Kuchokera ku Chitata kupita ku Chirasha kunabwera mawu akuti pensulo, chipinda chapamwamba, sundress, kulimbikira, ndalama, chipinda. Iwo apindulitsa chikhalidwe cha Asilavo. Kumbali ina, a Chitata adatenga chilankhulo cha Chirasha movutikira. Malinga ndi kalembera wa mu 1887, anthu ambiri a Chitata ankadziwa bwino chilankhulo chawo, Chiarabu ndi Chituruki.
Wachirasha adasweka. Panali mgwirizano wambiri kuposa chilankhulo. Nyama zambiri ku Tatarstan zimapezekanso kumadera ena a Russia. Zaka zana ndi theka zapitazo, zinthu zinali chimodzimodzi. Pali mitundu 400 ya zinyama zam'mimba ndi mitundu 270 ya mbalame ku republic. Nthawi yodziwana wafika.
Zinyama wamba ku Tatarstan
Fox
Kukula kwa nkhandwe ku republic nthawi zambiri kumawopseza anthu. Mwachitsanzo, mu 2015, kuwomberana kwa anthu obera mwachinyengo kudalengezedwa. Tatarstan idakhala mtsogoleri wotsutsana ndi madera aku Russia potengera momwe amphaka achiwewe amakhala ndi nkhandwe.
Kwa chaka chonse, zoposa 130 nyama zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka zidapezeka mdzikolo. Oposa makumi asanu ndi atatu a iwo anali nkhandwe. Kuwombera kunachepetsa kukula kwa anthu, komabe, sikunaike pachiwopsezo.
Nkhandwe - nyama zaku Republic of Tatarstan, kuchuluka komwe amayesa kusunga m'malire a munthu m'modzi pa mahekitala chikwi. Chifukwa chake, pali zachinyengo pafupifupi 8,000 mdziko la Republic.
Motley pestle
Ndi a banja la hamster. Kutalika kwa mbewa sikudutsa masentimita 12, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi magalamu 35. Pali mzere wakuda kumbuyo kwa pestle. Ubweya wonsewo ndi wotuwa. Muthanso kuzindikira ma pied ndi timakutu tawo tating'onoting'ono ndi maso akuda.
Tizilombo tomwe timakhazikika m'mabowo, timakumba tokha. Chifukwa chake, makoswe "amakokedwa" ndi dothi lofewa, lakuda. Ndikosavuta kukumba ndipo ngalandezo sizimagwa, monga mchenga.
Nkhandwe
Mimbulu ku Tatarstan, monga nkhandwe, adawomberedwa. Komabe, asayansi anazindikira patapita nthawi kuti imvi ndi dongosolo la nkhalango, kupha nyama zodwala ndi zofooka. Mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya ochokera munyama yawo alibe vuto lililonse ndi mimbulu.
Umu ndi momwe miliri imapewedwera. Kutulukira kwa akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo kunalepheretsa kuwonongedwa kwa imvi. Anthu achira.
Ngati agalu amaweta mimbulu, ndiye kuti amatsitsidwa. Maimvi amakhala ndi ubongo wachitatu wokulirapo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuthekera kwa nkhandwe kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa kwa galu.
Elk
Manambala ake anabwezeretsedwa kwa zaka pafupifupi 10. Cholinga chakwaniritsidwa. Kukula kwa anthu kunabweretsedwa kwa anthu zikwi zisanu. Ena mwa iwo akulemera makilogalamu 500. Monga ulamuliro, kulemera kwa amuna.
Pomva kuti ndi apamwamba, amatenga mazira angapo achikazi. Ma elks amkati amakhala amodzi okhaokha ndipo amakhala okhulupirika kwa mnzake.
Nkhono ndi nyama zazikulu kwambiri ku Tatarstan. Nyama zina zamphongo ndizochepa ndipo zimakhala ndi ziweto. Ma Elks amakhala osungulumwa, amalumikizana pokhapokha panthawi yoswana.
Roe
Izi zimagwiranso ntchito ku mitundu yobwezeretsedwa. Kuchokera kwa anthu 2400, kuchuluka kwa anthu kudakwera kufika 3500. Izi ndi zotsatira za njira zingapo zachitetezo cha biotechnology komanso kuteteza mitundu. Roe deer amayenera kutetezedwa, makamaka, kwa agalu amphaka. Anadzikundikira m'magulu ndipo anayamba kulimbana ndi nyama zamtchire. Mbawalayo nawonso adagundidwa.
Chifukwa cha agalu, mbawala zamphongo nazonso zataya chakudya chawo. Anayikidwa m'malo osakira m'malo odyetsera apadera. Agalu owetera adawasokoneza. Ndinayenera kugwira ndikuwombera agalu "ankhanza". Atolankhani adalemba izi mu Januware 2018.
Vole wofiira
Pakati pa ma voles, amasiyanitsidwa osati ndi mtundu wofiira wa malaya, komanso kutalika kwa mchira. Silipitilira masentimita 4. Ma voles ena ali ndi michira yayitali. Kutalika konse kwa thupi la mitundu yofiira ndi masentimita 12.
Nyama za Tatarstan pachithunzichi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mtedza wa paini m'manja mwawo. Ndiwo chakudya chachikulu cha ma voles ofiira. Ngati sizingatheke kupeza mtedza, makoswewo amakhutitsidwa ndi njere.
Medyanka
Ndi njoka. Anthu ambiri amamusokoneza ndi mamba. Komabe, mutu wamkuwa ndi wa omwe alipo kale. Njokayo ndi yotuwa pamwamba, ndi mimba yowala ngati mkuwa. Chifukwa chake dzina la mitunduyo. Oimira ake amasiyana ndi njoka posakhala ndi mzere wamdima wokhotakhota kumbuyo.
Kutalika, mitu yamkuwa imakulitsidwa ndi masentimita 60-75. Njokayo imadyetsa abuluzi. Ngati kulibe, chokwawa chimakhutira ndi achule ndi makoswe ang'onoang'ono.
Nkhuku zosamva
Cuckoo wamba ndiofalanso m'dziko. Munthu wogontha amasiyana ndi iye osati pakumva. Kungoti ma subspecies ali ndi mawu osokonekera. M'malo mwa "ku-ku", "doo-doo" amamveka. Kuphatikizanso apo, kamvekedwe kake ka mbalame kamakhala chete.
Makoko osamva akuphatikizidwa nawo nyama ndi mbalame za ku Tatarstan, monga mtundu, posankha makolo olera a anapiye ake. Mazira amaponyedwa kwa mbalame zankhondo. Cuckoo wamba amasiya ana atapatsidwa mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya mbalame.
Kuthyola
Iyi ndi nsomba yamadzi oyera, ya carp. Kutalika kothothoka sikupitilira masentimita 20. Ku Tatarstan, nsomba zimatchedwa synth. M'madera ena a Russia, mayina a mayina a baklya, sibil, kusungunuka kwakukulu kumawonekera. Dzinalo limalumikizidwa ndi kusambira kopanda tanthauzo pafupi ndi madzi.
Wofooka amakhala ndi thupi lolumikizana komanso lotsindika pambuyo pake. Ndi yopapatiza, yokutidwa ndi masikelo a silvery wabwino.
Bream
Imakula mpaka masentimita 82 ndipo imatha kulemera makilogalamu 6. Khalidwe ndi losiyana ndi nsomba zazing'ono komanso zazikulu. Chifukwa chake, achichepere ndi achikulire amagwidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake kugawidwa kwa nsomba kukhala bream ndi kumera. Palibe gulu lotere mu sayansi yovomerezeka, idayambitsidwa ndi asodzi.
Mafuta ndi a carp, amadziwika ndi thupi lake lalitali, masikelo akulu ndi mutu. Pakamwa pa nyamayo ndi kakang'ono. Mimbulu yam'madzi mwa nsombayo imakhala ngati mpheto yakunja.
Nyama za Red Book of Tatarstan
Ogar
Mbalame yopatulika ya Abuda. Malinga ndi chipembedzo chawo, bakha wamoto amabweretsa bata ndi bata. Mbalame yokha ndiyo yopuma. Mbalame yamitengo yopakidwa ndi mawu ofiira ili pachiwopsezo chotha. Izi ndi zomwe zalembedwa posachedwa mu Red Book of Tatarstan.
Moto umafika masentimita 67 m'litali. Bakha amalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu. Popeza imachokera pagulu lazovala zazing'ono, mbalameyi ndi ya mbalame zam'madzi, imadziwa kuyandama pamadzi, ndikulowerera.
Mwala marten
Komanso watsopano ku Red Book of Tatarstan. Pakati pa ma mustelid, mitundu yamiyala imawonekera chifukwa cha kulimba mtima kwake, nthawi zambiri imakhazikika m'mapaki, pafupi ndi nyumba za anthu komanso m'zipinda zawo. Ndiye chifukwa chake nyamayo inalowa nyama zowopsa ku Tatarstan. Anthu samakhala okondwa nthawi zonse ndi oyandikana nawo, makamaka pomwe a marten amalowerera nkhuku.
Stone marten, ngati agologolo, amakonda kudya kuchokera kwa odyetsa omwe amapachikidwa ndi anthu pamitengo. Ayenera kukhala omasuka. Marten sakonda nkhalango zowirira. Chifukwa chake, kukula kwa Tatarstan ndikofunikira kwa nyama. Republic ili pamphambano ya biotopes ziwiri - steppe ndi nkhalango.
Chipmunk waku Asia
Ku Eurasia, mitundu yaku Asia ndiyomwe imayimira mtundu wa chipmunk. Mwa kukula nyama zosowa ku Tatarstan mapuloteni ochepa. Kutalika kwa thupi la chipmunk sikupitilira masentimita 16. Theka lake limachokera kumchira wofewa. Pamodzi ndi iye, nyamayo imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 100.
Kunja, chipmunk waku Asia amadziwika ndi mikwingwirima 5 yakuda kotenga kumbuyo kwake. Ubweya wotsalira wa nyamayo ndi bulauni.
Kamba wam'madzi
Sikuti nthawi zonse zimakhala m'madambo, koma nthawi zonse m'matumba amadzi okhala ndi mabanki ofooka komanso otsetsereka. AT Tatarstan nyama za Red Book zidapezeka m'maboma a Nurlatsky ndi Alkeevsky. Kunja kwa Republic, akamba amapezeka m'chigawo cha Caspian, Caucasus, kumwera kwa Urals.
Nthawi yomaliza yomwe kamba kachiwombankhanga kudawoneka ku Tatarstan zaka 20 zapitazo pakulowa m'dera la Nurlat. Chinyamacho chinajambulidwa ndi Garanin Valerian - pulofesa wothandizana ndi Dipatimenti Yoyang'anira Zamoyo ku Kazan State University. Komabe, kamba yemwe watha sakudziwika. Asayansi akuyembekeza misonkhano yatsopano.
Chipale cha Chipale
Amadzitama ku Republic, koma siwachilendo kwenikweni. Ndikosavuta kuwona nyama yolusa munyumba ya Kazan zoo-botanical. Kunja kwake, chilombocho chinakwera pamwamba pamapiri, ndikukhala moyo wachinsinsi. Pali zifukwa zobisala. Akambuku anaphedwa ndi ubweya. Tsopano akuwononga madera omwe amphaka amtchire amakhala.
Pa chovala cha Tatarstan, nyalugwe akukweza manja ake. Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha mphamvu yopambana komanso chiyambi cha mayendedwe. Nzika zadzikoli zimawona ngati gulu lokonzanso.
Chimbalangondo chofiirira
Mu republic, nawonso, adaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wa Red Book. Kuphatikizidwa kwa phazi lamiyendo pamenepo kumakhala kofunikira. M'zaka za m'ma 2000, chiwerengero cha mitunduyo chinayamba kuchepa. Akatswiri a zooology atchula chimbalangondo ngati nyama yosatetezeka. Silinabwere kuzomwe akuti "zili pafupi kutha". Mitundu yomwe idatetezedwa idabwezeretsa kuchuluka kwake pofika 2016. Tsopano funso lochotsa chimbalangondo chofiirira kuchokera ku Red Data Book la republic likugamulidwa.
Pali malo ambiri okhala ndi zibalabala m'chigawo cha Rybno-Slobodsky. Tinawerenga anthu 120. Komabe, ambiri a iwo amalowa mu Republic kokha chilimwe. Zimbalangondo zimapita m'nyengo yozizira mdera la Kirov ndi Udmurtia. Nkhalango zomwe zimakhala zowopsa, pamakhala chiopsezo chocheperako kuti nyama zisokonezeke nthawi yozizira.
Pike wagolide
Zambiri zokhudza nsombazi sizimatuluka nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa palinso wodya njuchi wagolide. Masamba onena za "kutuluka" kwake koyambirira. Komabe, nzika zadzikoli zimadziwa kuti nkhokwe yachilendo imapezeka m'dera la Blue Lakes.
Pike wagolide ndi wofanana ndi wamba, koma zipsepse za nsombazo zimakhala zachikasu. Masikelo a nsomba ndi azitona. Monga pike wamba, golideyo amakonda malo osungira madzi ozizira.
Tarantula Kumwera kwa Russia
Wa banja la akangaude a nkhandwe, ndi owopsa. Kuluma kwa tarantula yaku South Russia kuli ngati kuboola kwa nyanga. Ululu ndi womwewo. Komabe, malo olumidwa ndi tarantula ndi otupa. Ululu kumatenga maola angapo, ndi ana ndi okalamba - masiku. Poizoni siowopsa.
South Russian tarantula imatha kutalika masentimita 3.5. Thupi la kangaude limakutidwa ndi tsitsi. Mutha kuwona nyamayo pa dothi lonyowa. Akangaude amasankha madera omwe magwero apansi amayandikira kwambiri.
Gologolo wamba wamba
Agologolo akuuluka - nyama zomwe zimakhala ku Tatarstan, ndipo nthawi zambiri amatchedwa mapuloteni. Komabe, kulamula kwa nyama ndikosiyana, ngakhale nyamazo ndizofanana. Gologolo wouluka ndi wocheperako. Kutalika kwa thupi lanyama, kuphatikiza mchira, sikupitilira masentimita 22. Kuphatikiza apo, gologolo wouluka amakhala ndi khola lachikopa pakati pa miyendo. Nyama ikamayenda pakati pamitengo, khungu limatuluka, kukulitsa malo olumikizirana ndi mafunde ampweya.
Nthawi zambiri, agologolo oyenda amapezeka m'chigawo cha Agryz. Umodzi mwamisonkhanoyi adafotokozedwa ndi Alexander Belyaev, wogwira ntchito ku University of Kazan.
Hatchi yamtchire
Ndi kachilomboka kokhala ndi thupi lowoneka wobiriwira, wobiriwira komanso mawonekedwe a nkhwangwa zosanjidwa atatuluka mkamwa. Mu Bukhu Lofiira nyama za ku Tatarstan kunachitika chifukwa samakonda kumwazikana. Atabadwira kudera linalake, kafadala amakhala mmenemo mpaka kufa. Chifukwa chake, anthu amakhala okhaokha. Munthu amasintha malo okhala anthuwa pogwiritsa ntchito zachuma. Chifukwa chake, mitunduyo ikutha.
Kutalika kwa kavalo ndi mainchesi 1.5-1.8. Kutalika, ndi kutentheka kwa miyendo kumalola kuti kachilomboka sikukwawa kokha, komanso kuti kalume. Chifukwa chake dzina la mitunduyo.
Wopalasa wamawangamawanga
Rinur Bekmansurov, wamkulu wa Lower Kama Museum of Nature, anali woyamba kunena zakuchepetsa kwa agologolo agalu amathotho-bala. Awa ndi malo osungira dziko lapansi. Rinur adanena kuti kutha kwa zamoyozi kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa ziwombankhanga. Mbalamezi zomwe zimadya nyama zimadya.
Tatarstan ikukonzekera pulogalamu yoteteza gologolo wamangamanga. Dzinalo limalumikizidwa ndi mitundu. Khalidwe la nyama ndilopanda pake ndipo, kuweruza ndikuwopseza kuti kutha, pali china chake chokangana.
Chinkhanira chamadzi
Miyendo yakutsogolo yake ndi yopindika ngati timiyala. Maonekedwe a thupi amafanananso ndi chinkhanira. Apa ndipomwe kufanana kumathera. Kutalika kwa nyama yofiira sikudutsa masentimita awiri. Cholengedwa, monga dzina limatanthawuzira, chimakhala m'madzi. Chinkhanira sichiluma ndipo, kwenikweni, ndi tizilombo tomwe timachokera ku nsikidzi.
Zinyama za Tatarstan chinkhanira chamadzi chimalemera mosazindikira. Tizilombo timadzibisa tokha ngati tsamba lomwe limagwera pamadzi. Chifukwa chake, mtundu wa kachilomboka ndi kofiirira wobiriwira, ngati kuti wafota.
Kalulu
M'zaka za m'ma 70 zapitazo, munali azungu 70,000 mu republic. Pofika chaka cha 2015, pali zotsalira 10 zotsalira. Malo okhalamo a Hares tsopano abalalika. Zifukwa zakuchepa kwa mitunduyi zinali kusaka, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo muulimi.
Kalulu wamkulu wachikulire amatalika masentimita 45-65. Mbiriyi ndi ya 75 sentimita payekha yolemera makilogalamu 5.5.
Pofuna kusamalira kuchuluka kwa mitundu yosaka, oimira awo amapangidwa mwanzeru ndikumasulidwa kumalo achilengedwe. Chifukwa chake mu 2017, abakha zikwi 10, nswala 100, ma maral 50 adatumizidwa ku kukula kwa Tatarstan. Omwe sanabadwe, koma adabwera kuchokera ku Altai.
