Yatsani chithunzi cha mbalame mbalame nthawi zambiri amasokonezedwa ndi khwimbi, ndipo zowonadi, mbalame ndizofanana modabwitsa. Kusiyanitsa pakati pawo kumawonekera kokha pamene ali pafupi - coccyx yaying'ono kwambiri kuposa khanda, ngakhale, malinga ndi lingaliro la sayansi, ndi ndendende pamtundu wa mphamba.
Komanso, mbalame zamphongo nthawi zambiri zimasokonezedwa ndi kestrel ndi mbalame zina zazikulu kwambiri, koma, monga lamulo, izi zimachitika ndi anthu omwe sanawonepo mbalame zazing'ono izi, zomwe zimapezeka pafupifupi kulikonse, kuchokera ku Europe kupita ku Far East, komwe kumakhala subspecies a mbalamezi. - Mphungu ya Amur, yomwe imasiyana ndi mitundu ikuluikulu kokha.
Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala mbalame kobchik
Liti malongosoledwe a mbalame, kaŵirikaŵiri amafanizidwa ndi mwana wamphongo. Zowonadi zake ndizofanana, koma ana aamuna amakhala ocheperako ndipo amakhala ndi mapiko ang'onoang'ono ndi m'lifupi mwake.
Kukula kwa mbalamezo ndi masentimita 27-34 okha, ndi kulemera kwa magalamu 135 mpaka 200. Kutalika kwa mapiko a mbalameyi kumakhala pakati pa 24 mpaka 35 cm, ndipo kutalika kwake kumayambira 60 mpaka 75 cm.
Ngakhale, mbalame – wolusa mbalame, ili ndi mulomo wofooka kwambiri komanso wamfupi, womwe ndi mawonekedwe apadera a kabawe kakang'onoyu, komanso utoto wake. Amuna amphongo amakhala otuwa mdima, pafupifupi akuda, pamimba pamiyendo yofiira, mathalauza ndi chakudya.
Mbalame zowala kwambiri komanso zokongola, zina zowopsa komanso zozizwitsa. Mwina ndichifukwa chake ansembe achikunja ankakonda kuweta fining.
Akazi samakongoletsedwa mowolowa manja mwachilengedwe, amakhala amphaka, ofiira, abulauni, okhala ndi zipsera kumbuyo, mchira ndi mapiko ndi "tinyanga" todera pakamwa. Misomali ya amuna ndi akazi imakhala yoyera kapena yofiirira.
Subpecies ya Amur imakhala yowala kwambiri ndipo imakongoletsedwa ndi masaya oyera oyera opangidwa ndi nthenga zofewa. Ponena za malo okhala, mbalamezi zimakonda kukhala m'nkhalango, komanso kunja kwa mapiri, komwe kuli ndege ndi chakudya.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa mbalame mbalameyi
Kakang'ono nkhono fawn amakhala ndi moyo wosamukasamuka, ndipo mbalamezi zimauluka kupita kumalo osungira nyama ndikuwuluka kukakhala nyengo yozizira m'magulu, ngakhale ziweto zouluka sizomwe zimachitika ndi mphamba.
Nkhandwe zimachokera ku Western Europe kupita ku Amur, ndipo zimawulukira ku Africa ndi kumwera kwa Asia m'nyengo yozizira. Mbalame zimafika kumapeto kwa Epulo, koyambirira kwa Meyi, ndipo zimauluka msanga - mu Seputembara.
Chisa zosafunikira kwenikweni, monga nyumba zomwe mbalamezi zimakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zisa zakale za mbalame zina, zimakhazikika m maenje ngakhale m'manda, mwachitsanzo, zotsalira ndi akalulu.
Ma falconi ang'onoang'ono ndi mbalame zosunthira, ntchito yawo imayamba pakutuluka kwa dzuwa ndikutha madzulo. Mbalamezi zimakhala m'magulu, zomwe sizachilendo kwa nkhandwe, koma pamalo abwino kwa iwo, madera amatha kuphatikiza magulu angapo ndikufikira mbalame zoposa 100.
Ngakhale, fawn komanso chikhalidwe cha ma falcons onse, makamaka kwa abale, abwenzi komanso makamaka chisa, samaphatikizidwa. Chifukwa chake, mutha kugwira ndikuweta ana pafupifupi nthawi iliyonse, osayesa kupeza mwana wankhuku.
Komabe, sikoyenera kuyesayesa kuyimitsa yamphongo nthawi yakusakanizira mazira ake ndi wamkazi, chifukwa lingaliro la udindo mu amphaka amphongo limapangidwa bwino.
Mwambiri, mbalamezi zimakhala zosinthasintha, koma zimakonda kuuluka. M'nthawi zakale, nkhaniyi idathetsedwa ndikudula mapiko. Komabe, pali zitsanzo zingapo pomwe anthu adakweza mbalame yovulala, kuyiyamwa ndikuimasula, ndipo khwimbi adabweranso, atadya nyama.
Chakudya cha mbalame chofiira
Kobchik — mbalameamene amakonda "mapuloteni oyera" pazakudya zawo. Ndiye kuti, mphamba zazing'ono zimasaka agulugufe, kafadala, ndi tizilombo tina tambiri. M'madera omwe amakhala, ku Africa, mbalame zimathamangitsa dzombe.
Pachithunzicho mwana wamkazi wamkazi
Komabe, pakalibe tizilombo, nsombazi zimasuntha makoswe ang'onoang'ono - mbewa zimakhala zosakhalitsa pakadyedwe kake, komanso, mbalame zimatha kudya abuluzi kapena njoka zazikulu kwambiri. Samakhalanso achilendo posaka mbalame zing'onozing'ono, monga mpheta.
Kuvulaza mbalame mbalame pakuti mbewu zakumunda sizimangokhala kulibe, koma m'malo mwake, dera lotere limapindulitsa mbewuyo. Mbalame zazing'ono sizingowononga kafadala ndi dzombe, komanso sizilola mbalame zomwe zimatha kuthyola mbewu m'gawo lawo.
Akasungidwa mu ukapolo, amphongo amadyetsedwa mofanana ndi mbalame zina zazikulu. M'malo mwake, mbalame zazing'ono izi, zikawasungira kunyumba, zimawonetsa kukonda komanso kukonzekera zakudya zosiyanasiyana.
Mchira wothamanga
Zachidziwikire, sizingadulilane, koma zimameza chidutswa cha chiwindi cha nkhumba kapena nkhuku yankhuku mosangalala kwambiri. Pali nthawi zina pamene mbalame zimadya soseji komanso pizza ndi chilakolako, koma chakudya chotere cha nkhono ndi chovulaza ndipo chidzafupikitsa moyo wake, kuwononga chimbudzi.
Kubalana ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa mbalameyi
Ankhandwe amayamba kukwerana nthawi yomweyo, atangofika kumene. Chifukwa chake, kale mu Meyi, mkaziyo amayamba kuwaswa anapiye. Chowotcheracho nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi mazira 3 mpaka 6, ndipo njira yolumikizira yokha imatenga masiku 25 mpaka 28.
Nthawi yomweyo, mkazi samasiya zowalamulira, nthawi yonseyi wamwamuna amamusamalira. Ndi nthawi yokometsera ana, pakusaka, mbalame zimalira ndikumva feline mawu.
Anapiye amayamba kuuluka koyamba kumayambiriro kwa Julayi, ndipo pofika pakati pa Ogasiti amakhala ataphunzitsanso luso lowuluka komanso luso la mlenje. Nthawi ikafika yoti tiwuluke m'malo otentha okhalamo nthawi yachisanu, mapere ang'onoang'ono amakhala odziyimira pawokha ndipo ali ndi ufulu wonse m'gulu.
Pachithunzicho, ana
Ankhandwe amakhala azaka zapakati pa 12 mpaka 16, atasungidwa kundende, amatha kukhala ndi moyo wautali. Mwachitsanzo, ku Africa, mbalame zingapo nthawi zambiri zimawetedwa nyengo iliyonse, chifukwa chake, zimapeza gulu lawo lomwe silimauluka ndikuteteza mbewu ku ziwombankhanga, ma voles ndi mbalame zazing'ono. Amphaka "apanyumba" otere amakhala zaka 18.
Pomaliza, ziyenera kudziwika kuti mbalamezi ndizodziwika padziko lonse lapansi monga mitundu yosawerengeka ndipo zimakhala ndi NT, ndiye kuti zatsala pang'ono kuwopsezedwa. Ikuphatikizidwa mu Zowonjezera ku Red Book mdziko lathu, komanso yoletsedwa kusaka mwalamulo.
