Bioplastic ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe ndizopangidwa mwachilengedwe komanso zimawononga chilengedwe popanda mavuto. Gulu ili limaphatikizapo zinthu zosiyanasiyana zopangira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'minda yonse. Zipangizo zoterezi zimapangidwa kuchokera ku zotsalira zazomera (tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi zomera), zomwe sizowononga chilengedwe. Akamagwiritsidwa ntchito m'chilengedwe, amawonongeka kukhala manyowa, madzi ndi kaboni dayokisaidi. Izi zimachitika motengera zochitika zachilengedwe. Sichikukhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa kusinthika kwa zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, pulasitiki wopangidwa kuchokera ku mafuta amawonongeka mwachangu kwambiri kuposa pulasitiki wopangidwa ndi bio.
Gulu la Bioplastic
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bioplastics imagawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa:
- Gulu loyamba. Zimaphatikizanso mapulasitiki omwe adachokera kuzinthu zina, zomwe sizingathe kupanga biodegrade. Awa ndi PE, PP ndi PET. Izi zimaphatikizaponso biopolymers - PTT, TPC-ET
- Chachiwiri. Gululi mulinso mapulasitiki omwe amatha kuwonongeka. Ndi PLA, PBS ndi PH
- Gulu lachitatu. Zipangizo za gululi zimapezeka kuchokera ku mchere, chifukwa chake ndizowonongeka. Izi ndi PBAT
International Organisation of Chemistry imatsutsa lingaliro la "bioplastic", chifukwa mawuwa amasocheretsa anthu. Chowonadi ndi chakuti anthu omwe samadziwa pang'ono za phindu ndi phindu la bioplastics amatha kuvomereza ngati zinthu zachilengedwe. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito lingaliro la "ma polima omwe adachokera". M'dzina ili, palibe lingaliro lazabwino zachilengedwe, koma limangogogomezera mtundu wazinthuzo. Chifukwa chake, bioplastics siyabwino kuposa ma polima achikhalidwe.
Msika wamakono wa bioplastics
Masiku ano, bioplastic market imayimilidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zopangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zowonjezeredwa. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuchokera ku nzimbe ndi chimanga ndizofala. Amapereka wowuma ndi mapadi, omwe alidi, ma polima achilengedwe omwe amatha kupeza pulasitiki.
Chimanga bioplastics chilipo kuchokera kumakampani monga Metabolix, NatureWorks, CRC ndi Novamont. Nzimbe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu kuchokera ku kampani ya Braskem. Mafuta a Castor tsopano ndiopangira zinthu za bioplastics zopangidwa ndi Arkema. Polylactic acid yopangidwa ndi Sanyo Mavic Media Co Ltd. adapanga CD yosungunuka. Rodenburg Biopolymers amapanga bioplastics kuchokera ku mbatata. Pakadali pano, kupanga kwa bioplastics kuchokera kuzinthu zopangira zomwe zitha kupangidwa kukufunika, asayansi nthawi zonse amapereka zitsanzo zatsopano ndi zomwe zikuchitika.
