Fulu laku Central Asia, lotchedwanso steppe tortoise (Testudo (Agriоnemys) hоrsfiеldii) ndi yabanja la akamba amtunda (Testudinidae). Ntchito za ma herpetologists aku Russia zimayika mtundu uwu ngati mtundu umodzi wokha wamakamba aku Central Asia (Agriоnemys).
Kufotokozera kwa kamba waku Central Asia
Akamba aku Central Asia ndiwodzichepetsa komanso osangalatsa, kuyambira pomwe amakhala mu ukapolo, mtundu womwe umayenera kukula mnyumba yaying'ono kapena m'nyumba yabwinobwino.
Maonekedwe
Kamba kameneka kamakhala ndi mawonekedwe otsika, ozungulira, chipolopolo chachikaso chofiirira komanso pamaso pake pali mabala akuda. Carapace imagawika m'magulu a nyanga khumi ndi zitatu okhala ndi ma grooves, ndipo ili ndi mapulasitoni khumi ndi asanu ndi limodzi. Mbali ya carapace imayimiridwa ndi zikopa 25.
Ndizosangalatsa! Kudziwa zaka zamtchire wapakati ku Asia ndikosavuta. Monga kuchuluka kwa mphete zapachaka pamtengo odulidwa, chilichonse chazitali khumi ndi zitatu za carapace chimakhala ndi ma grooves, omwe kuchuluka kwake kumafanana ndi msinkhu wa kamba.
Kutalika kwa kamba wamkulu sikumadutsa kotala la mita.... Akazi okhwima ogonana nthawi zambiri amakhala akulu kuposa amuna akulu. Miyendo yakutsogolo ya kamba wa ku Central Asia imadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa zala zinayi. Pa gawo lachikazi la miyendo yakumbuyo pali ma tubercles owopsa. Amayi amakula msinkhu azaka khumi, ndipo amuna amakhala okonzeka kuberekana zaka zinayi m'mbuyomu.
Moyo ndi machitidwe
M'dera lawo lachilengedwe, akamba aku Central Asia, nthawi zambiri, amabisala kawiri pachaka - m'nyengo yozizira komanso m'nyengo yotentha. Asanabisala, kamba amakumba dzenje lokha, lomwe kuya kwake kumatha kufika mamita awiri. Mndende, zokwawa zotere sizimatha kubisala.
Akamba ali m'gulu la zokwawa zomwe zimatsogolera moyo wawo wokha, chifukwa chake amatha kusaka mtundu wamtundu wawo makamaka m'nyengo yokhwima kapena nthawi yachisanu. Mwachilengedwe, mozungulira Marichi kapena Epulo, akamba amtunda amatuluka nthawi yayitali kwambiri, kenako amayamba kuswana.
Utali wamoyo
Fulu wa ku Central Asia ndi wa ziweto zotchuka kwambiri mdziko lathu, zomwe zimakhala zachilengedwe komanso zoweta pafupifupi theka la zana. Mbali yapadera ya kamba wotereyu ndikuteteza njira zokulirapo pamoyo wake wonse. Kutengera momwe amasungidwira, mavuto azaumoyo ndi osowa kwambiri.
Malo ogawa, malo okhala
Dzinalo lamba la kamba waku Central Asia limafotokozedwa ndi malo omwe magawowa amapezeka pagulu lanyama izi. Anthu ambiri amapezeka kum'mwera kwa Kazakhstan, komanso Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan ndi Tajikistan. Nyamayi imasinthidwa kuti izikhala mdziko la kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Iran, Afghanistan, Syria ndi Lebanon, komanso kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa India ndi Pakistan.
Malo okhala kamba wa ku Central Asia ndi dothi komanso malo amchere amchenga okhala ndi chowawa, tamarisk kapena saxaul. Anthu ambiri amapezeka m'malo otsetsereka komanso ngakhale kutalika kwa mamita 1.2 zikwi pamwamba pa nyanja. Komanso mpaka pano posachedwapa, akamba ambiri achikulire komanso achichepere aku Central Asia amapezeka m'madambo a mitsinje komanso m'malo olimapo.
Ndizosangalatsa! Ngakhale kudera lonse likugawidwa, kamba yonse ya Central Asia ikucheperachepera, chifukwa chake mitundu iyi yapadziko lapansi inali, moyenera, yophatikizidwa ndi Red Book.
Kusunga kamba waku Central Asia kunyumba
Khalidwe lina la akamba amtunda, kuphatikizapo mitundu yaku Central Asia, ndiwodzichepetsa kwambiri. Mkhalidwe waukulu wosamalira bwino nyama zokwawa ngati izi ndikundende ndikusankha bwino nyumba, komanso kukonzekera zakudya zabwino kwambiri.
Kusankha kwa aquarium, mawonekedwe
Kunyumba, kamba wamtunda ayenera kusungidwa mu terrarium kapena aquarium yapadera, yomwe kukula kwake kuli 70x60x20 masentimita. Komabe, malo akuluakulu a terrarium kapena aquarium, amakhala bwino komanso amatha kukhala ndi chiweto chachilendo.
Zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimaimiridwa ndi udzu wouma bwino komanso wapamwamba kwambiri, tchipisi tamatabwa ndi miyala yayikulu imatha kuonedwa ngati dothi lonyansa. Njira yotsirizayi ndiyabwino ndipo imalola kuti zokwawa zapansi panthaka zigwere zikhadabo zake.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kuyika kamba wazinyama m'malo omasuka mnyumba sikulandirika, chifukwa chakupezeka kwa fumbi ndi zojambula, zomwe ndizowopsa kwa zokwawa zakunja. Ngati mukufuna, mutha kukonzekeretsa mpanda wapadera kamba m'chipindacho..
Pokonzekera kanyama ka kamba ka ku Central Asia, ndikofunikira kupeza ndi kuyika bwino nyali ya UV yomwe imakhala ndi UVB 10%. Kuunika kwa ma ultraviolet ndikofunikira kwambiri kamba kamba. Kuunikira koteroko kumatsimikizira kugwira ntchito kofunikira kwa chiweto, kumathandizira kuyamwa kwa calcium ndi vitamini D3, komanso kumalepheretsa kukulira kwamiyala mu zokwawa zakunja.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nyali ya ultraviolet iyenera kugulidwa pokha podyera ziweto, ndipo kutentha kumatha kusiyanasiyana kuyambira 22-25 ° C mpaka 32-35 ° C. Monga lamulo, kamba imasankha yokha kutentha, kotentha kwambiri pakadali pano. Pofuna kutenthetsa mkati mwa terrarium, ndibwino kuti muyike nyali yachikhalidwe yokhala ndi mphamvu zama 40-60 W. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamakono monga zingwe zamafuta kapena miyala yotenthetsera kutentha kwa terrarium kapena aquarium.
Kusamalira ndi ukhondo
Fulu wa ku Central Asia safuna chisamaliro chapadera. Nthawi ndi nthawi, m'pofunika kutsuka terrarium, komanso kusintha zofunda zakutha. Ndibwino kuti muzitsuka terrarium kapena aquarium kawiri pamwezi pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Pakutsuka koteroko, pamafunika kuthira mankhwala opangira zokongoletsera, komanso odyetsa ndi omwera.
Zomwe mungadyetse kamba wanu
Mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, akamba aku Central Asia amadya masamba osowa kwambiri am'chipululu, mavwende, zipatso ndi mabulosi, komanso mbande za herbaceous ndi shrub perennials.
Kunyumba, zokwawa ziyenera kupatsidwa chakudya chapamwamba kwambiri komanso chosiyanasiyana pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zosiyanasiyana zoyambira. Pafupifupi masamba aliwonse angagwiritsidwe ntchito kudyetsa kamba, komanso namsongole, woyimiriridwa ndi dandelion, plantain, letesi, udzu ndi nsonga za karoti. Mukamalemba chakudya cha reptile, muyenera kuganizira mozama izi:
- mbewu zobiriwira - pafupifupi 80% yazakudya zonse;
- mbewu zamasamba - pafupifupi 15% yazakudya zonse;
- zipatso ndi zipatso - pafupifupi 5% yazakudya zonse.
Ndizoletsedwa kudya kabichi kwa kamba woweta, komanso chakudya cha nyama... Kuti chakudya chokwawa chikhale chokwanira, m'pofunika kuwonjezera chakudyacho ndi calcium, kuphatikizapo chipolopolo cha cuttlefish. Akamba achichepere amafunika kudyetsedwa tsiku lililonse, pomwe akulu amadyetsedwa tsiku lililonse. Mtengo wama feed amawerengedwa mosamalitsa payekhapayekha, kutengera zaka zakunyumba zakunja.
Zaumoyo, matenda ndi kupewa
Chiweto chiyenera kupatsidwa mayeso oyeserera ndi veterinarian yemwe amadziwika bwino pochiza zokwawa ndi zosowa. Mkodzo ndi ndowe za akamba amtunda zimadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa mabakiteriya ambiri. Mumikhalidwe yachilengedwe, zokwawa zapadziko zimatha kuyenda mtunda wautali, chifukwa chake chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka zimbudzi ndi chochepa kwambiri.
M'nyumba, akamba nthawi zambiri amadwala ngati ukhondo wa terrarium kapena aviary sutsatiridwa, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira:
- sinthani madzi akumwa kapena osamba tsiku lililonse;
- Nthawi zonse perekani mankhwala m'matanki amadzi;
- yang'anirani kuuma ndi ukhondo wa zinyalala.
Matenda akulu kwambiri, owopsa kwa zokwawa zapakhomo ndi matenda wamba ndi awa:
- chimfine chomwe chimatsagana ndi kupuma kosalekeza kapena kotopetsa, mamina am'mimba, kukana kudya pafupipafupi,
- kuphulika kwamtundu wamtundu wamtundu wamtundu wam'mimba kumafuna kuyang'aniridwa ndi veterinarian yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito zokwawa kwambiri;
- Kutsekula m'mimba chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito chakudya chosadya bwino kapena chosadya, komanso kutuluka kwa mushy, ndowe zamadzimadzi kapena zowawa;
- tiziromboti m'mimba kapena m'matumbo, momwe mumawonekera mopondera chopondapo, kuwonda kowoneka bwino komanso mphwayi yayikulu;
- Kutsekeka kwa m'matumbo, komwe kumachitika pamene chokwawa chimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosadyedwa ngati chakudya, kuphatikizapo mchenga, komanso chiweto chodetsa nkhawa kwambiri;
- ziwalo zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, poyizoni kapena kuwonongeka kwamanjenje;
- poyizoni wazakudya, limodzi ndi kusanza koopsa, ulesi komanso kuzandima poyenda.
Kuwonongeka kwa chipolopolo ngati mng'alu kapena kusweka, komwe kumachitika chifukwa chakugwa kapena kulumidwa ndi nyama, kumatha kukhala koopsa kwambiri. Njira yochotsera zosowa pakadali pano zimatengera kukula kwa kuvulala. Malo owonongeka a chipolopolocho ayenera kuthiridwa mankhwala opatsirana mwakuthupi komanso moyenera kutengera zoyipa zakunja. Kukonzekera komwe kumakhala ndi calcium yambiri kumathandizira kuchiritsa.
Zofunika! Chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa ku matenda a zokwawa zapadziko lapansi ndi kachilombo ka herpes, kamene kamakhala chifukwa chachikulu cha imfa.
Kamba kameneka
Kuti muswane bwino mu ukapolo, muyenera kugula akamba awiri aku Central Asia azaka zomwezo komanso pafupifupi kulemera kofanana. Mzimayi amasiyana ndi wamwamuna momwe alili mchira. Amuna amakhala ndi mchira wautali komanso wokulirapo m'munsi, ndipo chachikazi cha ku Central Asia kamba chimadziwika ndi cholowera chomwe chili pa plastron pafupi ndi mchira. Amuna amasiyana mosiyana ndi akazi ndi chovala chokhala ndi mchira.
Akamba amtundu wapamtunda amakwatirana pakati pa February ndi Ogasiti, atangotuluka kumene. Kutalika kwa mazira achikazi ndi miyezi ingapo, pambuyo pake chiweto chimayambira mazira awiri kapena asanu ndi limodzi. Njira yosakaniza mazira imakhala miyezi iwiri ndipo imachitika kutentha kwa 28-30 ° C. Akamba obadwa kumene omwe angobaluka kumene m'mazira amakhala ndi chipolopolo chachitali masentimita 2.5.
Ndizosangalatsa! Kutentha kotsika pang'ono kumapangitsa amuna ambiri kubadwa, ndipo akazi nthawi zambiri amabadwira kutentha kwambiri.
Kugula kamba waku Central Asia
Ndi bwino kugula kamba waku Central Asia m'sitolo yogulitsa ziweto kapena nazale yomwe imadziwika bwino zokwawa. Ndizosayenera kugula nyama zomwe zakhala zikugwidwa mwachilengedwe ndikubwera nazo mdziko lathu mosaloledwa. Monga lamulo, zokwawa zotere sizikhala ndi odwala okhaokha, chifukwa chake zimagulitsidwa nthawi zambiri ndi zovuta zathanzi.
Kutalika kwakukulu kwa kamba wamkulu kumafika kotala la mita, koma kwa ziweto zing'onozing'ono mungagule kanyumba kakang'ono kake, kamene kamayenera kusinthidwa ndikukhala ndi nyumba yayikulu pamene nyama yokwawa ikukula ndikukula. Mtengo wapakati wa wachinyamata m'sitolo yazinyama kapena nazale ndi 1.5-2.0 zikwi ma ruble. Achinyamata "ochokera m'manja" amagulitsidwa pamtengo wa ma ruble 500.
Ndemanga za eni
Ngakhale kukula kofooka kwa maselo aubongo, poyesa kuyesa nzeru, akamba amtunda adawonetsa zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Monga momwe ziwonetsero zikuwonetsera, kamba wa ku Central Asia ndiosavuta kuphunzira ndipo amatha kupeza njira yothetsera zovuta zovuta, komanso amapeza malo otenthetsera ndi kudyetsa. Pachifukwa ichi, kamba yamtunda imaposa mwanzeru njoka zonse ndi abuluzi mwanzeru.
Zamoyo za kamba wa ku Central Asia ndizosavuta, motero chiweto chotere ndichabwino ngakhale kwa ana. Chokwawa chamtundu uwu chimakonda kubowola pansi, chifukwa chake muyenera kupereka zofunda zokwanira mu terrarium kapena aquarium. Mchenga, peat tchipisi kapena ma coconut flakes atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo logonera.
Monga momwe tawonetsera, kugwiritsa ntchito mchenga wangwiro ngati zofunda sikofunikira.... Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zosakaniza zapadera pazomwe zikuyimiridwa ndi mchenga wokhala ndi peat chips kapena nthaka.
Miyala ingapo yayikulu komanso yopanda pake imawoneka yoyambirira mkati mwa terrarium, yomwe imathandiza kwambiri kamba waku Central Asia kuti adule zikhadabo ndipo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo oyera operekera chakudya. Kugwirizana ndi kayendetsedwe kazinthu kumalola kuti chiweto chachilendo chikhale kwazaka zambiri.
