Agalu okhala ku Russia amenyedwa ndi ma ectoparasites ambiri, koma chowopseza chachikulu chimachokera ku nkhupakupa za ixodid, kapena m'malo mwake, kuchokera ku mitundu inayi ya mitundu yawo - Ixodes, Haemaphysalis, Dermacentor ndi Rhipicephalus.
Kodi nkhupakupa imawoneka bwanji, pomwe imaluma kwambiri?
Kutengera kuchuluka kwa kudzazidwa ndi magazi, nthata zimatha kukhala nsawawa kapena nyemba zazikulu... Tiziromboti tili ndi njala yofanana ndi mutu wampikisano ndipo pafupifupi simawoneka mu malaya akuda a galu chifukwa cha utoto wake wowoneka bwino - wakuda, wabulauni, imvi kapena bulauni. Zomwe zimadyetsedwa bwino ngati buluni, nthawi yomweyo zimasintha mtundu kukhala pinki, wofiira kapena wofiirira kwambiri.
Ndizosangalatsa!Thupi lozungulira limakutidwa ndi "chishango" chachitini ndipo limapuma pa miyendo eyiti yolankhulidwa. Mwa mkazi, gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a thupi limatetezedwa ndi chipolopolo, ndichifukwa chake ambiri amatambasula momasuka (kuchokera kumagazi oledzera) pafupifupi katatu.
Chisinthiko chinawonetsetsa kuti wokhetsa magazi anali wolimba pa khungu - chotupa cha m'kamwa chimakhala ndi mano owongoka komanso obwerera m'mbuyo. Malovu olumidwa samangothetsa ululu, komanso amagwiranso ntchito ngati wokonza mwachilengedwe: mozungulira proboscis, imawumitsa, osalola nkhupakupa kugwa. Chomata nyamayi chimangokhala pa nyama kuyambira masiku angapo mpaka mwezi.
Kudya mokwanira, "ghoul" amapuma mpaka chakudya chotsatira, ndipo ngati ali wamkazi, amamwalira, osayiwala kuyikira mazira. Pofika pa tsitsi la galu, chikalacho chimakakwa pambali pake kuti apeze malo opanda kanthu. Chokongola kwambiri, amaganizira za pamimba, kubuula, miyendo yakumbuyo, kukhwapa ndi makutu. Kamatanthauzidwa, tizilomboto timadula khungu, kupopera magazi, ndikubaya malovu.
Wogwirizayo atangodziwika kumene, zocheperako zimamchepera zomwe amamuwononga.
Zotsatira za kuluma kwa nkhupakupa
Siziwoneka nthawi zonse, ndipo m'menemo muli chiwopsezo chobisika. Koposa zonse, obereketsa agalu amawopa matenda opatsirana omwe amakhala ndi zovuta zamagulu, koma kumvetsetsa kuti chiweto chimadwala nthawi zambiri, mwatsoka, chimachedwa.
Pyroplasmosis
Chifukwa cha wodwala matendawa (babesia, amene amawononga maselo ofiira), amatchedwanso babesiosis... Zimatengera masiku 2-21 kuchokera kumatenda kupita kuwonekera. Galu ali ndi ulesi, kutentha thupi, kuzizira, kupuma movutikira, kudzimbidwa, komanso kusayenda bwino kwa ziwalo zoyipa, kuphatikizapo mtima, chiwindi, mapapo ndi impso. Galu amamwa kwambiri, koma amakana kudya. Mkodzo umadetsa, kukhala wofiira, wofiirira, kapena wakuda.
Kuchepetsa chithandizo cha piroplasmosis kumadzadza ndi zovuta zazikulu komanso imfa. Zotsatira za babesiosis:
- kusowa magazi;
- arrhythmia ndi kulephera kwa mtima;
- yotupa m'chiwindi;
- ischemia yaubongo;
- aimpso kulephera;
- zotupa za chapakati mantha dongosolo;
- chiwindi (chifukwa kuledzera yaitali).
Zofunika!Mukangopita kuchipatala, ndikofunika kuti chiwopsezo chobwezeretsa nyamacho chikhale chabwino.
Bartonellosis
Matendawa adatchulidwa ndi mabakiteriya a Bartonella omwe amayambitsa matendawa.
Zizindikiro zodziwika:
- matenda a mtima ndi mitsempha;
- kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi malungo;
- kuonda ndi kugona;
- meninjaitisi ndi edema m'mapapo mwanga;
- kutuluka magazi m'mphuno;
- kufooka kwa miyendo yakumbuyo;
- kutupa kwa zikope ndi mafupa;
- Kutaya magazi m'maso.
Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimachotsedwa, chifukwa chomwe chinyama chimatha kunyamula matendawa kwa zaka zambiri ndipo chimamwalira mwadzidzidzi popanda chifukwa (cha mwini wake).
Borreliosis (Matenda a Lyme)
Amatchulidwanso chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, Borrelia. Kutentha thupi, mavuto amtima, kufooka, kusowa kwa njala, ma lymph node otupa komanso kuuma mwamphamvu kumatha kuoneka patatha milungu iwiri kuluma. Zizindikiro:
- matenda amitsempha;
- kutupa mafupa (kukhala mawonekedwe osatha);
- olumala (nthawi zina amatha);
- zotupa m'mitsempha ndi minyewa.
Zofunika! Matendawa, opatsirana kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana wosabadwa, nthawi zambiri amatsogolera kuimfa yawo kapena kubadwa kwa ana agalu osagwira ntchito.
Matenda a chiwindi
Sichimawoneka kokha pambuyo poluma, komanso chifukwa chakumwa mwangozi nkhupakupa yomwe ili ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta mtundu wa Hepatozoon. Poyamba zimakhazikika m'magazi, koma pang'onopang'ono zimafalikira mthupi lonse.
Matendawa amakhala "chete" bola chitetezo cha m'thupi chikhale cholimba, ndipo chimawonekera bwino msanga chitetezo chikayamba kufooka: galuyo ali ndi malungo, malo ake olumikizana mafupa ndi minofu imapweteka, maso ake ali ndi madzi, ndipo kufooka kumawonekera. Nthawi zina zimatenga zaka zingapo kuyambira pomwe adalumidwa mpaka kuphulika kwa matendawa..
Matenda a m'mimba
Rickettsiae Ehrlichia, kuwonongeka m'maselo, ali ndi mlandu pakukula kwa matendawa. Ku Russia, ehrlichiosis, yemwe mawonekedwe ake amadziwika kuti ndi malungo ofooketsa, adapezeka kuyambira 2002.
Ntchito zochepetsedwa za miyendo inayi ziyenera kuchenjezedwa - kukana kusewera, kudziletsa, kufuna kunama nthawi zonse. Zimakhala zoyipa kwambiri ngati zizindikirozo sizikuwoneka kuchokera kunja: matendawa angawononge thupi, pang'onopang'ono amalepheretsa maso, mitsempha ya magazi, mafupa, ndulu, mafupa ndi ziwalo zina.
Zizindikiro za kuluma kwa nkhuku m'galu
Pambuyo pa nkhupakupa pa nyama, kuwonjezera pa matenda opatsirana, kuwonetseredwa kwa neurotoxic ndi komweko kumatha kuwonedwa. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha zochita za zinsinsi zapadera ndi mphamvu ya poizoni ndi matupi awo sagwirizana.
Zotsatira za Neurotoxic
Izi zimaphatikizapo, choyambirira, "ziwalo zomwe zimafalitsa nkhupakupa" - zimayambira kumiyendo yakumbuyo, zimadutsa m'chiuno, kenako kumtunda. Nthawi zina kulephereka kwa miyendo yakumbuyo kumangowonedwa kwa masiku angapo ndipo kumatha palokha (popanda katswiri).
Zofunika!Poizoni wokhala ndi nkhupakupa umagwira mwachindunji m'mitsempha ya cranial, mwina kuphwanya kumeza komwe kumatchedwa dysphagia. Zipangizo za galu zimamenyedwanso ndi poizoni - zimayesa kukuwa, koma mawuwo amatha kapena samveka pang'ono. Matendawa amatchedwa dysphonia.
Ndizosowa kwambiri kuti mayankho amthupi amawonetsedwa ndi kupuma pang'ono komanso kufa kwa galu chifukwa chobanika.
Zochitika zakomweko
Amadziwika kwambiri kuposa ma neurotoxic ndipo amawoneka ngati zovuta zamakhungu mosiyanasiyana. Ngati mudakwanitsa kuchotsa nkhupakupa, pambuyo pa maola 2-3 malowa adzawonetsa:
- kufiira;
- kutupa;
- kutentha (motsutsana ndi maziko a thupi lonse) kutentha;
- kuyabwa komanso kupweteka pang'ono.
Galu amafunika kunyambita ndikutsuka malo oluma mwachangu. Pa tsiku lachiwiri kuchotsedwa kwa tiziromboto, matenda a dermat granulomatous amathanso kudziwika. Nthawi zambiri, bala limatenga mawonekedwe a purulent kutupa: izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zomwe mwiniwake adachita atachotsa nkhupakupa.
Zofunika! Agalu ang'onoang'ono amawonetsedwa ngati jakisoni wa antihistamines kuti achepetse chiwopsezo chazovuta zomwe zimachitika.
Zoyenera kuchita ngati galu walumidwa ndi nkhupakupa
Gawo loyamba ndikuchotsa, wokhala ndi magolovesi opangira opaleshoni, zopangira kapena Tick Twister. Ngati mulibe zida zogwiritsira ntchito, nyamakazi imachotsedwa mosamala ndi zala.
Zochita zovomerezeka
Chizindikiro chimagwira pafupi kwambiri ndi khungu la galu ndikuchikoka pang'onopang'ono, ndikugwira khungu la wodwalayo ndi dzanja lina.th. Kupukuta pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kumaloledwa. Pakutha pachimake, bala limapakidwa utoto wonyezimira wobiriwira, ayodini kapena hydrogen peroxide.
Kupitilira apo, zimangowonerera "opareshoni" (kuyeza kutentha kwake tsiku ndi tsiku), popeza chithunzi chachipatala cha matenda a canine chimawoneka patatha milungu ingapo ngakhale miyezi. Musazengereze kupita kuchipatala cha owona za ziweto ngati galu wasiya kusangalatsidwa ndi chakudya ndi masewera, ali ndi malungo, mipando yotayirira komanso mtundu wachilendo wa mkodzo.
Zoletsedwa
Pofuna kuti zinthu ziwonjezeke, kumbukirani malamulo osavuta pochotsa tizilomboto:
- osadzaza ndi mafuta a masamba - pansi pa kanemayo, wokakamira magazi ayamba kulowetsa malovu pakhungu;
- osadumpha ndi palafini / mowa - Chizindikiro sichitha ndipo sichitha, ndipo muwononga nthawi;
- osatenga malo oluma poyesera kutola tiziromboti - iyi ndi njira yotsimikizika yopatsira kachilombo;
- osamenyetsa nkhupakupa ndi ulusi - mwanjira imeneyi mungakonde kudula mutu wake m'malo mozikoka.
Ngati kulumidwa kwambiri, tengani chiweto chanu kuchipatala cha ziweto.
Nkhuku yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi encephalitis mu galu
Malinga ndi ziwerengero zomwe sizinatchulidwepo, theka la anthu amwalira chifukwa cha encephalitis ndi zovuta zake. Voliyumu ya chotupa cha imvi medulla chimapangitsa kudziwa kwa matendawa komanso zizindikilo zake, zomwe zingakhale:
- kugwedezeka ndi kunjenjemera;
- ziwalo, kuphatikizapo mitsempha ya nkhope;
- kusowa kwa njala ndi ulesi wamba;
- kuphwanya kutafuna ndi magwiridwe antchito;
- kuwonongeka kwa masomphenya (mpaka khungu);
- kutaya kununkhiza;
- kutaya chidziwitso ndi khunyu;
- kulowa m'mavuto.
Ndikukula kwa ubongo, chithandizo cha chinyama ndi chovuta, ndipo matenda opita patsogolo amafalikira kumtunda wa msana ndikupitilira ziwalo zina. Ulendo wotsatira wopita kuchipatala umadzaza ndi kufooka komanso kufa kwa chiweto, chifukwa chake, atazindikira kuti encephalitis yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi nkhupakupa, mankhwala amphamvu amapatsidwa mosazengereza. Mankhwalawa amathera ndi njira yochira.
Zofunika! M'magawo ena, encephalitis amatchedwa piroplasmosis ndipo mosemphanitsa. M'malo mwake, awa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, ofanana ndi momwe zimakhalira (zopatsirana) komanso kuuma kwamaphunziro.
Njira zopewera
Izi zikuphatikiza ma acaricidal solution (madontho ndi opopera), komanso makola antiparasite ndi katemera.
Madontho ndi kupopera
Mphamvu ya mankhwala imachepa tsiku lililonse, kuyambira miniti yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ubweya: tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiikonzekere masiku 2-3 musanapite ku chilengedwe. Komabe, palibe wopanga amene amapereka 100% chitsimikiziro cha chitetezo pakuyamwa magazi.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti:
- ndi tsitsi lalitali, mufunika kutetezera kuwirikiza kawiri;
- Mosiyana ndi madontho omwe amafota, utsi umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'thupi lonse, kuphatikiza mutu, nkhwapa, mapazi, kumbuyo kwamakutu ndi kubuula;
- ndi kusamba pafupipafupi, mankhwala opatsirana pogonana amachitika pafupipafupi.
Lumikizanani ndi ziwengo za galu ku gawo logwira ntchito la kutsitsi / madontho sangathe kuchotsedwa.
Makola
Ndikoletsedwa kuvala iwo kwa agalu apakati, oyamwitsa, agogo ofooka, komanso ana agalu (mpaka miyezi iwiri). Makola a Beafar amaloledwa kokha kwa nyama zopitirira theka (ndi akulu). Zogulitsa zapulasitiki nthawi zina zimayambitsa kukwiya kwanuko zikagwirizana ndi khungu pakhosi.
Ma riboni (Bolfo, Kiltiks, Harz) amakhala mpaka miyezi isanu ndi iwiri ndipo amadzaza ndi zinthu zomwe zimazungulira ma tetrapod ndi nsalu yotchinga, komanso amagawidwa pa khungu ndi ubweya. Kololayo siyingachotsedwe ndipo imayenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi ngati galuyo amakonda njira zamadzi.
Zofunika! Simungagwiritse ntchito njira zingapo zodzitetezera nthawi imodzi: sizikudziwika momwe zinthu zawo zimagwirira ntchito limodzi. Matenda onse ndi poyizoni wa galu wanu ndizotheka.
Katemera
Mankhwala achi French Pirodog (magwiridwe antchito 76-80%) adapangidwa kuti aziteteza ku piroplasmosis ndipo amabayidwa kawiri ndikumapuma masabata 3-4. Kubwezeretsa katemera kumachitika pakatha chaka chimodzi kapena miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ngati pali nkhupakupa zambiri m'derali.
Jakisoniyo amatha kuyambitsa matendawa munyama yomwe idadwalapo kale piroplasmosis... Pirodog itha kuphatikizidwa ndi katemera wolimbana ndi chiwewe ndi leptospirosis, koma osati ndi ena. Zoletsedwa - katemera wa ana mpaka miyezi isanu komanso zakumwa zapakati.
Kodi nkhupakupa za agalu ndizoopsa kwa anthu?
Matenda opatsirana ndi nkhupakupa samatulutsidwa kuchokera kwa agalu kupita kwa anthu, koma munthu amatha kutenga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a canine (borreliosis, bartonellosis, ehrlichiosis ndi ena) pongochotsa nkhupakupa.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake akatswiri azachipatala satopa kukukumbutsani za chitetezo choyambirira - kugwiritsa ntchito magolovesi azachipatala moyenera.
