizoletsedwa, ndizovulaza thanzi la akavalo achi Friesian.
- Kudyetsa kumachitika magawo atatu. Choyamba, amapereka roughage, mwachitsanzo, udzu. Kenako mahatchiwa amapereka ndiwo zamasamba zokoma. Mbewu ndi mchere.
- Anthu aku Frisi amadya katatu patsiku m'nyengo yozizira komanso kawiri patsiku chilimwe. Akavalo amtunduwu akufuna boma. Ikani chakudya nthawi yomweyo.
Musaiwale za mchira wobiriwira, mane, mafinya pamiyendo. Ayenera kuphatikizidwa tsiku lililonse. Pofuna kuti ntchitoyi ichitike, mahatchiwo amapopera mankhwala opewera kangapo pamlungu. Muyeneranso kutsuka tsitsi la mares ndi ma stallion. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ochapira tsitsi apadera.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Kuchuluka kwa mahatchi aku Friesian mwina chifukwa cha kuswana. Nthawi yovundikira mahatchi, mahatchi amakwiriridwa ndi 15% yokha. Zifukwa zoletsa kubadwa kwa oimira mtunduwo sizikudziwikabe.
Pofuna kusungabe chiwerengero cha anthu aku Frisian, zidutswa zamagulu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Uku ndikutulutsa umuna. Zimapereka maubwino:
- kuthekera kozizira kwa umuna ndi mayendedwe
- kuteteza umuna wa mwana wamkazi wokwera kwambiri pomwe kavalo sanalinso wachinyamata
- kuthekera kwa umuna ndi umuna watsopano wolowa m'thupi la mares
Umuna wa umuna wopangira umapezeka ndi khola pa nyini. Kawirikawiri, iyi ndi chubu chapadera. Ndi chitsulo, koma mkati mwake muli mphira. Kuti kavalo agwirizane ndi zina zotere, kavalo amapatsidwa Buserelin.
Awa ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi analogue opanga a gonadotropin, omwe amalimbikitsa kuyendetsa kugonana. Chifukwa chake, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuthekera kwachilengedwe kwa nyama.
Mahatchi achi Friesian amagonana kuyambira koyambirira kwa Marichi mpaka pakati pa Juni. Chimake cha zokopa chimagwera masana. M'nyengo yozizira, anastrus amapezeka - chopinga chilakolako chogonana.
Dziwani ngati mahatchi ali ndi mawonekedwe abwino amatumiza ma poni. Alibe kutalika kuti atenge kavalo waku Friesian. Komabe, zimawonekeratu ngati amalola kuti agwirizane kapena ayi.
Akavalo achi Friesian amaswa ana pafupifupi masiku 340. Masiku angapo asanabadwe, colostrum imayamba kuoneka bwino kuchokera kumathumbu ndi maliseche, pomwe phukusi limatuluka.
Akavalo ambiri amathandizidwa kuti abereke. Pakadutsa minyewa yamphamvu, opatsa mphamvu amapatsidwa ndipo fetus imakhazikika poyeserera. Muzochitika zadzidzidzi, gawo lobwezera limachitika.
Mafinya amachotsedwa mwana wakhanda wakhanda. Nyama itapukutidwa ndi nsalu youma. Zimatsalira kuchita kutikita pamtima mosalunjika. Pambuyo poyambira, "mota" imagwira ntchito mpaka chaka cha 51. Adakhala nthawi yayitali mahatchi ochokera kudera la Essex, ku England. Hatchiyo idachoka mu 2013 ndipo adatchulidwabe mu Guinness Book of Records.
Zaka zapakati pa kavalo ndizaka 25-30. Pofika zaka 20, nyama zimawerengedwa kuti ndizakale. M'mawu aanthu, izi ndi zaka 40.
Mtengo wamahatchi achi Friesian
Mtengo wamahatchi achi Friesian zimadalira mtundu wa makolo, mawonekedwe ndi zaka. Mahatchi ang'onoang'ono, ang'onoang'ono ndi agulitsidwe amagulitsidwa pafupifupi ma ruble miliyoni. Ngati kavalo ali ndi zaka zopitilira 5, amapempha ma ruble pafupifupi 500,000.
Mtengo wosiyana wakonzedweratu wokwatirana ndi mphepo yoyera. Kawirikawiri. Amapempha ma ruble 20-30,000, kuti aperekedwe kumadera ena. Pali ndalama zolipirira izi. Komabe, onse awiri pamahatchi komanso pokhalitsa ziweto zawo nawo, mtengo wake umakhala wokwera mtengo. Mutha kupatuka kwambiri pamtengo womwe ukuwonetsedwa patsamba lotsatsa pa intaneti.
