Mbalame yosangalatsayi yokhala ndi milomo yapadera nthawi zonse imakopa chidwi cha anthu omwe amawoneka modabwitsa. Crossbill ndi protagonist wa nthano zambiri zakale ndi miyambo. Aliyense amene amakopeka ndi mitundu yachilendo komanso yapachiyambi samachita chidwi ndi mbalameyi.
Kufotokozera kwa Crossbill
M'ngululu ndi chilimwe, nthawi zovuta zimadza kwa onse okhala padziko lapansi. Mbalame zonse zimayenda chisa m'matumba awo. Ena akuyembekezera ana, ena adikira kale, amadyetsa ana, akukonza nyumba zawo.
Mwa kukangana konse uku, mutha kuwona mbalame zazing'ono zamaluwa ofiira ofiira okhala ndi mapiko akuda, omwe, zikuwoneka ngati, sasamala. Ndi mawonekedwe odekha, amapitilira pamitsinje, ndikuwongola ndi ma cones ndikuyamba zokambirana zawo mwakachetechete, chifukwa zopingasa zimabereka ana m'nyengo yozizira.
Kuwoloka mbalame Ndikokwanira kungosiyanitsa ndi anzawo onse. Nthenga imakhala ndi mlomo wachilendo wokhala ndi theka logundana. Chifukwa chakuti mulomo ndi wamphamvu mokwanira, mbalame imatha kuthyola nthambi za spruce, chulu kapena khungwa la mtengo nayo.
Miyeso ya nthenga imeneyi ndi yaying'ono. Kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi masentimita 20. Nyumbayi ndi yolimba. Kuphatikiza pa mulomo wachilendowo wa crossbill, mchira wake wokhala ndi mphanda nawonso umachita chidwi.
Ena amati mlomo wa mbalamewo unapangidwa mwanjira yoti mbalameyo idye mosavuta, pamene ena amafotokoza kapangidwe kake ndi nthano imodzi yokongola. Amati panthawi yopachikidwa kwa Khristu, mbalameyi idayesa kutulutsa misomali mthupi lake.
Ndipo popeza kukula kwake kuli ngati mpheta ndipo mbalame imakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa, sizinamuyendere. Koma mlomowo udawonongeka mpaka kalekale. Nthenga ili ndi miyendo yolimba kwambiri, yomwe imalola kuti ikwere mitengo popanda vuto lililonse ndikukhala mozondoka kuti itenge kondomu.
Mtundu wa akazi ndi wosiyana ndi wa amuna. Chifuwa cha amuna ndi chofiira, pomwe chachikazi chimakhala chobiriwira chokhala ndi imvi. Mchira ndi mapiko a mbalame amalamulidwa ndi utoto wofiirira.
Mbalame zimaimba pamwamba. Kuimba mluzu kusakanikirana ndi kulira kwawo. Makamaka nyimbozi zimamveka paulendo wapandege. Nthawi yonseyi, mbalame zimakonda kukhala chete.
Mverani mawu a crossbill
Mitanda yokhotakhota, malingana ndi machitidwe awo, deta yakunja ndi malo okhala, imagawidwa m'mitundu, yomwe ikuluikulu ndi mipiringidzo ya spruce, mapiko oyera ndi mapiri a paini.
Mitundu yonse yama crossbill imasinthasintha. Mutha kuwawona kulikonse. Pofunafuna chakudya, zimauluka msanga kuchoka kumalo osiyanasiyana kupita kumalo ena pagulu lalikulu laphokoso ndi laphokoso.
Malo okhala ndi moyo
Mbalamezi zimayenera kusunthira m'malo osiyanasiyana kukafunafuna chakudya. Chifukwa chake, ku funso - crossbill osamukasamuka kapena okhalamo yankho lake ndilosakaikira - inde, mbalamezi zimangoyendayenda chaka chonse. Nthawi yomweyo, zopingasa zilibe malo ena aliwonse.
Nthawi zina amakhala ochuluka kwambiri m'malo amodzi. Nthawi imapita ndikubweranso, mwachitsanzo, chaka m'malo amenewo mwina simungathe kuwona m'modzi mwa mbalamezi.
Izi zimatengera zokolola za ma conifers, omwe ndiwo chakudya chawo. Dera lonse lakumpoto kwa dziko lapansi lomwe lili ndi nkhalango za coniferous ndiye malo okhalamo owoloka. Amakonda nkhalango zowirira komanso zosakanikirana. Simudzawapeza m'nkhalango zamkungudza.
Mbalame zimamanga zisa zawo pamwamba penipeni pa mitengo ya spruce kapena mitengo ya paini pakati pa nthambi zowirira, m'malo omwe chipale chofewa ndi mvula sizigwa. Mbalameyi imayamba kuganizira za kumanga nyumba zake ndikumayamba nyengo yozizira yoyamba.
Chisa cha mbalame chimakhala chofunda komanso champhamvu ndi zinyalala zotentha komanso makoma olimba, olimba. Padziko lapansi, mbalame ndizosowa kwambiri. Malo awo okhala ndi m'mitengo. Kumeneko amadya, kugona ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yawo yonse yopuma.
Pofuna kuti mbalamezi zizikhala pakhomo, pamafunika zikhola zolimba zachitsulo. Mlomo wa Crossbill olimba kwambiri kotero kuti nthenga imatha kutuluka mndende yosalimba.
Ponena za adani okhala ndi nthenga m'chilengedwe, chopingasa sichikhala nawo ndipo sichinakhalepo. Izi ndichifukwa chakudya kwa mbalameyi. Chopangira chawo chachikulu ndi mbewu, zomwe zimakhala ndi mankhwala owumitsa.
Kuchokera pambewuyi, nyama yokhayokhayo imakhala yowawa komanso yopanda tanthauzo. Zimadziwika kuti mbalamezi sizimaola zikafa, koma zimasandulika mummy. Izi zimafotokozedwa ndi utomoni wokwanira m'matupi awo.
Zakudya zabwino
Chakudya chachikulu cha zopingasa ndi ma spruce cones. Mawonekedwe a mlomo wa Crossbill zimamulola kuti akotetse mamba a nyerere mosavuta ndikutulutsa mbewu mmenemo. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikokwanira kuti mbalameyo ingangopeza nthanga zingapo kuchokera kuchonchi.
Amataya zotsalazo. Mitsempha iyi, yomwe imakhala yosavuta kupeza njere, mapuloteni atatengedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, mbewa ndi makoswe ena amadya ndi ma cones otere mosangalala kwambiri.
Ndizosangalatsa kuwona momwe zopingasa zimakanirira mwamphamvu panthambi ndi zikhomo zawo ndikuyesera kutulutsa njerezo ndi milomo yapadera. Pakadali pano, sangangotembenukira mozondoka, komanso apange "kuzungulira".
Kuphatikiza pa chakudyachi, zopingasa zimakonda kugwiritsa ntchito utomoni wa mitengo, khungwa, tizilombo ndi nsabwe. Ali mu ukapolo, amatha kudyetsa nyongolotsi za mealy, oatmeal, phulusa lamapiri, mapira, hemp ndi mpendadzuwa.
Kubalana ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa nthambi ya mbalame
Palibe nthawi yeniyeni yoberekera achikulire a mbalamezi. Mkazi amaikira mazira pafupifupi 5 a buluu zisa zawo zotsekedwa ndi moss ndi ndere.
Mkazi amaikira mazira kwa masiku 14. Ndipo ngakhale atawoneka anapiye opanda thandizo, samachoka panyumba mpaka anapiyewo atakhazikika. Nthawi yonseyi, wamwamuna ndiye womuthandiza komanso womuteteza wodalirika. Zimanyamula chakudya chachikazi ndi mulomo wake wapadera.
Wofatsa m'nyengo yozizira ndiye mbalame yokhayo yomwe saopa kutulutsa anapiye kuzizira. Izi zimachitika pachifukwa chimodzi chofunikira cha mbalamezi. Ndi m'nyengo yozizira pomwe ma cones a conifers amapsa.
Kwa miyezi pafupifupi iwiri, makolo amayenera kudyetsa anapiye awo mpaka milomo yawo ikhala yofanana ndi ya anthu akuluakulu opingasa. Mlomo wa mbalame ukangotenga mawonekedwe achibale achikulire, amaphunzira kudula mbewa ndikuyamba kukhala pawokha.
Crossbill anapiye amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi akulu osati milomo yokha, komanso mtundu wa nthenga zawo. Poyamba, ndi imvi ndi timadontho ta mbalame.
Kusunga mbalame kunyumba
Ambiri okonda mbalame ndi nyama amadziwa ndi chopingasa chotani wokoma, wosangalatsa komanso wamakhalidwe abwino. Ndi mbalame zokonda kucheza komanso zabwino. Izi zimalola kuti eni atsopano azidalira nthenga atatuluka mu ukapolo msanga. Mbalameyi imazolowera chilichonse chatsopano chomwe chimachitika pa crossbill mwachangu kwambiri.
Zatchulidwa kale kuti khola la mbalame liyenera kukhala lolimba. Zingakhale bwinonso m'nyengo yotentha kuti timange chiweto ngati cha aviary, ndi tchire ndi mitengo mkati mwake. Izi zipatsa mbalameyi mwayi womva ukapolo, monga momwe zimakhalira m'nkhalango.
Chifukwa cha zikhalidwe zotere, mbalameyi imamva bwino ndipo imabereka mu ukapolo. Ngati kusungidwa kwake sikungakhale kofunikanso, ndiye kuti mtundu wa mbalameyo suwala kwambiri ndikukhuta, mtandawo umazimiririka pang'onopang'ono kenako kufa.
Sikoyenera kuti mbalame zizikhala m'chipinda chotentha, sizimakhala bwino pamikhalidwe yotere. Ma crossbill okhala ndi zinthu zabwino amasangalatsa eni ake osamalira ndi kuyimba kokongola komanso kusakhazikika, mawonekedwe abwino.
