Kodi dzina ili limachokera kuti - Cormorant? Zikuoneka kuti tinatengera mawuwa kuchokera ku chilankhulo cha Türkic, kotero adatcha bakha wofiira kapena ogar wodziwika bwino. Ndipo Atata amatcha atsekwe cormorants. Cormorant, komabe, amadziwika kuti ndi mbalame yosadyedwa, chifukwa cha kununkhira kwamphamvu kwa nsomba kuchokera pamtembo, komanso kuchuluka kwamafuta ochepa.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Baklan
Cormorant adachokera pagulu lanyamayi ndipo ndi am'banja la cormorant. Mbalame yam'madzi iyi ndi imodzi mwasaka zabwino kwambiri zam'madzi. Pali mitundu yoposa 30 ya cormorants, yafalikira padziko lonse lapansi! Ngakhale mdziko lathu lino mutha kupeza mitundu pafupifupi 6 ya mbalamezi.
Mayina a mitunduyo nthawi zambiri amatengera mawonekedwe akunja a mbalame, kapena malo awo, nazi zina zomwe zingakumbukiridwe makamaka:
- Great cormorant ndi mitundu yoyenda kwambiri, imakonda kuwuluka, imapezeka ku Russia, Europe, Africa ndi mayiko ena ambiri;
- Chijapani - chotchulidwa komwe amakhala;
- Crested - wotchulidwa chifukwa chodziwika bwino pamutu, cholembedwa mu Red Book;
- Zing'onozing'ono - zimatchulidwa chifukwa cha kukula kwake;
- Chubaty ndi cormorant wokhala pansi, amakhala kumwera kwa Africa. Mwa mawonekedwe, awa ndi maso ofiira ndi tuft;
- Omwe ali ndi nkhope zofiira - amakhala mokhazikika m'malo osowa m'nyanja ya Pacific. Khungu pamutu ndilopanda kanthu;
- Eared - amakhala ku North America, ndipo ali ndi nsidze pamwamba pamaso;
- Indian - dzina la malo okhala, ali ndi kulemera kocheperako - 1 kilogalamu;
- Bougainvillea - imawoneka ngati penguin;
- Galapagos - samauluka. Amakhala pazilumba ndipo amalemera mpaka 5 kilogalamu;
- White ndi imodzi mwamitundu yosowa kwambiri, yotchedwa chifukwa cha utoto wa nthenga zake;
- Auckland - dzina lake chifukwa chokhala kuzilumba za Auckland, ili ndi utoto wokongola komanso wakuda.
Chochititsa chidwi: palinso mitundu ina ya cormorants yomwe sinatheretu, iyi ndi Steller cormorant, siyinali mitundu youluka ndipo idafika makilogalamu 6 polemera.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Mbalame Cormorant
Cormorant wamba amalemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 2-3, chachimuna nthawi zonse chimakhala chachikulu kuposa chachikazi. Ziwombankhanga ndi zofiirira muutoto ndi nthenga zopepuka, pomwe achikulire ndi akuda ndipo ataponyedwa mkuwa kumbuyo, pali kalozero wachikaso kuzungulira maso. Tinthu tina tating'ono timakhala ndi mawanga oyera m'thupi. Palinso mitundu ya Cormorant, yomwe nthunzi zake zilinso ndi mitundu yakuda.
Cormorant imawoneka ngati tsekwe. Thupi la cormorant lalikulu limatha kukula mpaka masentimita 100, koma mapiko ake amakhala 150, omwe amawoneka osangalatsa kwambiri. Mlomo wa cormorant ndi wamphamvu, nthawi zambiri wachikasu komanso wopindika kumapeto, ngati loko kapena ndowe, amakhalanso ndi zikopa zazikulu ndi zingwe ndi khosi loyenda, izi zonse zidapatsa Cormorant kuti azisodza mosavuta.
Kanema: Cormorant
Imayenda m'mbali yamadzi mpaka 2 mita pamphindikati. Minofu imakhala ndi hemoglobin yayikulu, motero imatha kukhala m'madzi kwa mphindi zitatu. Amakhulupirira kuti nthenga za cormorants zimatha kuchotsa mpweya wochulukirapo, womwe umawathandiza kuti azimira mozama kwambiri, mpaka mita 15 kuya. Nthenga za cormorant zimauma modabwitsa, atasambira, amakhala pamphepete mwa nyanja ndikutambasula mapiko ake kuti aume msanga.
Cormorant imasaka mwanjira yachilendo, imatsata nyama, ili m'malo ozama pang'ono, kapena mutu umodzi wokha umatuluka, ikatsata chandamale, imadumphira mwakachetechete ndipo, ngati muvi, imamenya mnzake wosaukayo, kenako imathyola mphuno zake ndi mulomo wake ndikuwumeza. Liwu la cormorants ndilotsika komanso lakuya, zikuwoneka ngati akukuwa kapena kukuwa mopweteketsa mtima.
Chochititsa chidwi: cormorant ikuwoneka kuti ikuuluka pansi pamadzi, imatha kugwira ntchito osati ndi miyendo yokha, komanso ndi mapiko ake.
Kodi cormorant amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Cormorant nyama
Cormorant ndi mbalame yosamukasamuka, ndipo nsomba zikangotsikira posungira, zimauluka kupita kumalo otentha, nthawi zambiri ku Mediterranean kapena North Africa. Koma ma cormorants aku South Asia ali ndi mwayi, ali ndi nsomba zambiri, ndipo sizimatha, chifukwa chake samasuntha.
Cormorants akadikira kuti dziwe lomwe amakhala limazizira, amabisala m'malo ofunda, koma ndimayendedwe oyamba a ayezi amabwerera, zowonadi, nthumwi za mbalamezi sizingapezeke m'malo ozizira kwambiri padziko lapansi. A Cormorants amakhala padziko lonse lapansi ndikuwonetsa izi, nayi mndandanda wazomwe zimawonekera nthawi zambiri:
- Russia;
- Australia;
- Asia;
- Armenia;
- Azores;
- Zilumba za Canary;
- Nyanja ya Mediterranean;
- Greece;
- Algeria;
- Kumpoto kwa Africa;
- Azerbaijan;
- Nyanja ya Aral;
- America;
- Zilumba za Pacific.
M'mayiko aliwonse, ma cormorant amakhala ndi malingaliro apadera, mwa ena amaphedwa chifukwa chowononga, chifukwa ma cormorant nthawi zina amakhala osakondana, amatha kumenya bwato ndi nsomba ndikuiponya m'madzi, m'minda yamagulu achinsomba amadya gawo lamikango la nsomba.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: m'maiko ena, ku Asia, ma Cormorants amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ndodo yamoyo, modabwitsa, mphete imayikidwa pakhosi la mbalame, leash amangidwa ndikumasulidwa kuti ayambe kusaka, Cormorant ayamba kuwedza mwachizolowezi, koma sangathe kumeza chifukwa cha mphete iyi pakhosi! Zotsatira zake, nsombayo amatenga msodziyo ndipo mbalameyo imamasulidwa kuti isake. Ku Japan, mbalame zazikulu zimatengedwa kukasaka, koma ku China, m'malo mwake, zimakonda ana ndikuwaphunzitsa.
Kodi cormorant amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Cormorant ndi nsomba
Cormorant amadyetsa nsomba zokha ndikudyetsa anapiye ake, sizimakonda mtundu wina uliwonse, m'malo mwake, zimatengera komwe mbalame imakhalako. Atatengedwa ndi kusaka, amatha kumeza ndi mollusks, ndi achule, akamba komanso ngakhale nsomba zazinkhanira, makamaka, chilichonse chomwe chimalowa pakamwa posaka.
Cormorant imeza nsomba zazing'ono nthawi imodzi, ndikukweza mutu wake, koma zazikulu zimayenera kudyedwa pagombe, ngakhale milomo ya cormorant ndiyamphamvu, siyitha kuthana ndi kugwidwa kulikonse. Pali milandu yomwe cormorant imatha kumeza tizilombo tanthaka, njoka kapena buluzi, koma izi ndizochepa. Cormorant ndi mbalame yamasana, nthawi zambiri amasaka kawiri patsiku, munthu m'modzi nthawi yomweyo amadya pafupifupi magalamu 500 a nsomba, ndipo izi zimangokhala pakasaka kamodzi, kilogalamu imapezeka patsiku, koma zimachitika koposa, chifukwa cha kususuka kwawo sanakondwere nawo.
Nthawi zambiri kusaka kumachitika ndi abale awo, ziwombankhanga, zimawedza pamwamba pamadzi, ndipo zimadya kwambiri. A Cormorants amasaka, okha komanso gulu la ziweto, amangosaka nyama ya nsomba ndikuyiyendetsa m'madzi osaya, kwinaku akugwedeza mapiko awo pamwamba pamadzi, m'malo osasunthika omwe akuchita kale mopanda chifundo.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: kukonza chimbudzi, cormorants amatha kudya miyala yaying'ono.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Cormorant wakuda
Cormorants, atapeza mawanga a nsomba, amabwerera kumeneko nthawi zonse. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti cormorant imatha kusaka ndikukhala pafupi ndi madzi am'nyanja ndi madzi abwino, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa iwo ndi chisa pafupi ndi dziwe. Mitundu yaying'ono ya mbalamezi imatha kukhala ngakhale pamitengo, kukhala ndi mphamvu zazikulu chifukwa cha kukula kwake.
Cormorant siwosankha posankha malo oti amange chisa, amatha kuzipota pamitengo ndi pamiyala, m'mabango, ngakhale pansi. Pangani zisa kuchokera ku nthambi, timitengo ndi masamba. Mitundu yonse yazinyama zazikuluzikulu ndi mbalame zonse ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'magulu osangalatsa, izi zimachitika kuti azisaka bwino komanso kuteteza ana awo.
Mbalamezi zimakonda anzawo, motero amakhala moyandikana ndi mbalame zilizonse, komanso anyani anyani kapena zisindikizo zaubweya. Ndizosowa kwambiri, ndizotheka kuwona malo okhala okhaokha, mwina sikuti kwakanthawi ndipo posachedwa oyandikana nawo omwe akhala akuyembekezeredwa kwanthawi yayitali akhazikika. Komanso, nthawi zambiri amalola mbalame zina kusaka limodzi. Cormorants amangothamanga m'madzi okha, kumtunda ndi zolengedwa zotsutsana zomwe sizimayenda bwino.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Ma Cormorants sangathe kunyamuka pamalo athyathyathya, ayenera kuyamba pomwepo, nthawi zambiri amanyamuka pamwamba pamadzi, koma izi zimafunikanso kuyesetsa kwambiri kuchokera kwa iwo, njira yosavuta ndikuti aziwuluka panthambi zamitengo kapena miyala.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Mbalame ya Cormorant
Mtundu uwu wa mbalame ndi wosakwatira, atangopanga banja, amatha kukhala naye moyo wake wonse. Cormorants ndi ochuluka kwambiri. Kukula kwawo kwakumagulu kumachitika pafupifupi zaka zitatu, kutengera mitundu, atakhwima, amakhala ndi chovala chachikulire. Nyengo yokwatirana imakhala makamaka mchaka, chifukwa imakhala yotentha, koma zigawo zina zimasiyanitsidwa.
Cormorants amakhala m'midzi, amatha kufikira zisa zikuluzikulu mpaka 2000. Nthawi zina, pokonza malo akuluakulu oterewa, amalumikizana ndi mabanja a mbalame zina zomwe zimakhala moyandikana. Mkazi amatchera mpaka mazira 6, koma uku ndiye kutalika kwake, ndiye kuti imodzi mwamasambawo imakhala yopanda kanthu. Mazirawo ndi a buluu ndipo amaswa ndi makolo awiri motsatana. Makulitsidwewo amakhala pafupifupi mwezi umodzi.
Pamene ana omwe akhala akuyembekezeredwa kwa nthawi yayitali abadwa, amawasamalira, monga makolowo pamodzi, m'malo mwa chitetezo cha anapiye, ndikupanga chakudya ndi madzi. Cormorants amadyetsa ana m'mawa ndi madzulo. Anapiye amabadwa amaliseche ndipo alibe chitetezo chilichonse, motero makolo amakakamizidwa kuti azikhala nawo usana ndi usiku. Kuchokera padzuwa lotentha, amaphimba anapiyewo ndi mapiko, nthawi zina amabweretsa udzu wozizira wam'nyanja pachisa.
Mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, makanda amafunikira chisamaliro, monga momwe nthenga zoyambirira zimawonekera, amayesa kuwuluka, koma sizimayenda bwino nthawi zonse. Ngati chisa chili pamtengo, ndiye kuti ana amakonza luso lawo lokwera ndi kukwera. Izi zimachitika kuti ma cormorant amakhala makolo osamala kwambiri kotero kuti amadyetsa ana awo mpaka pomwe adzakhale ndi banja lawo.
Adani achilengedwe a cormorants
Chithunzi: Cormorant pothawa
Cormorant ndi mbalame yochezeka, sachedwa kunyengerera, ndipo nthawi zambiri amasewera nawo nthabwala. Khwangwala wakuda ndi m'modzi mwa adani olumbirira a cormorant, nthawi zambiri amachita zinthu limodzi, munthu m'modzi amakopa wamkulu wakufa kuchokera mchisa, ndipo wachiwiri panthawiyi amabera mazira awo kuti azidya limodzi. Zimachitikanso kuti mbalame zam'madzi zapafupi kapena mbalame zapamtunda zimasaka mazira. Mwina ndichifukwa chake zikuluzikulu zam'madzi zimasiya mazira osasunthika osasamalika ndikupanga zatsopano.
Kwa anapiye omwe aswedwa kale, nkhandwe zakutchire, nkhandwe ndi nyama zina zing'onozing'ono zomwe zimakhala mdera la cormorant ndizowopsa. Kwa wamkulu cormorant, adani awa siowopsa, popeza ali ndi thupi lamphamvu ndi mlomo, amatha kumenya nkhondo mosavuta, koma ana, mwatsoka, amavutika. Popeza cormorant si mbalame yodyedwa, samasakidwa. Koma makanda awo, osakhwima ndikungoswedwa m'mazira, amatha kukhala chakudya chosangalatsa kwa asodzi kapena osaka.
Chizoloŵezi cha malo ambiri okhala makamaka chifukwa cha kuthekera kosungira anapiye momwe zingathere. Palinso mitundu yonse yazinyama zomwe zimatetezedwa chifukwa sizingathe kuberekana, zisa zawo zimawonongeka nthawi zonse, mwachitsanzo, Crested ndi Little Cormorant.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Cormorant nyama
Chiwerengero cha ma cormorants sichofanana ndipo chimangodalira zakudya zokha. Komanso pa chiwerengero cha ana oswedwa. Chifukwa cha kususuka, amawononga kwambiri minda yabwinobwino ya nsomba ndipo nthawi zina amawonongedwa kwambiri, zomwe nthawi zina zimawononga anthu onse mdera lina, komabe, ndikuwombera kosaloledwa kwa mbalame, zidazindikira kuti asodziwo sanapeze nsomba zambiri, koma mudali nsomba zambiri zodwala muukondewo.
Nkhalango momwe cormorants amakhala nthawi zambiri zimauma ndikutaya masamba, chifukwa mitengo yomwe amakhala pafupi kapena yomwe amakhala kale imafa, chifukwa cha zitosi zawo, chimodzimodzi ndi mbalame zina zambiri zomwe zimadya nsomba. Zinyalala zimatchedwa guano, zimasiyana ndi zinyalala zomwe zimakonda kukhala ndi nayitrogeni wambiri. Izi ndichifukwa chakupezeka kwa nsomba zokha pazakudya.
M'mayiko ambiri, guano ikufunika kwambiri, imawerengedwa ngati feteleza wabwino kwambiri. Kwa mitundu ina yazomera, monga thonje, guano tsopano yasanduka godsend. Kuti mupeze ndowe zosiririka, ma beacon apadera amaikidwa m'malo momwe mbalame zimadzikundikira kotero kuti mbalame zomwe zimadya nsomba zimakhala pansi ndikupumula pa iwo posaka, kenako ndowe zimasonkhanitsidwa.
Cormorants amakhala ochepa, pafupifupi zaka 6-7 m'chilengedwe, koma pakhala pali zochitika pomwe amakhala zaka 20, koma izi ndizosungidwa. Zimakhala zovuta kudyetsa cormorant mu ukapolo, chifukwa cha kususuka kwake, nthawi zonse amafuna zochulukirapo. Cormorant Ndi msaki waulere panyanja, ngakhale anthu atayesetsa bwanji kuti amuphunzitse, ndi mbalame yaulere.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 03/19/2019
Tsiku losinthidwa: 18.09.2019 nthawi ya 10:40
