"Kuchokera ku Tavria" - Umu ndi momwe dzina la Black Sea horse mackerel lidawonekera poyamba. Anabweretsa m'gombe kuchokera m'mphepete mwa Crimea, yomwe m'masiku akale amatchedwa Tavria. Kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa chilumba kumatsukidwa ndi Nyanja ya Azov. Nsomba yamchere ya Atlantic idatengedwa kuchokera kumeneko kupita kugombe la Black Sea.
Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, nsomba zasintha, kukhala mitundu yosiyana komanso gawo lalikulu lazamalonda. Mu Nyanja Yakuda, chilombocho chidakula msanga ndikukhala chokulirapo kuposa komwe adabadwa ku Atlantic. Otsikawa amakhala kutalika kwa masentimita 50 ndipo amalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu imodzi ndi theka. Mbalame yakuda yakuda yamchere Palinso masentimita 60 ndi mulingo wochepera 2 kilos.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a Black Sea horse mackerel
Yatsani chithunzi Black Sea horse mackerel imawoneka yayitali komanso yopanikizika kuchokera mbali. Mawonekedwe ake amalola nsomba kusambira mwachangu, ndikumagwira nyama. Amatsatiridwa m'matumba. Mackerel wamahatchi amapewa kusungulumwa. Gulu limasankhidwa mogwirizana ndi msinkhu wawo. Achinyamata amasungidwa padera ndi achikulire. Akulu samazengereza kudya achichepere, ngati ma piki m'madzi oyera.
Kuphatikiza pa obadwa nawo, Black Sea horse mackerel amadyetsa ma crustaceans, anchovy, gerbil atherina, mullet ndi red mullet. Kwa awiri omaliza muyenera kupita pansi. Nthawi zambiri, heroine wa nkhaniyi amasambira m'mbali yamadzi. Mu sayansi, amatchedwa pelagia. Chifukwa chake, mullet amatchedwa nsomba za pelagic.
Mawanga akuda amawoneka pamiyendo ya mackerel yamahatchi. Kumbuyo kwa heroine wa nkhaniyi kuli ndi sikelo zaimvi. Mbale ndizochepa. Zomwezo pamimba, koma silvery. Mzere wotsatira wa mamba osongoka, olimba umayenda mthupi. Amapinda chipeso chofanana ndi macheka. Ndikoopsa kupewa izi. Adani monga tuna, hering'i yayikulu ndi mackerel amapewa kuukira mackerel wamahatchi kuchokera mbali.
Thupi lokhalitsa limatha ndi chikoka cham'mimba. Awa ndi malo opanikiza mpaka kumapeto. Zipsepse kumbuyo, pachifuwa ndi pamimba mwa nsomba zimapangidwa mosagwirizana. Kutchuka kwakumtunda ndi m'mimba kumatchulidwa, ndipo ma thoracic ndi ochepa. Zipsepse zonse ndizovuta.
Kugwira zipsepse ndi mchira, heroine wa nkhaniyi imathamanga mpaka makilomita 80 pa ola limodzi. Zimakhala zosaka bwino. Chachikulu sikuti mukhale nyama yothamangitsa. Maso akulu a mackerel wa akavalo, titero kunena kwake, amatsimikizira mantha a nsomba. Mawuwo ali pafupi mantha. Tipeza kuti ndi madamu ati oti tiwayang'anire.
M'madamu omwe amapezeka
Dzinalo la horse mackerel limasonyeza malo okhala nsomba. Komabe, kufalitsa kwake mu Black Sea sikungafanane. Anthu ang'onoang'ono amakhala pafupi ndi gombe. Mackerel wamkulu wamahatchi amapita kumalo akuya kum'mawa kwa nyanja. M'chilimwe, nsomba zimagawidwa m'madzi. Chifukwa chake ndikutentha kwamadzi. Heroine wa nkhaniyi amakonda malo otentha. Izi zimalumikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe abwinobwino a mackerel wamahatchi. Tipereka chaputala chomaliza kwa iye.
M'nyengo yozizira, mbalame yamchere yamchere imachepetsa zakudya komanso ntchito. Pofunafuna kutentha, nsombazi zimamamatira kugombe la Caucasus ndi Crimea. Ena mwa anthu amasamukira kunyanja ya Marmara. Ndi madzi amkati ku Turkey, olekanitsa Asia ndi Europe.
Nsomba zazikulu zimakhala kutali ndi gombe, koma zimayandikira pafupi. Mwachilengedwe, mphukira zimakhazikika m'madzi pakati pa Batumi ndi Sinop. Pofika chilimwe, Black Sea horse mackerel imayambitsidwa, ngakhale kulowa Nyanja ya Azov.
Kutentha kwamadzi koyenera kwa mahatchi a mackerel ndi madigiri 17-23. Ndikutenthetsa uku, nsomba zimayamba kuberekana. Lamuloli limakhudza ma mackerel onse a Nyanja Yakuda, ogawidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono.
Mitundu ya Black Sea horse mackerel
Sikuti mackerel yonse yakuda yakuda ndi yayikulu. Mmodzi mwa mitundu iwiriyi ya nsomba imafika masentimita 60 m'litali ndi 2 kilogalamu. Magalamu 2000, mwa njira, ndi olemera kwambiri. Mackerel wamahatchi olemera mu Black Sea adagwidwa kamodzi kokha. Asodzi adakwera bwato, kuya kwakuya kwambiri.
Nsomba zazing'ono pafupi ndi gombe mwina ndi zazing'ono zazing'ono, kapena mtundu wachiwiri wa Black Sea horse mackerel. Awa ndi nsomba zazitali masentimita 30, zolemera pafupifupi magalamu 400-500.
Kusodza mackerel wa Black Sea
Black Sea horse mackerel - nsomba, akuwoneka ngati madzi otentha. Nyamayo imalumpha mwa iwo ndichisangalalo chothamangitsa nyama. Kudumphadumpha anthu masauzande ambiri kumapangitsa nyanja kuwira. Ichi ndi chizindikiro kwa asodzi. Chizindikiro china ndi dolphin. Amadya heroine wa nkhaniyi. Kukhalapo kwa ma dolphin kumawonetsa kupezeka kwa chakudya chawo chamasana, komanso nthawi yomweyo munthu. Gome limapatsidwa msuzi wa nsomba za mahatchi a mackerel, masaladi ndi nyama yake, nsomba zimaphika komanso zokazinga.
Zakudya zochokera ku Black Sea horse mackerel chokoma ndi chopatsa thanzi. Nyama ndi mafuta, monga mackerel, yodzaza ndi Omega-3 acid. Chogulitsidwacho ndi chowawa pang'ono. Kupha nyama ya mackerel ndichisangalalo. Mafupa ang'onoang'ono akusowa.
Mwa kugwira ndikukonzekera heroine wa nkhaniyi, asodzi amapeza mavitamini B1, B2 ndi B3, E, C ndi A. Kuchokera kuzinthu zochepa, nyama imadzaza ndi potaziyamu, phosphorous, calcium, magnesium ndi sodium.
Ndizosangalatsa kuti kukoma kwa mackerel yam'madzi kumakhala kovuta kuposa nyanja. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kuchotsa mutu kuphika. Lili ndi ziphe. Nyama nazonso sizimapatsidwa mutu wa nsomba.
Amagwira heroine wa nkhaniyi kuchokera kumtunda kapena pa bwato. Njira yachiwiri ndi yothandiza kwambiri chifukwa asodzi amagwiritsa ntchito chingwe chowongolera. Njirayi ndi yofanana ndi kusodza mumtsinje. Mzere wosodza ndi nyambo umangolowa m'madzi, pafupi pansi. Kusiyanitsa ndikuti msodzi yemwe ali m'bwatolo akuyenda. Nyambo imayenda ngati nyama yabwinobwino ya mackerel.
Pofuna kusodza m'ngalawa, sankhani ndodo zofupikitsa mpaka 2 mita kutalika ndikutalika. Chonyamulacho chimatengedwa ndimizere yolumikizidwa mwachangu, popanda njira yolowera mkati. Wotsirizayo ali ndi udindo woponya zida. Ndi chingwe chowongolera, chimangomira m'madzi.
Kuchokera kugombe, heroine wa nkhaniyi wagwidwa osati ndi ndodo yokha, komanso ndi wankhanza. Ili ndi dzina lamtundu wopangidwa ndi mzere wautali wokhala ndi zingwe ndi sinker. Ulusiwo umachotsedwa m'mabanki, ndikukonzekera kumapeto. Pa wolamulira wankhanza mmodzi, zingwe 80-10 zimamangirizidwa, zokutidwa ndi nthenga za mbalame.
M'mphepete mwa Nyanja Yakuda, mbalameyi imasungidwa m'mabanja ambiri. Eni ake amagulitsa nthenga kumsika. Ngati palibe yawo, asodzi amagula nyambo, kuyika ndowe ndi varnish yopanda madzi, kapena kuyimanga ndi ulusi woonda.
Ndikofunika kuti musateteze wankhanza, koma mugwire ndodo m'manja, ndikuyigwedeza pang'ono. Nthenga za mbalame nayonso zimayenda. Poona izi, amasambira nsomba yakuda yamchere yakuda. Kugwira wankhanza - kutsanzira kayendedwe ka nkhanu m'madzi. Chifukwa chake, kuthana kuyenera kuyendetsedwa mmwamba ndi pansi.
Mzere wa wankhanza umasankhidwa pafupifupi 0.4 mm m'mimba mwake. Abwino kwa heroine wa nkhaniyi, koma wodzazidwa ndi nthawi yopuma pamene zilombo zazikulu zikuluma. Potengera gulu la anyani ambirimbiri, amatha kumeza nsomba zomwe zagwidwa kale pa mbedza. Ali nawo m'mimba, zimphona zazikulu zam'nyanja zimayamba kulowa pansi, ndikuwononga nsomba.
Poganizira za kuopsa kwake, asodzi amapita ndi nsomba, zingwe, ndiponso chozimira. Yotsirizira ayenera kukhala wooneka ngati diamondi, wolemera magalamu 80-100.
Mbalame ya mackerel imagwidwa kwambiri ndi maukonde. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo, monga chingwe chowongolera, kumafuna kulembetsa. Usodzi kuchokera pagombe la Nyanja Yakuda umaloledwa kwa iwo okha omwe adutsa.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Mackerel wamahatchi ndi achonde, amaikira mazira masauzande ambiri. M'madzi ofunda, heroine wa nkhani umabala 4-5 pa chaka. Kuzizira, mitundu yonse iwiri ya Nyanja Yakuda imaberekana kawiri.
Ngakhale kubereka, kuchuluka kwa Black Sea horse mackerel kumachepa. Asayansi amatcha kusinthaku. Mawuwa amatanthauza kusinthasintha kwakukula kwa anthu chaka ndi chaka. Mbalame ya Black Sea mackerel imadziwika ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwamanambala. Pakadali pano, sitikulankhula za "buku lofiira".
Mackerel wamahatchi amakhala zaka 8-9. Chiwerengerochi chimasungidwa kwambiri mwa nsomba za ku Black Sea. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana mmenemo, mwa njira, ndiyosowa. Malo osungiramo madzi amakhala ndi malo okhala ndi mpweya wokwanira wokwanira. Sing'anga si yoyenera nsomba zambiri. Mackerel wamahatchi ndizosiyana. Izi zikuphatikizapo zikho zina pafupifupi 150 za Nyanja Yakuda.
