Parrot cockate ang'ono ndi ochezeka - zina mwa ziweto zabwino kwambiri za okonda mbalame. Ndiwanzeru kwambiri komanso odekha, pomwe ndizosangalatsa kucheza nawo, ndipo amakonda anthu, komanso, amatha kukhala ndi moyo nthawi yayitali, m'malo abwino mpaka zaka 25. Mwachilengedwe, amakhala ku Australia kokha, koma mu ukapolo amasungidwa pafupifupi kulikonse.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Parrot Corella
Zinyama zoyambilira zoyambirira zidawonekera pafupifupi zaka 55-60 miliyoni zapitazo - kutha kwake komwe kudachitika kumapeto kwa nyengo ya Cretaceous. Kenako, zamoyo zambiri zomwe zimakhalapo padziko lapansi zidasowa ndipo, monga nthawi zonse pambuyo pa zoopsa zoterezi, mitundu yotsalayi idayamba kusintha ndikugawika kuti ikwaniritse zachilengedwe zomwe zidalibe.
Zotsalira zakale kwambiri za zinkhwe zimapezeka ku Europe - panthawiyo nyengo yake inali yotentha komanso yabwino kwa mbalamezi. Koma mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zamakono sizinachokere ku mzere wawo wa ku Ulaya - zimawerengedwa kuti zatha, koma kuchokera ku nthambi ina.
Kanema: Corella
Momwe kukula kwa mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe sikunakhazikitsidwe kwatsimikizika bwino, ngakhale kuti zotsalira zazambiri zikupezeka, chithunzicho chimakhala chokwanira kwambiri - ndizosangalatsa kuti zonse zoyambirira zimapezeka makamaka kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi, ngakhale ma parrot amakono amakhala makamaka kumwera.
Zatsimikiziridwa kuti gawo laubongo, chifukwa chake mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zimatha kutengera kamvekedwe ka anthu ena, mwachitsanzo, malankhulidwe a anthu, zidawonekera zaka 30 miliyoni zapitazo. Kwenikweni, pamaso pa mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe pamaso pawo - pafupifupi zaka 23-25 miliyoni zadutsa kuyambira mtundu woyamba wamakono.
Zakale izi zitha kudziwika kale kuti ndizofanana ndi ma cockatoos amakono - mwina mitundu yakale kwambiri yamapiko. Zambiri zinachitika patapita nthawi. Ndi kubanja la cockatoo komwe mtundu ndi mitundu ya mbalame zimakhala. Analandira kufotokoza kwa sayansi mu 1792 ndi katswiri wazachilengedwe waku Britain R. Kerr. Dzina la mitundu mu Chilatini ndi Nymphicus hollandicus.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Corella
Corella si chinkhwe chachikulu, chimafikira 30-35 sentimita m'litali, ndipo theka ndi mchira. Imalemera magalamu 80 mpaka 150. Mchira nthawi zambiri umadziwika - ndi wautali komanso wosongoka. Chizindikiro china ndichokwera kwambiri, chimatha kukwezedwa kapena kutsitsidwa, zimatengera mtundu wa mbalameyo.
Nthambi imakhala yowala kwambiri mwa amuna. Mutu ndi mphako zawo zajambulidwa ndimayendedwe achikaso, mawanga a lalanje amaonekera pamasaya, ndipo thupi ndi mchira ndi maolivi ndi imvi. Mwa akazi, onse mutu ndi mphako ndi otuwa, monga thupi lenilenilo, koma ndikumdima, makamaka pansipa - kamvekedwe kitha kufikira bulauni.
Pamasaya awo, mawanga sakhala lalanje, koma abulauni. Amadziwikanso ndi mawanga achikasu otumbululuka ndi mikwingwirima pa nthenga ndi mchira wa nthenga - kulibe amuna. Mlomo wa cockatiel ndi waufupi. Ma parrot achichepere onse amawoneka ngati akazi, motero kumakhala kovuta kuzindikira amuna.
Pafupifupi chaka chimodzi kubadwa kwa mphalapalayo, amafanana achikulire amtundu wawo. Izi zisanachitike, amuna amatha kudziwika ndi machitidwe awo okha: nthawi zambiri amakhala achangu kwambiri, mokweza - amakonda kuyimba ndikumenyetsa khola, ndipo amakula mwachangu. Akazi amakhala odekha.
Zomwe tafotokozazi zidafotokoza mtundu womwe ma cockatiel anali nawo m'chilengedwe, ena ambiri adasungidwa mu ukapolo, mwachitsanzo, ziweto zoyera ndi ngale, zakuda, zakuda motley ndi imvi, ndipo zina ndizofala.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwezi zimakonda kuuluka, chifukwa chake, zikasungidwa mu ukapolo, zimayenera kutulutsidwa mchikwere kuti zizitha kuwuluka mozungulira nyumbayo, kapena kuyikidwa mu khola lalikulu kuti zizitha kuzichita mkati.
Kodi Corella amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Corella ku Australia
Mwachilengedwe, amakhala kokha kontinenti imodzi - Australia, yomwe nyengo yawo ili yabwino kwa iwo, ndipo pali zolusa zochepa zomwe mbalame zazing'onozi zimagwira ngati nyama zawo. Kuchotsa ma cockatiels apakhomo kumayiko ena sikumasinthidwa kukhala zachilengedwe ndikufa.
Choyambirira, izi zimagwiranso ntchito kwa ziweto zomwe zimasungidwa kumalo ozizira - zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri nyengo ndipo sizingathe kupulumuka ngakhale nthawi yophukira kapena masika, osatinso nthawi yozizira. Koma ngakhale zitathawa m'malo otentha, zimagwidwa mwachangu ndi mbalame zodya nyama.
Ku Australia, sanapezeke pagombe: amakonda kukhala mkatikati mwa dzikolo munyengo youma. Komabe, sizachilendo kupeza malo okhala m'mbali mwa nyanja kapena mitsinje. Koma nthawi zambiri amakhala m'mapiri audzu, pa tchire lalikulu, mitengo, yodzaza ndi miyala. Amapezeka m'mapululu.
Amakonda malo ndi malo otseguka, chifukwa chake samalowa m'nkhalango, koma amathanso kukhazikika m'mphepete mwa nkhalango za eucalyptus. Ngati chaka chimauma, amasonkhana pafupi ndi madzi osungidwa. Ma cockatiels ambiri amakhala mu ukapolo, komwe amaberekanso. Amakonda kusunga ma parrot ku North America, Europe, ndi Russia, mutha kuwapeza m'maiko aku Asia. Ukapolo uli ndi ambiri motero kuti ndizovuta kunena komwe kuli ena - mwachilengedwe kapena mwa anthu.
Kodi Corella amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Parrot Corella
Zakudya za mbalameyi mu chilengedwe zimaphatikizapo:
- mbewu;
- dzinthu;
- zipatso;
- timadzi tokoma;
- tizilombo.
Kumtchire, amakonda kudya mbewu kapena zipatso za mitengo yazipatso, samaganizanso kudya timadzi tokoma tomwe timatulutsa zipatso - mitengoyi ikaphuka, mumatha kupeza ma cockatiel ambiri. Amakhala pafupi ndi kasupe wamadzi, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amafunika kuthetsa ludzu lawo. Nthawi zina amatha kukhala ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: ngati malo olimapo ali pafupi, magulu ankhandwe amawachezera ndikuseka tirigu kapena zipatso. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri sagwirizana ndi alimi. Kuphatikiza pa zomera, amafunikanso chakudya chamapuloteni - amagwira ndi kudya tizilombo tosiyanasiyana.
Mu ukapolo, cockatiel imadyetsedwa makamaka ndi tirigu, koma ndikofunikira kuti zakudya za parrot ndizoyenera malinga ndi mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya, zili ndi mavitamini angapo, ndipo pamapeto pake, simuyenera kudyetsa chiweto - magalamu 40 a chakudya ndikokwanira tsiku limodzi. Kawirikawiri mbalameyi imadyetsedwa makamaka ndi zosakaniza za tirigu kapena mbewu zomwe zimamera, koma masamba obiriwira ayenera kuwonjezeredwa. Mwachitsanzo, udzu winawake, sipinachi, chimanga, dandelion ndi nthambi zamitengo - spruce, paini, linden, birch, ndizothandiza. Corella amathanso kudya pa impso, mtedza.
Zipatso zokhala ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi gawo limodzi lazakudya zanyengo. Pafupifupi chilichonse ndi choyenera kwa iwo: maapulo, mapeyala, mananazi, nthochi, mapichesi, yamatcheri, mavwende, zipatso za citrus, zipatso za raspberries ndi strawberries kukwera m'chiuno ndi phulusa lamapiri. Zamasamba ndizoyeneranso pafupifupi onse omwe amakula m'minda yathu: nkhaka, kaloti, beets, turnips, zukini, biringanya, nandolo, dzungu, phwetekere.
Ndikofunika kupereka mtundu umodzi wokha wamasamba nthawi imodzi, koma pamwezi ndibwino ngati zakudya za mbalamezo ndizosiyanasiyana - motero zimalandira mavitamini osiyanasiyana. Ndibwino kuti mupachike choko wa mbalame mu khola, ndikuyika zowonjezera zomwe zimapangidwira mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe mu chakudya. Pomaliza, ayenera kupatsidwa nyama, mkaka, tchizi kapena mazira. Kuphatikiza pa mazira, mutha kudyetsa cockatiel ndimakeke, koma tiyenera kukumbukira kuti simungapereke mbale patebulo lanulo: nthawi zina mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zimawadya ndi chilakolako, kenako zimakhala zowavulaza. Pet amatha kufa ngati pali china chake chovulaza pakati pa zosakaniza.
Tsopano mukudziwa zomwe mungadyetse zinkhwe za Corella. Tiyeni tiwone momwe mbalamezi zimakhalira kuthengo.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Mkati wachimuna ndi chachimuna
Amaweta mwachangu, ndipo akayamba kuzolowera anthu, nthawi zambiri amadziphatika kwa iwo ndikukhala ziweto zenizeni, kupembedza chikondi ndi chisamaliro. Ngati amva, ndiye kuti ali mu ukapolo samva chisoni ndikubereka bwino. Ngakhale zigawenga zakutchire zimawopa anthu pang'ono: zikawopsedwa, zimatha kunyamuka kwakanthawi kochepa kapena kusamukira ku mtengo wapafupi, ndipo zikawona kuti munthu kapena nyama siziwachitira nkhanza, amabwerera. Izi nthawi zina zimawatsitsa: olusa ena amakonda kuzolowera, kenako ndikuwukira.
Mwachilengedwe, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zimenezi nthawi zambiri zimayendayenda. Nthawi zambiri zimauluka patali, koma pakatha zaka zochepa zimatha kuyenda mbali yayikulu yadzikoli. Amathamanga modabwitsa: amatha kuyenda pansi kapena kukwera nthambi zamitengo, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito luso limeneli, ngakhale zikuwoneka kuti likufulumira kufikira komwe akupita ali ndi mapiko.
Paulendo, ndege zingapo zamagulu omwe amakhala moyandikana amaphatikizana nthawi imodzi. Chowonetserako chimakhala chokongola: mbalame 100-150 nthawi yomweyo zimakwera kumwamba, ndipo, mosiyana ndi mbalame zazikulu, zimauluka popanda mapangidwe okhwima kupatula mphero, nthawi zambiri mtsogoleri amangoyimirira kutsogolo, kusankha njira, ndipo pambuyo pake aliyense amangouluka momasuka.
Chosangalatsa: Ngati mbalame ya parrot imabweretsedwa kuchokera kumadera otentha, poyamba iyenera kuyikidwa mchipinda china kwa mwezi umodzi. Munthawi imeneyi, amakuzolowera, ndipo zidzaonekeratu kuti alibe matenda aliwonse. Mukasunga ndi ziweto zina nthawi yomweyo, atha kutenga kachilomboka.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Kulankhula parrot Corella
Mbalame zophunzirira - zimakhala m'magulu, zimatha kukhala ndi zikopa zingapo, kuyambira khumi ndi ziwiri zazing'ono kwambiri, mpaka zana kapena kuposanso zazikulu kwambiri. Ma cockatiel opitilira zana ndi mtengo, kenako zimakhala zovuta kuti gululo lizidyetsa, ndipo limagawika m'magulu angapo. M'madera osauka, mtengowu ukhoza kukhala wocheperako, kenako kupatukana kumachitika gulu likakula mpaka mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe 40-60. Nthawi zina ma cockatiel amatha kukhala m'mabanja ang'onoang'ono a mabanja ochepa - koma nthawi zambiri mabanja angapo amakhala m'mitengo moyang'anizana, kuti onse athe kuonedwa ngati gulu limodzi.
Nthawi yoberekera ma cockatiel imayamba ndikayamba nyengo yamvula, chifukwa chakudyacho chimakula. Ngati chaka chimauma, ndiye kuti sizimaswana konse. Kwa zisa, amasankha opanda pakati pa nthambi zakuda za mitengo yakale kapena yowuma. Pali mazira 3-8 mu clutch, omwe amafunika kuti apangidwe kwa milungu itatu - makolo onse amachita izi mosiyanasiyana.
Ndi anapiye omwe akutuluka okha omwe alibe nthenga, amangokhala achikasu okha, ndipo amangolimba pakatha mwezi umodzi. Pambuyo powaswa, makolowo amawadyetsa ndikuwateteza, ndikupitiliza kuchita izi ngakhale ataphunzira kuuluka ndikusiya chisa - ndiponsotu, amakhalabe pagulu, ndipo makolo amadziwa awo. Kuyang'anira kumapitilira mpaka nthawi yomwe ma cockatiels achichepere amakula misinkhu yayikulu ndikukhala ndi ana awo. Anapiye amachoka pachisa pambuyo pa mwezi ndi theka atabadwa, pambuyo pake makolo awo amapanga clutch yachiwiri - nthawi zambiri imagwa koyamba mu Okutobala, ndipo yachiwiri mu Januware.
Ino ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri kwa iwo - muyenera kuyamba kutulutsa mazira, ndiyeno kudyetsa anapiye otsatira, ndipo nthawi yomweyo pitirizani kusamalira omwe adalipo kale. Ngakhale mwachilengedwe zisa zawo zili pamwamba, zikawasungidwa, nyumba yogona imatha kupachikidwa pamalo otsika. Iyenera kukhala yotakata - kutalika kwa 40 cm ndi cm 30. Pansi pake pali utuchi - muyenera kuyikapo zochulukirapo. Ndikofunika kuti chipinda chikhale chofunda komanso chopepuka, ndipo chakudya chambiri chiziperekedwa panthawiyi, apo ayi kuyala sikungachitike.
Adani achilengedwe a Corells
Chithunzi: Parrot wachikazi Corella
Palibe odyetsa ambiri ku Australia, koma makamaka amakhudza nthaka - mbalame zambiri zakomweko zimakonda kuyenda m'malo mouluka. Kwa mbalame zazing'ono ngati ma cockatiel, pamakhala zoopsa zambiri kumwamba: zimasakidwa makamaka ndi mbalame zodya nyama, monga mphamba wakuda ndi kakhweriti, chizolowezi, nkhono zofiirira.
Ma Parrot ndi otsika kwambiri kuposa mbalame zodyera mumathamangidwe othamanga ndipo sangathe kuzithawa, ngati awasankha kale ngati nyama. Amakhalanso ocheperako pamaganizidwe am'mutu, chifukwa chake amangodalira mawonekedwe amiseche - bokosi limodzi lokha limakhala nyama yolanda, silingathe kudzitchinjiriza kapena kuthawa.
Mu gulu lalikulu, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zimabalalika mbali zonse, chilombocho chimagwira chimodzi ndipo nthawi zambiri chimangokhala chochepa. Nthawi yomweyo, ma cockatiel sangatchedwe amantha: nthawi zambiri amakhala pama nthambi a mitengo kapena tchire, otseguka kuti amenyane nawo, amatha kutsikira, pomwe amakhala pachiwopsezo cha adani. Omwe nawonso samadana nawo, chifukwa kugwira ma cockatiel ndikosavuta kuposa mbalame zosamala kwambiri. Anthu nthawi zina amapindulanso ndi bata la mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe izi: amasakidwa ukapolo kenako kugulitsidwa, kapena chifukwa cha nyama - ngakhale pang'ono, koma ndizokoma, ndipo kuyandikira kwa mbalameyi ndikosavuta.
Alenje amangobwera, kuyesera kuti asawopsye nkhuku - nthawi zina iye, ngakhale kuwawona, amakhalabe m'malo ndikulola kuti amugwire. Ndipo ngakhale itachoka, itha kubwerera posachedwa - chifukwa cha chikhalidwe ichi, ma cockatiels ambiri amavutika, koma chifukwa cha iye amapanga ziweto zabwino.
Chosangalatsa: Ngati ma cockatiel nthawi zambiri samasiyana mwamantha, ndiye kuti pafupi ndi matupi amadzi amakhala osamala kwambiri - pamenepo amakumana ndi zoopsa zambiri, chifukwa chake samakhala pafupi ndikumwa madzi. M'malo mwake, amatsikira m'madzi molunjika, akumeza mwachangu ndipo nthawi yomweyo amanyamuka. Nthawi zambiri amafunikira maulendo angapo, pambuyo pake amangouluka mosavomerezeka.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Mbalame Corella
Mwachilengedwe, ma cockatiel ndiochulukirapo ndipo ndi amitundu yomwe sichiwopsezedwa kuti ithe - chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwawo sikukuwerengedwa. Koma sitinganene kuti alipo ambiri - akuwopsezedwa ndi zoopsa zingapo, kotero kuti kuchuluka kwa mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe, ngakhale ndizobereketsa mwachangu, kumakhala pafupifupi pamlingo wofanana.
Kuchuluka kwa ziwopsezo m'chilengedwe kumatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndikuti nthawi yayitali ya moyo wa nyama zakutchire ndi yocheperako poyerekeza ndi yoyamwitsa - poyambirira ndi zaka 8-10, ndipo zaka 15-20 zachiwiri.
Anthu achilengedwe akuwopsezedwa ndi zovuta izi:
- alimi akuwawononga chifukwa akuwononga minda;
- zinkhwe zambiri zimafa ndi mankhwala am’madzi;
- amasakidwa kuti agulitse kapena kudya;
- ngati mbalameyo ikudwala kapena kufooka pazifukwa zina, imayamba kugwidwa ndi chilombo;
- Nthawi zambiri moto umayaka moto m'nkhalango.
Zinthu zonsezi zimayang'anira kuchuluka kwa ma cockatiel m'chilengedwe. Pakadali pano, malo awo ambiri samakhudzidwa ndi anthu, chifukwa chake palibe chomwe chimawopseza anthu, koma pamene chikukula, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwezi zikhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo - komabe, izi sizichitika mzaka zikubwerazi.
Zosangalatsa: Corell amatha kuphunzitsidwa kuyankhula, koma ndizovuta. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kugula zazing'ono kwambiri, ndikuyamba kuphunzira nthawi yomweyo. Zitenga nthawi yayitali kubwereza mawu omwewo kapena mawu achidule, ndipo amakumbukira pang'ono, koma amatha kutsanzira osati mawu okha, komanso kulira kwa foni, kulira kwa zitseko ndi mamvekedwe ena.
Parrot cockate siyotchuka kwambiri monga ziweto - ndi mbalame zonyenga, zosavuta kuphunzitsira ndikuzolowera anthu. Kuwasunga kulinso kosavuta komanso kotchipa, koma amakhala okonzeka nthawi zonse kupanga kampani ndikukonda chidwi cha anthu. Chifukwa chake, aliyense amene akufuna kupeza parrot ayeneranso kulingalira za chiweto - cockatiel.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 13.07.2019
Idasinthidwa: 25.09.2019 pa 9:33
