Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Apollo ali m'gulu la mitundu yokongola kwambiri ya agulugufe masana ku Europe - oimira owala kwambiri pabanja la Sailboats. Tizilomboto timachita chidwi kwambiri ndi akatswiri azachilengedwe chifukwa timakhala ndi mitundu yambiri yazachilengedwe.
Masiku ano, pali mitundu pafupifupi 600. Kufotokozera kwa gulugufe wa Apollo: Zowoneratu zimakhala zoyera, nthawi zina zonona, zokhala ndi malire owonekera. Kutalika kwake kumakhala masentimita anayi.
Zotsekerazo zimakongoletsedwa ndi mawanga ofiira owoneka bwino ndi lalanje okhala ndi malo oyera okhala ndi mzere wakuda, monga tawonera chithunzi. Gulugufe wa Apollo ili ndi mapiko otalika masentimita 6.5-9. Pamutu pali tinyanga tating'onoting'ono tomwe tili ndi zida zapadera zomwe zimamvekera zinthu zosiyanasiyana.
Maso ovuta: osalala, akulu, okhala ndi ma tubercles ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi ma bristles. Miyendo yonyezimira, yopyapyala komanso yayifupi, yokutidwa ndi ma villi abwino. Mimba ndi yaubweya. Kuphatikiza pa zachizolowezi, pali gulugufe wakuda apollo: kukula kwake pakati ndi mapiko otalika mpaka masentimita sikisi.
Mnemosyne ndi imodzi mwazinthu zodabwitsa zokhala ndi mapiko oyera oyera, owonekera bwino m'mbali, okongoletsedwa ndi mawanga akuda. Mtundu uwu umapangitsa gulugufe kukhala wosangalatsa modabwitsa.
Oimirawa ndi a Lepidoptera. Achibale ochokera kubanja la Sailboats amaphatikizaponso Podaliria ndi Machaon, omwe amakhala ndi mipira yayitali pamapiko akumbuyo.
Pachithunzichi, gulugufe apollo mnemosyne
Gulugufe amakhala m'mapiri pamalo amphepo yamiyala, zigwa zomwe zili pamtunda wopitilira makilomita awiri pamwamba pa nyanja. Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka ku Sicily, Spain, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Alps, Mongolia ndi Russia. Mitundu ina ya agulugufe okwera kwambiri omwe amakhala kumapiri a Himalaya amakhala pamalo okwera 6,000 pamwamba pa nyanja.
Chojambula chosangalatsa ndikuwonanso kokongola kwambiri ndi Arctic apollo. Gulugufe ili ndi mapiko akutali kutalika kwa 16-25 mm. Kumakhala tundra yamapiri ndi masamba osauka komanso ochepa, ku Khabarovsk Territory ndi Yakutia, mdera loyandikira chipale chofewa.
Nthawi zina imasamukira kwanuko kupita kumalo komwe kumamera mitengo ya larch. Monga mukuwonera pachithunzichi, Apollo arctic ili ndi mapiko oyera okhala ndi malo akuda. Popeza kuti mitunduyo ndiyosowa, biology yake siyinaphunzirepo.
Pachithunzicho gulugufe apollo arctic
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Akatswiri a zamoyo, apaulendo komanso ochita kafukufuku akhala akufotokoza kukongola kwa mitundu iyi ya gulugufe m'mawu andakatulo komanso owoneka bwino kwambiri, osirira kuthekera kwake kosuntha mapiko ake. Gulugufe wamba wa Apollo wokangalika masana, ndipo amabisala muudzu usiku.
Pakadali pano akamva zoopsa, amayesa kuthawa ndikubisala, koma nthawi zambiri, popeza zimauluka moipa, amachita zovuta. Komabe, kutchuka kwa ntchentche yoyipa sikungamulepheretse kuyenda makilomita asanu patsiku kufunafuna chakudya.
Gulugufe ameneyu amapezeka m'miyezi yachilimwe. Tizilomboto timakhala ndi chitetezo chodabwitsa motsutsana ndi adani ake. Mawanga owala pamapiko ake amaopseza adani, omwe amatenga mtundu wa poyizoni, motero mbalame sizimadya agulugufe.
Poopseza adani ndi mitundu yawo, kuwonjezera apo, Apollo imamveka molira ndi zikopa zawo, zomwe zimawonjezera zomwezo, zomwe zimapangitsa mdani kusamala ndi tizilombo timeneti. Masiku ano, agulugufe ambiri okongola akuopsezedwa kuti atha.
Apollo nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'malo awo wamba, komabe, chifukwa cha kusaka nyama, kuchuluka kwa tizilombo kumachepa mwachangu. Pakatikati mwa zaka zapitazo, gulugufe anali atasowa kwathunthu kumadera a Moscow, Tambov ndi Smolensk. Osaka nyama mozemba amakopeka ndi mawonekedwe agulugufe komanso maluwa ake okongola.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa agulugufe kukuvuta chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa magawo awo odyetserako anthu. Vuto lina ndikumvetsetsa kwa mbozi ku dzuwa komanso kusankha zakudya.
Chiwerengero cha tizilombo timene tikuchepa makamaka m'zigwa za Europe ndi Asia. MU Buku Lofiira gulugufe apollo adalowa m'maiko ambiri, chifukwa amafunikira chitetezo ndi chitetezo.
Njira zikutengedwa kuti zibwezeretse kuchepa kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono: zikhalidwe zakukhalapo ndi magawo azakudya akupangidwa. Tsoka ilo, zochitikazo sizinabweretse zotsatira zowoneka.
Chakudya
Mbozi za agulugufe amenewa ndi ovuta kwambiri. Ndipo zikangotuluka, nthawi yomweyo amayamba kudyetsa kwambiri. Koma ndi chidwi chachikulu amatenga masambawo, makamaka okha, sedum komanso okhazikika, ndikuchita ndi kususuka kowopsa. Ndipo kudya masamba onse a chomeracho nthawi yomweyo kumafalikira kwa ena.
Zipangizo zam'kamwa mwa mbozi zimakhala zong'ung'udza, ndipo nsagwada zake ndizamphamvu kwambiri. Kulimbana ndi mayamwidwe a masamba, amayang'ana atsopano. Mbozi za Arctic Apollo, zomwe zimabadwira m'malo omwe mulibe zakudya zambiri, zimadya chomera cha Gorodkov ngati corydalis.
Akuluakulu a tizilombo, monga agulugufe onse, amadyetsa timadzi tokoma tomwe timamera. Njirayi imachitika mothandizidwa ndi chiboliboli chooneka ngati chozungulira, chomwe gulugufe akatenga timadzi tokoma, amatambasula ndikufutukuka.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Apollo amaswana m'miyezi yotentha. Gulugufe wamkazi amatha kuyala pamasamba azomera kapena milu, mpaka mazira mazana angapo. Ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira ndi utali wozungulira wa millimeter, ndipo ndi osalala bwino. Mbozi imaswa m'mazira awo pakati pa Epulo ndi Juni. Mphutsi ndizobiriwira zakuda ndimitundu yaying'ono ya lalanje.
Pambuyo pake pamene mphutsi zaswa, zimayamba kudya. Ayenera kupeza mphamvu zambiri kuti asinthe zina. Pamene agulugufe amayika machende awo pansi pazomera, mbozi nthawi yomweyo imadzipezera chakudya. Amakhala okhuta komanso amakula malinga ngati akukwana chipolopolo chawo.
Pachithunzicho, mbozi ya gulugufe la Apollo
Kenako ndondomeko molting akuyamba, amene amapezeka mpaka kasanu. Pakukula, mboziyo imagwa pansi ndikusandulika chiboliboli. Ili ndiye gawo logona la tizilombo, momwe limasunthira kwathunthu. Ndipo mbozi yonyansa komanso yonenepa imasanduka gulugufe wokongola m'miyezi iwiri. Mapiko ake amauma ndipo amanyamuka kukafunafuna chakudya.
Njira yofananayo imachitika mobwerezabwereza. Kutalika kwa moyo wa Apollo kuchokera ku mphutsi mpaka kufikira wamkulu kumatenga nyengo ziwiri za chilimwe. Atayikidwa ndi gulugufe wamkulu, mazirawo amabisala, ndipo kenaka, atasintha mosiyanasiyana, amasandulika agulugufe, ndikumakoka owazungulira ndi kukongola kwawo.
