Pali nthano zambiri komanso nthano zambiri zomwe zimakhudzana ndi zachisomo nyama - nswala... Nthawi zambiri chithunzi cha ichi nswala za totem yokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe chachikazi, kukoma mtima, mgwirizano, koma nthawi yomweyo sichikhala ndi mtundu wina wamphamvu za ziwanda ndipo ndichobisika. Kodi nkhumba zamtundu wanji kwenikweni? Wachikondi komanso wosatetezeka, kapena wamphamvu komanso owopsa?
Mawonekedwe a Doe
Gwape woyimilira amaimiridwa ndi mitundu iwiri. Ambiri Mbawala yaku Europe, koma amakhulupirira kuti poyamba mitundu ya Iran yokha idalipo. Kukula kwa nyama yomwe ikukhala ku Europe kumafikira kutalika kwa masentimita 130-175 ndi masentimita 80-105 kutalika.
Amuna agwape kulemera 65-110 makilogalamu., Akazi 45-70 makilogalamu. Nyama ili ndi mchira, pafupifupi masentimita 20 m'litali, mutu wamphongo umakongoletsedwa ndi nyanga, zomwe zimatuluka mwa akulu.
Monga momwe zilili ndi mitundu ina ya gwape, wamkulu wamwamuna, amakula kanyanga kake. Amavala mpaka Epulo, kenako amaponyedwa, ndipo nyanga zatsopano, zopangidwa ndi njira ziwiri, zimayamba kukula pamutu. Mtundu wa nyama umadalira nyengo. M'nyengo yozizira, mutu ndi khosi zimakhala zofiirira, mbali ndi kumbuyo kumakhala zakuda kwathunthu, mbali yakumunsi ya thupi imvi.
M'chilimwe Doe amawoneka okongola kwambiri, monga momwe angaweruzidwe chithunzi - mawanga oyera oyera amawoneka pa malaya opepuka ammbali ndi kumbuyo, ndipo miyendo ndi mimba zimakhala pafupifupi zoyera.
Nthawi zambiri, pakati pa agwape, pali nyama zakuda kwathunthu (melanistic) kapena zoyera (albino), zomwe kuyambira nthawi zakale zimapatsidwa mphamvu ya ziwanda ndipo zimawerengedwa kuti ndizoyendetsa zochitika zosiyanasiyana.
Nyama zam'madzi zaku Iran sizimasiyana ndi azungu, pokhapokha amuna ake atakhala okulirapo pang'ono - mpaka 200 sentimita m'litali. Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya agwape, mwachitsanzo, gwape wofiira, gwape wamphongo ali ndi minofu yotukuka kwambiri, khosi ndi miyendo ndizofupikitsa.
Malo okhala agwape
Dziko lakwawo limadziwika kuti Mediterranean: Greece, Turkey, kumwera kwa France. Gwapeyo amakhala ku Central ndi Southern Europe, koma nyengo itasintha, gwapeyo adatsalira ku Asia Minor, ndikuyamba kubweretsedwa kwawo ndi anthu.
M'nthawi zakale, nyamayi inkatumizidwa ku Greece, Spain, Italy, kenako ku England ndi Central Europe. M'zaka za m'ma 13-16 zidakhala ku Eastern Europe - Latvia ndi Lithuania, Poland, gawo lakumadzulo kwa Belarus. Masiku ano nswala ndi zosowa kwambiri m'malo amenewa.
Mphalapala zinabweretsedwanso ku North ndi South America, Chile, Peru, Australia, Argentina, New Zealand, Japan, chilumba cha Madagascar. Pakadali pano, adasowa m'malo ambiri pamapu - anali atapita ku North Africa, Greece, Sardinia, Asia.
Pakadali pano, ziwombankhanga za ku Europe ndizoposa mitu 200 zikwi, ndipo Iran ndi mazana ochepa chabe ndipo ili mu Red Book. Gwape wogonera ndi nyama yakutchire, ndipo amakonda malo okhala ndi udzu wambiri, malo otseguka. Amakondanso zitsamba, udzu wambiri. Ngakhale, imatha kusintha mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana.
Moyo wa Doe
M'nyengo yotentha, mbawala zamphongo sizimasiyana, kapena m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Mphalapala zazaka zazing'ono zimayenda ndi amayi awo. Zochitika zimagwera m'mawa ozizirira m'mawa komanso madzulo, pomwe mbawala yamphongo imadya ndi kupita kubowo lothirira.
Nthawi yotentha yamasana, mbawala zogonera zimapuma pakama pawo, zomwe zimakonzedwa mumthunzi wa tchire, pafupi ndi madamu osiyanasiyana. Kumeneko amadzipulumutsa okha osati kutentha kokha, komanso ku udzudzu wosasangalatsa.
Agwape agalu si amanyazi kwambiri, samasamala kwambiri kuposa ena am'banjamo. Ngati nyama zimakhala m'mapaki, pafupi ndi anthu, zimangokhala zopanda manja ndipo zimatha kutenga chakudya m'manja.
Nthawi yozizira kwambiri, nyama zimayamba kusonkhana pagulu lalikulu, zazikazi ndi zazimuna zimakhala pamodzi. Munthawi imeneyi, chochitika china chochititsa chidwi kwambiri pagulu la mphalapala chimayambira - masewera amphawi ndi maukwati omwe amatsatira.
Polimbana ndi akazi, agwape nthawi zambiri amathyola khosi, nthawi zina ngakhale kwa iwo okha - amamenya nkhondo kwambiri. Zimachitika kuti otsutsa onse amamwalira, atsekedwa mwamphamvu ndi nyanga zawo.
Atamaliza ntchito yawo, atayika maziko a moyo watsopano, mbawala yamphongo imachoka ndikupatukana. Koma m'miyezi yozizira kwambiri, amakhala limodzi kuti adutse nthawi yovutayi ndi kampani yamwamuna.
Agwape samakonda kusiya gawo lawo, ndipo samakonda kupitirira malire amtundu wawo. Kusuntha kwawo kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumachepetsedwa m'njira zofananira. Nyama izi sizoyenera kuyenda mu chisanu chifukwa chamiyendo yawo yayifupi.
Koma chifukwa cha mphamvu yakumva kununkhira, amapeza mosavuta mizu ndi mosses pansi pake. Kumva kwawo kumalimbikitsidwa, koma masomphenya awo ndi ocheperako pang'ono. Ngakhale izi, agwape amatha kudziwa munthu ali patali ndi masitepe 300 ndipo ngati atakhala pachiwopsezo adzakhala ndi nthawi yothawa, kulumpha mosavuta zopinga mpaka mita ziwiri - izi ndi nyama zothamanga kwambiri komanso zoyenda. Mphalapala ndi osambira abwino, komabe, amapewa kulowa m'madzi mosafunikira.
Chakudya
Agwape ogona ndi odyetsa odyetserako ziweto. Chakudya chawo chimakhala ndi mbewu: masamba, nthambi, makungwa, udzu.
Kutengera ndi nyengo komanso kupezeka, agwape amadya zomera zosiyanasiyana. M'nyengo ya masika, amadya madontho a chipale chofewa, corydalis, anemone, mphukira zatsopano za rowan, mapulo, thundu, paini ndi zitsamba zosiyanasiyana.
M'nyengo yotentha, amadya bowa, zipatso zamtengo wapatali, mabokosi, zipatso, ma sedge, chimanga, nyemba ndi maambulera. M'nyengo yozizira, makamaka makungwa a mitengo ndi nthambi zake, zomwe sizipindulitsa nkhalango. Kuti abwezeretse nkhokwe zawo, agwape amafunafuna dothi lokhala ndi mchere wambiri.
Anthu omwe akufuna kuchulukitsa agwape m'malo ena a nkhalango amawapangira zophukira zamchere, zomwe zimadyetsa udzu ndi tirigu. Kuphatikiza apo, anthu amapanganso malo odyetserako ziweto, pomwe clover, lupine, artichoke yaku Yerusalemu ndi zitsamba zina zimakula.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Mu Seputembala, mphalapala imayamba nthawi yayitali, ndipo imatha pafupifupi miyezi iwiri ndi theka. Amayi samatenga nawo gawo pa "chiwonetsero" chachimuna, koma amuna amavutika kwambiri panthawiyi osati chifukwa cha ndewu zowopsa, komanso chifukwa chakusowa chakudya.
Amataya kulemera kwambiri, ndikuponyera mphamvu zawo zonse kuphimba akazi ambiri momwe angathere. Amuna amafuula lipenga mokweza, kufunsa ufulu wawo kudera lino, komanso akazi omwe amadyapo.
Amakhala okwiya kwambiri, aukali ndipo amalephera kusamala komanso kukhala tcheru. Akuluakulu ndi amuna olimba, atalowa gulu la akazi, amathamangitsa achinyamata osafooka, ndipo achichepere a chaka amakhala kutali ndi makolo awo kuti abwererenso kwa makolo awo pambuyo pake. Mu nyengo imodzi, yamphongo imaphimba akazi 5-10.
Kuchita mimba kumatenga miyezi 7.5-8, ndipo mu Meyi, nthawi zambiri mwana m'modzi amabadwa. Pafupifupi miyezi inayi amadya mkaka, pang'onopang'ono ndikusinthana ndi chakudya cha achikulire. Ali ndi zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu, ng'ombe imayamba kukhwima. Kutalika kwa moyo wa nswala zokongolazi ndi pafupifupi zaka 25-30.
