Beaver ndi nyama yachilendo. Ena ambiri amamanga zisa kapena maenje, koma beaver adapita patsogolo ndikukhala mainjiniya. Chifukwa cha luso lawo la uinjiniya ndi mawonekedwe apadera, nyamazi zimatha kuletsa mtsinjewu ndi damu lenileni. Komanso, damu la beaver siligwirizana kwenikweni ndi kukula kwa nyama imeneyi.
Beaver ndi wodula nkhuni wopangidwa ndi chilengedwe chomwecho. Zitsulo zake zakuthwa zimakhala ngati macheka ndipo zimakwaniritsidwa bwino ndi nsagwada zolimba ndi minofu yamphamvu. Izi ndizomwe zimalola ma beaver kudula mitengo, pomwe madamu ndi omwe amatchedwa "nyumba" adzapangidwenso pambuyo pake.
Mphamvu ndi luso la beaver liyeneranso kutchulidwa mwapadera: chinyama ichi chimatha kusuntha maulendo 10 kuposa kulemera kwake tsiku limodzi, chomwe chimafanana ndi pafupifupi 220-230 kg. M'chaka, beaver imodzi imatha kugwetsa mitengo yopitilira mazana awiri.
Ngati beavers ali ndi mitengo yokwanira, amatha kukulitsa damu lawo ndi mita zingapo tsiku lililonse.
Zotsatira zakuwonongeka kotereku ndikuti madera ozungulira akusintha kwambiri. Komabe, beavers samangokhala pakalipentala kokha. Amachitanso zochitika zapansi pamadzi nthawi zonse kusonkhanitsa zidutswa za miyala, miyala ndikukumba matope: mwanjira imeneyi akuyesera kuti apange dziwe momwe damu la beaver limayendera mozama. Chifukwa chake, malo okhala ma beavers amakula kwambiri.
Kodi damu lalikulu kwambiri la beaver ndi liti?
Poganizira kuti ma beavers ali ndi chizolowezi chomanga ndi magwiridwe antchito awo, ndikosavuta kungoganiza kuti m'malo ena, sangangokonzanso mawonekedwe amderali, komanso kumanga nyumba yayikulu.
Izi ndizomwe zidachitika ku Buffalo National Park (Canada). Beavers okhala kumeneko adayamba kumanga damu lakale mzaka za m'ma 70 za m'ma XX. Ndipo kuyambira pamenepo, sipanakhalepo chithunzi choti "ntchito yawo yayitali" yatha. Zotsatira zake, kukula kwake kudakulirakulira, ndipo pomaliza kuyeza damu ya beaver, kutalika kwake kunali pafupifupi mita 850. Uku ndikukula kwa minda eyiti ya mpira itaphatikizidwa.
Ikhoza ngakhale kuwonedwa kuchokera mlengalenga, ndipo kuti muthe kulingalira kukula kwake mukakhala pansi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera, monga helikopita. Pofuna kudziwa bwino dziwe lalikulu la beaver, oyang'anira pakiyi adamanga ngakhale flyover yapadera.
Kuyambira pamenepo, akukhulupirira kuti damu ili ndiye lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ngakhale nthawi zina pamakhala malipoti azomangamanga zokulirapo kuposa kilomita imodzi.
Ponena za madamu wamba a beaver, kutalika kwake kumakhala pakati pa khumi modzichepetsa mpaka mazana zana. Zojambula zam'mbuyomu zidamangidwa ndi ma beavers pa Mtsinje wa Jefferson ndipo anali achidule pafupifupi 150 mita.
Damu lalikulu kwambiri la beaver linapezedwa liti komanso motani
Zomwe tazitchulazi sizinalembedwe kwa zaka pafupifupi makumi anayi. Mulimonsemo, ogwira ntchito ku Buffalo Park, podziwa kuti ma beavers akumanga dziwe, sanadziwe ngakhale kukula kwake. Ndipo zakuti dziwe limamangidwa kale mzaka za 70 zidawonekera pazithunzi zomwe zidatengedwa nthawi imeneyo ndi satellite.
Zinapezeka ndi akunja kwathunthu pogwiritsa ntchito mapu a Google Earth. Kupeza komweko kunalinso kwangozi, popeza wofufuzirayo anali kusanthula kusungunuka kwa madzi oundana m'madera aku North Canada.
Zitha kuwoneka zachilendo kwa ena kuti dziwe lalikululi silinazindikiridwe kwanthawi yayitali, koma ziyenera kudziwika kuti gawo la Buffalo Park ndilabwino kwambiri ndipo limaposa dera la Switzerland. Kuphatikiza pa izi, damu la beaver, limodzi ndi omwe amamanga, lili m'malo osafikika kotero kuti anthu ambiri samangopita kumeneko.
Kodi akumanga damu lalikulu kwambiri la beaver akutani tsopano?
Zikuwoneka kuti ma beavers aimitsa kaye ntchito yomanga zida zawo zazikulu ndipo akukulitsa madamu ena awiri, omwe si akulu kwambiri. Madamu onsewa amakhala "pambali" pachinthu chachikulu, ndipo ngati ma beavers agwirapo ntchito mwachangu monga pano, ndiye kuti patatha zaka zochepa madamu aziphatikizana, ndikusandulika kopitilira kilomita imodzi.
Tiyenera kuvomereza kuti palibe nyama ina yomwe imasintha malo ozungulira ngati beaver. Ndi anthu okha omwe adakwanitsa kuchita bwino kwambiri izi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ma Aborigine aku America nthawi zonse amalemekeza ma beavers mwapadera ndikuwatcha "anthu ang'onoang'ono."
Kodi madamu a beaver ndi owopsa kapena othandiza?
Zotsatira zake, madamu a beaver amatenga gawo lofunikira osati m'moyo wa mbewa izi, komanso mbalame zosamuka.
Komanso, kafukufuku wasayansi akuwonetsa kuti ndizofunikira makamaka kwa mbalame zosamuka, kuchuluka kwake kumadalira madamu. Ngakhale zimatenga mitengo yambiri kuti amange madamu, zomwe ntchito ya beaver pamtunduwu ndiyabwino.
Mbalame zam'madzi, mitsinje ndi zachilengedwe zam'mitsinje zimapindula kwambiri ndi madamu a beaver. Chifukwa cha madamuwo, madera atsopano okhala ndi madamu amawonekera, pomwe ziphuphu zatsopano zimawonekera pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbalame ziziberekana.
Pali chifukwa chokhulupilira kuti kuchuluka kwa mbalame zoyimba zosamukira kumayiko ena zikuchepa chifukwa chosowa madamu a beaver. Mulimonsemo, mabanja ochuluka a beavers akamanga nyumba zawo mdera linalake, ndiosiyanasiyana komanso ochulukirapo adzakhala mbalame zanyimbo mderali. Kuphatikiza apo, izi zidawonekera kwambiri m'malo ouma kwambiri.
Malinga ndi asayansi, makina amtsinje asokonekera posachedwa. Zambiri zakufunika kwa madamu a beaver kuti abwezeretsedwe zikusonyeza kuti ngati ma beavers aloledwa kuchita zachilengedwe, izi zibwezeretsa chilengedwe ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mbalame.
Komabe, anthu amaonabe kuti beavers ndi tizilombo toononga, chifukwa amadula mitengo ndipo nthawi zambiri amasefukira malo okhala anthu okhala mmenemo. Ndipo ngati koyambirira mamiliyoni a nyemba ankakhala m'magawo aku North America, ndiye atayamba kusaka nyama zambiri adatsala pang'ono kuwonongedwa, ndipo madamu a beaver adasowa pafupifupi kulikonse. Malinga ndi akatswiri a zinyama ndi akatswiri azachilengedwe, ma beavers ndi mtundu wa akatswiri azachilengedwe. Ndipo poganizira kuti chilala chachikulu chikhoza kubwera ndikusintha kwanyengo, ma beavers amatha kukhala njira yothanirana ndi izi ndikukhala chipululu.
