Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a nkhono
Mbalame ndi zolengedwa zamapiko zomwe zimapezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Mbalame zoterezi sizangokhala zochulukirapo, komanso zimadabwitsa ndi mitundu yambiri yamitundu. Iwo, omwe ali m'gulu la nyama zodya mapiko, ali ogwirizana m'banja la mphamba.
Maonekedwe a oimira ake, ngakhale atakhala ndi zida zokwanira, amapatsidwanso mawonekedwe ambiri ofanana ndi banja lonse.
Izi zikuphatikiza, choyambirira, chikwakwa, chotengera mitundu ina ya nyama zamapiko padziko lapansi, mawonekedwe a mapiko akulu komanso olimba. Chikhalidwe chake chimawonekera bwino pakuwuluka, ndipo ndikosavuta kuzindikira nyama izi mlengalenga.
Komanso, monga mukuwonera pachithunzichi, nkhwazi ali ndi malamulo olimba okhazikika, kamlomo kakang'ono kooneka ngati mbedza, kamathera kumtunda ndi mano akuthwa.
Mbalame zodya nyamazi zimakhala zazikulu, maso owoneka bwino, malo oyandikana ndi malo opanda kanthu opanda nthenga. Amphamba amadziwika ndi chifuwa chachikulu, mchira wautali wozungulira ndi miyendo yolimba.
Mtundu wa nthenga, kutengera mitundu, ukhoza kukhala wosiyana. Nthawi zambiri, maziko onse amakhala ndi utoto wakuda kapena bulauni, wodziwika ndi kusiyanasiyana ndi zoyera zoyera.
Akazi oimira banja ili nthawi zambiri amakhala akulu kuposa amuna. Kulemera kwa azimayi okhala ndi nthenga kumatha kufikira makilogalamu 1.3, ndipo uwu siwo malire. Pomwe amuna amakhala opepuka theka la kilogalamu.
Falcon imathamangitsa nyama
Kuyambira kale, ziphuphu m'nthano, nthano zachipembedzo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zimalumikizidwa ndi kulimba mtima, kulimba mtima komanso ulemu. Makhalidwe amenewa amapezeka m'ntchito zambiri zaluso ndi ndakatulo zopambana.
M'miyambo yakale yaku Egypt nkhono mbalame ankaonedwa ngati chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri cha totemic, ndipo mawonekedwe ake achifumu anali okhudzana ndi mphamvu ya farao komanso mawonekedwe a milungu ingapo.
Asilavo ali ndi nkhani zodabwitsa kwambiri zodziwika bwino zomwe zimakhudzana ndi cholengedwa chamapiko ichi. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ankhondo olimba mtima amatchedwa falconi omveka. Adatamandidwa ulemu, kulimbika mtima, kulimba mtima, kulimba mtima komanso mwayi.
Ma Falcons amakhalanso anzeru komanso ophunzitsidwa bwino. Atagwidwa, mbalame zoterezi zimakhala zomasuka, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimamva chikondi chenicheni komanso kudzipereka kwathunthu kwa eni ake.
Makhalidwe amenewa anali chonamizira chowalamulira ndi anthu ndi kuwagwiritsa ntchito pothaga. Munthu wakale, wokhala ndi wothandizira wotere, sanafunikire kunyamula zida zilizonse.
Mlomo wa nkhwazi umatsimikizira kuti mbalameyi ndi chilombo
Mbalameyi idatha kuzindikira palokha chandamale ndikuyipha. Ndipo woimira mtundu wa anthu amangofunikira kuti asataye nthawi ndikukhala ndi nthawi yokatenga nyama.
Kusaka kwamtunduwu kwazaka zambiri, mpaka posachedwapa, kunali kofala m'maiko ambiri akummawa, komanso ku Europe. Ena amakhulupirira kuti chizindikiro chayekha cha chitukuko chimatanthauza munthu wokhala ndi mbalame yosaka m'manja mwake.
Ndipo zikuwoneka ngati zowona. Dziwani kuti Mwachitsanzo, ku Russia, zabodza ankaona ngati chizindikiro cha ulamuliro wa boma lamphamvu. Mbalamezi sizimangokhala chete. Komabe, kuwopseza, koma panthawi imodzimodzi yomveka kulira kwa khwimbi odziwika bwino kwa alenje amitundu yonse ndi nthawi zonse.
Mitundu ya Falcon
Banja la mbalamezi limayimiridwa ndi mitundu khumi ndi iwiri. Amasiyana mtundu, malo okhala, zizolowezi zawo, komanso kukula kwake, komwe kumasiyana kwambiri pakati pa theka la mita kukula kwa nthumwi zazikulu za banjali mpaka zazitsanzo zazing'ono zazitali za masentimita 35 zokha.
Oimira gulu lalikulu kwambiri komanso lotchuka kwambiri ali ndi dzina lomweli ndi banja lonse mphepo. Mitundu Mbalame zotere, makamaka zitsanzo zosangalatsa kwambiri, ndizoyenera kufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane, chifukwa chake zina mwazi zidzafotokozedwa pansipa.
1. Falcon yaku Mediterranean - amatanthauza oimira akulu a abale apabanja. Mtundu wakumwamba ndi wofiirira, pansi pake ndimowala kwambiri, ndipo zolengedwazi zilinso ndi mtundu wofiira. Mbalame zoterezi zimapezeka ku Balkan, Italy, Arabia ndi madera akumpoto a Africa. Amakhala m'malo am'chipululu chamiyala ndi zipululu, komanso, nthawi zina amapezeka m'mphepete mwa miyala.
Falcon yaku Mediterranean
2. Altai falcon M'madera ena ku Central Asia idawongoleredwa ngati mbalame yosaka ndipo imakonda kutchuka. Ndiwonso munthu wambiri m'nthano zambiri zaku Hungary. Mtundu wa mbalame zotere umadalira mtundu winawake wa subspecies. Pali mapungu okhala ndi nthenga zaimvi ndi zofiirira komanso misana yofiira.
Altai falcon
3. Falcon yachidule - wokhala ku South ndi East Africa. Mbalameyi ndi yaying'ono kukula, kuwonedwa kuti ndiyoyimira yaying'ono kwambiri yamitundu yonse yaku Africa. Koma ili ndi mtundu wosangalatsa wamitundu. Pamwamba pa nthenga za mbalameyi ndi bulauni yakuda, m'mimba mowala ndikutuluka kofiira, mbalamezi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mawanga ofiira kumbuyo kwa mutu ndi pakhosi loyera.
Falcon yonyansitsa
4. Falcon yakuda - wokhala ku New Guinea ndi Australia. M'magawo amenewa, amakhala m'mapiri komanso m'mbali mwa nkhalango, ndipo amapezeka m'malo olimapo. Mbalamezi ndizocheperako poyerekeza kukula kwake. Amasiyana ndi abale awo ndi miyendo yayitali komanso mapiko okulirapo. Mtundu wa mbalamezi ndi wachikale, wamtundu umodzi, womwewo kwa amuna ndi akazi. Kamvekedwe kake kakhoza kuweruzidwa kuchokera pamutu.
Falcon yakuda
5. Mphungu yamadzulo - wokhala m'chigawo cha America, wopezeka pakatikati kuchokera ku Mexico kupita ku Argentina. Mbalame zoterezi ndizocheperako, ndipo zimatha kutalika masentimita 27. Mtundu wawo ndiwosangalatsa, wosiyanitsa, wopangidwa ndi madera akuda, ofiira ndi oyera. Mbalameyi imadziwika ndi dzina lake chifukwa nthawi zambiri imasaka ikayamba mdima.
Mphungu yamadzulo
6. Falcon yaku Mexico ndi wa mamembala akulu kwambiri pabanjapo. Imakonda kukhazikika m'malo otseguka a zipululu komanso madera akumidzi, komanso zisa pamiyala. Ili ndi utoto wotuwa wosiyanasiyana. Ku United States, mbalame zoterezi ankagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mbalamezi.
Falcon yaku Mexico
7. Falcon yaku New Zealand... Mitundu ya mbalame zotere, zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu ya bulauni, imvi, yakuda komanso yoyera, ndi yosangalatsa ndipo imakongoletsedwa ndi mitundu ndi mawanga osiyanasiyana. Mbalameyi yapeza ulemu wokongoletsa ndalama ndi ndalama zaku New Zealand ndi mawonekedwe ake.
Falcon yaku New Zealand
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Mbalamezi zakhazikika, popanda kukokomeza, pafupifupi padziko lonse lapansi, kupatulapo, mitengo yake yakumwera ndi kumpoto. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbalame zotere imakhazikika m'malo ophulika komanso m'malo am'chipululu, nthawi zina amakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja, monga, oimira mitundu yodziwika bwino ya mbalamezi, gyrfalcon. Pali mitundu yomwe imakonda mapiri ndi miyala.
Mphungu Ndi mbuye wa kusaka, wowoneka bwino komanso wamphamvu, wokhoza kuthana ndi mlengalenga makilomita opitilira 300 pa ola limodzi. Chakudya chomwe amakonda kwambiri mbalamezi ndimasewera apamtunda, pomwe amasangalala ndi kukongola kouluka mwaluso komanso kuthekera kwakukulu.
Nthawi ngati izi, ndiye kuti, pokhala kumwamba, amawoneka kuti amadzisilira okha ndipo amanyoza anzawo mlengalenga, kuwonetsa kuthekera kwawo. Ndipo amatha kudabwitsa osati ndi ma pirouettes ovuta, komanso kutalika kwa kukwera.
Mbalamezi zimangoyendayenda. Koma sitikulankhula za kusamuka kwakanthawi konse (nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi achichepere, koma osati anthu okhwima), koma za mikhalidwe ya mbalamezi. Titha kunena kuti amasamuka kuchoka kudera lina kupita kudera lina akayitana mitima yawo ndi chikhalidwe chawo, ndipo nthawi zambiri mbalame zimathera moyo wawo wonse akuyenda.
Falcon yoyera
Pali mbalame zosiyanasiyana, makamaka zomwe zimakonda moyo wosamukasamuka. Izi zikuphatikiza, mwachitsanzo, mafalansa amtundu wa peregrine, omwe afalikira chifukwa chakukonda kuyenda kudera lalikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Monga tikudziwira kale, zolengedwa zamapiko izi sizimawopa anthu, chifukwa cha momwe zinthu ziliri, kuti azikhala kutali ndi malo okhala anthu komanso kuti asachite mantha pomwe njira zamiyendo iwiri zili mu mzimu wawo.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti pakati pa mbalame, ndi ochepa okha omwe amatha kupikisana ndi mphamba m'maluso aluntha, chifukwa chake mbalame zotere ndizosavuta kuziphunzitsa zikakhala zoweta. Ndi ziweto zotere, anthu samangogwira nawo, komanso kusewera. Komabe, simuyenera kumasuka ndi kuiwala kuti awa ndi adani oopsa.
Zakudya zabwino
Chitoliro chomwe chili pakamwa pa nkhandwe chimalola kuti nyamazi zizitha kuthyola mosavuta mbalame zazing'ono, zomwe amazisintha mwaluso kuti zigwire, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zopangira izi.
Mphungu – wolusa mbalamewokonda magazi atsopano ndipo sadzadya zovunda. Amakonda kusaka nyama yawo m'mawa ndi madzulo. Nthawi zambiri mbalamezi zimagwira mbalamezi mlengalenga.
Podzipezera malo oyenera, mbalame zaphokoso nthawi zambiri zimamira pansi kuchokera kumtunda wawutali kwambiri. Ndipo zikatha kusaka bwino, zimapuma ndikudya chakudya, posankha malo awa omwe ndizovuta kuti zolengedwa zina zifikire.
Falcon amadya nyama
Kulongosola kusaka nkhono, nthawi zambiri amati "amamenya nyama." Ndipo mawuwa akuwonetseratu kutha ndi kuthamanga kwa kuponya kwake. Kuukira kuchokera pamwambapa, zolusa za nthenga izi zimawapweteka mwamphamvu ndi milomo yawo. Kwa zolengedwa zazing'ono, izi ndizokwanira kuti ziwakanthe nthawi yomweyo mpaka kufa.
Nthawi zina, nkhondoyi, posafuna kuukira pansi, imawopseza nyamayo, ndipo imawakakamiza kuti akwere mumlengalenga. Poyesera kuthawa mwanjira imeneyi, wovutitsidwayo amadziponyera mumsampha, chifukwa ndizotheka kupikisana ndi kabawi liwiro lothamanga.
Komanso, chilombocho chimapanga pirouette mlengalenga, kumenya pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kwambiri. Nthawi zina munthu wochenjerayo amasowa mwadala, ngati akusewera, kapena mwina amangoyesera kuwongolera chandamale m'njira yabwino. Koma atangoyang'aniridwa kumeneku, chifukwa cha cholinga china, wosewerayo nthawi zonse amapanga ziwopsezo zatsopano, nthawi ino ndikupha wovutitsidwayo.
Kuphatikiza pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta mapiko, mbalamezi zimadya makoswe ndi tizilombo tambiri, nthawi zina zimakonda kudya nsomba, njoka, achule mosangalala. Atapha nyamayo ndi mlomo wake wamphamvu, ndiye kuti chilombo chankhanza chiing'amba.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Zilombozi mwachilengedwe zimakhala zokhazokha. Ndipo, atapanga banja, azisamalira mwansanje banja lomwe adapanga kuchokera pakulowerera kwa alendo. Kukondana kwa mbalame zotere kumachitika mlengalenga.
Zimayimira ndege ndi masewera othamanga mlengalenga mwachangu kwambiri. Izi zimachitika kuti abwenzi, atanyamula zikhadabo zawo, amayamba kugwa kuchokera kutalika. Ndipo pokhapokha, pafupifupi atafika pansi, amasiya ziphuphu zakupha.
Falcon ndi anapiye ake
Posankha malo osankhira ana amtsogolo, mbalame zotere zimakonda miyala ndi mitengo yayitali, kufunafuna ngodya zazing'ono. Koma, chisa cha mphamba sichikhazikika pansi. Mitundu ina ya mbalame zotere imagwiritsa ntchito nyumba za anthu ena, zosiyidwa ndi nthumwi zina zaufumu wamapiko, kukonza anapiye.
Mazira a Falcon ali ndi utoto wofiira. Chiwerengero chawo ndi kulemera zimadalira pazinthu zambiri, ndipo koposa zonse pakudya kokwanira kwa amayi a ana amtsogolo. Makulitsidwe, momwe makolo onse amatenga nawo mbali, nthawi zambiri amapezeka mkati mwa mwezi umodzi.
Anthu okwatirana amakhala ndiudindo wokwanira kudyetsa ndi kulera ana. Anapiye a Falcon ali pansi pa chitetezo chodalirika cha makolo kwa mwezi wathunthu.
Komabe, pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyi, kuyang'anira kumatha ndipo m'badwo watsopano uyenera kudzisamalira. Ndipo bambo ndi mayi wokondana amatha posachedwa kupikisana nawo mwankhanza kwambiri.
Kabawo anaswa anapiye mumphika wamaluwa wokhala pa khonde la nyumba ina
Chaka chotsatira, achinyamata adayamba kale kupanga chisa chawo. Kutalika kwa mbalame zotere ndi nthawi yabwino kwa mbalame, pafupifupi zaka 16. Zowona, sikuti anthu onse amakhala ndi ukalamba.
Khwimbi ali ndi adani ambiri m'chilengedwe. Izi zikuphatikizapo mbalame - kadzidzi, nyama - ferrets, weasels, martens, nkhandwe. Chiwerengero cha zolengedwa zamapikozi chimachepetsedwa kwambiri ndi zochitika zopanda moyo za anthu.
Komabe, falcons amakhalabe mabwenzi okhulupirika a anthu masiku ano. Ndipo, pokhala zoweta, ziweto zotere nthawi zambiri zimakhala zolembedwa kwa achibale achilengedwe azaka 25 kapena kupitilira apo.
