Pearl gourami (Latin Trichopodus leerii, yemwe kale anali Trichogaster leerii) ndi imodzi mwamadzi okongola kwambiri am'madzi. Amuna ndi okongola makamaka pakubala, mitundu ikakhala yolemera, ndipo mimba ndi pakhosi zofiira zimawala m'madzi ngati poppy.
Iyi ndi nsomba yokhotakhota, imasiyana ndi nsomba zina chifukwa imatha kupuma mpweya wamlengalenga. Ngakhale, monga nsomba zonse, amatenga mpweya wosungunuka m'madzi, chifukwa chazovuta zomwe gourami amakhala, chilengedwe chawapatsa zida za labyrinth.
Ndi iyo, nsomba zimatha kupuma mpweya kuchokera kumtunda ndikupulumuka m'malo ovuta kwambiri. Mbali ina ya labyrinths ndikuti amamanga chisa kuchokera ku thovu komwe amakula mwachangu.
Nsombazo zimathanso kupanga phokoso, makamaka nthawi yopuma. Koma zomwe izi zimalumikizidwa sizikudziwika.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Adafotokozedwa koyamba ndi Bleeker mu 1852. Nsomba zakunyumba ku Asia, Thailand, Malaysia ndi zilumba za Sumatra ndi Borneo. Pang'onopang'ono kufalikira kumadera ena, mwachitsanzo? ku Singapore ndi Colombia.
Pearl gourami akuphatikizidwa mu Red Book ngati ali pangozi. M'madera ena, makamaka ku Thailand, anthu atsala pang'ono kutha.
Izi ndichifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe komanso kufalikira kwa zochitika za anthu.
Mitundu yomwe imagwidwa m'chilengedwe imakhala yocheperako pamsika, ndipo zochuluka ndi nsomba zomwe zimakwezedwa m'minda.
Mwachilengedwe, amakhala m'malo otsika, m'madambo ndi mitsinje, ndimadzi amchere komanso zomera zambiri. Amadyetsa tizilombo ndi mphutsi zawo.
Mbali yosangalatsa ya nsomba, monga abale awo - lalius, ndikuti amatha kusaka tizilombo tomwe tikuuluka pamadzi.
Amachita motere: nsombazo zimaundana kumtunda, kufunafuna nyama. Tizilombo timene timati tikangofika kumene, timalavulira kamtsinje kenakake ndi kukaponyera m'madzi.
Kufotokozera
Thupi limalitali, kenako limapanikizika. Zipsepse zakuthambo ndi kumatako ndizolumikizana, makamaka mwa amuna.
Zipsepse za m'chiuno zimakhala zolimba komanso zovuta kwambiri, pomwe gourami amamva chilichonse chomuzungulira.
Mtundu wa thupi limakhala lofiirira kapena lofiirira, lokhala ndi timadontho timene dzina lake nsombayo.
Amatha kukula mpaka masentimita 12, koma m'nyanja yam'madzi nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako, pafupifupi masentimita 8-10. Ndipo chiyembekezo cha moyo chimakhala kuyambira zaka 6 mpaka 8 mosamala.
Zovuta pakukhutira
Mitunduyi imakhala yopanda tanthauzo, imasinthasintha bwino pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana, imakhala nthawi yayitali, pafupifupi zaka 8.
Imadya chakudya chilichonse, komanso, imathanso kudya ma hydra omwe amalowa mumtsinje ndi chakudya.
Ndi nsomba yayikulu yomwe imatha kukhala mumchere wokhala ndi zamoyo zambiri. Nsombazi zimatha kukula mpaka masentimita 12, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazing'ono - 8-10 cm.
Amakhala kwanthawi yayitali, ndipo amawonetsanso zizindikiro zina zanzeru, pozindikira mbuye wawo komanso wopezera chakudya.
Ngakhale nsomba za ngale ndizokwanira, ndizamtendere komanso bata. Zokwanira pama aquariums am'mudzimo, koma atha kukhala amantha pang'ono.
Kuti mukonze, muyenera kukhala ndi aquarium yomwe ili ndi malo osambira.
Kudyetsa
Omnivorous, mwachilengedwe amadyetsa tizilombo, mphutsi ndi zooplankton. Mu aquarium, amadya zakudya zamtundu uliwonse - zamoyo, zozizira, zopangira.
Maziko a zakudya amatha kupangidwa ndi chakudya chamagetsi - ma flakes, granules, ndi zina zambiri. Ndipo chakudya chowonjezera chidzakhala chakudya chamoyo kapena chachisanu - ma virus a magazi, cortetra, tubifex, brine shrimp.
Amadya chilichonse, chokhacho ndichakuti nsombayo ili ndi kamwa pang'ono, ndipo sangathe kumeza chakudya chachikulu.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti amatha kudya ma hydra. Hydra ndi cholengedwa chaching'ono, chokhazikika chokhazikika chomwe chimakhala ndi zodzaza ndi mavu.
Mu aquarium, amatha kusaka nsomba zazing'ono ndi zazing'ono. Mwachilengedwe, alendo oterewa ndi osafunika ndipo gourami athandiza kuthana nawo.
Kusamalira ndi kukonza
Mwa mitundu yonse ya gourami, ngaleyo ndiyabwino kwambiri. Komabe, palibe chapadera chomwe chikufunika pazomwe zilipo, zabwino zokha.
Madzi ambiri okhala ndi kuyatsa kofewa ndi oyenera. Nsomba zimakonda zigawo zapakati ndi zakumtunda.
Ma Juveniles amatha kukula m'malita 50, koma akulu amafunikira aquarium yayikulu kwambiri, makamaka kuchokera ku 100 malita a voliyumu.
Ndikofunika kuti kutentha kwa mpweya mchipinda ndi madzi am'madzi am'madzi agwirizane momwe angathere, popeza gourami amapuma mpweya wam'mlengalenga, ndiye kuti atasiyana kwambiri atha kuwononga zida zawo za labyrinth.
Kutentha kosalekeza ndikofunikanso; okhala kumayiko ofunda samalekerera madzi ozizira bwino.
Kusefera ndikofunikira, koma ndikofunikira kuti palibe mphamvu zamphamvu, nsomba zimakonda madzi odekha. Mtundu wa dothi ulibe kanthu, koma amawoneka bwino motsutsana ndi dothi lakuda.
Ndikofunika kuti mubzale mbeu zambiri m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndikuyika mbewu zoyandama pamwamba. Sakonda kuwala kowala ndipo amachita manyazi pang'ono mwa iwo okha.
Ndikofunikira kuti kutentha kwamadzi kumakhala m'chigawo cha 24-28 ° C, kuti zizolowere zina zonse. Koma ndibwino kuti acidity ili pamtundu wa pH 6.5-8.5.
Ngakhale
Amtendere kwambiri, ngakhale panthawi yobereka, yomwe imafanizira bwino ndi abale awo, monga marble gourami. Koma nthawi yomweyo amakhala amanyazi ndipo amatha kubisala mpaka atakhazikika.
Sakhalanso achidwi akamadyetsa, ndipo ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti apeza chakudya.
Ndi bwino kukhala ndi nsomba zina zamtendere. Oyandikana nawo kwambiri ndi nsomba zomwe zimakhala zofanana ndi kukula kwake, koma zindikirani kuti mitundu ina ya gourami imatha kukhala yankhanza kwa abale awo.
Misozi imatha kukhala yoyandikana nayo, ngakhale imachita zachipongwe.
Mutha kuyisunga ndi tambala, koma zomwe sizimadziwika komanso zoyipa zimatha kutsata ngale zamanyazi, motero ndibwino kupewa malowa.
Adzakhala bwino ndi neon, rasbora ndi nsomba zina zazing'ono.
N'zotheka kusunga nkhanu, koma ndi zazikulu zokha, yamatcheri ndi neocardines zimawerengedwa ngati chakudya.
Sadzadya nkhanu zambiri, koma ngati mumaziyamikira, ndibwino kuti musaphatikize.
Kusiyana kogonana
Ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi. Yamphongo ndi yayikulupo, yokongola kwambiri, yowala kwambiri, imakhala ndi chinsalu chakuthambo chakuthwa. Mu mkazi, ndi wozungulira, ndi wokwanira kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikosavuta kudziwa za nthawi yogonana, ndiye kuti khosi ndi mimba yamphongo imakhala yofiira.
Kubereka
Kubereka ndi kosavuta. Mukamabereka, amuna amaonekera pamaso panu ali athanzi, ali ndi pakhosi ofiyira komanso mmimba.
Komanso pakubereka, amuna amakonza ndewu ndi adani awo.
Kunja, izi zikufanana ndikulimbana ndi kupsompsona gourami, pomwe nsomba ziwiri zimalumikizana ndi pakamwa pawo kwakanthawi kochepa, kenako ndikusambira pang'onopang'ono patsogolo pawo.
Asanabadwe, banjali limadyetsedwa kwambiri ndi chakudya chamoyo, nthawi zambiri wamkazi wokonzekera kubala amakhala wonenepa kwambiri. Awiriwo amabzalidwa mumtambo wamtambo waukulu, wobzalidwa bwino wokhala ndi galasi lamadzi lotentha komanso kutentha kwambiri.
Mphamvu ya malo obalirako amachokera ku malita 50, makamaka kuwirikiza kawiri, chifukwa madzi omwe ali mmenemo amafunika kutsitsidwa kwambiri, kuti akhale pafupifupi masentimita 10 mpaka 13. Magawo amadzi ndi pH pafupifupi 7 ndi kutentha 28C.
Zomera zoyandama, monga Riccia, ziyenera kuikidwa pamwamba pamadzi kuti nsombazo zizigwiritsa ntchito ngati zida zomangira chisa.
Yaimuna imayamba kumanga chisa. Ikangokonzeka, masewera olimbitsa thupi amayamba. Ndikofunikira pakadali pano kuti musawasokoneze kapena kuwawopsyeza, nsomba zimakhala zofewa kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina ya gourami.
Mwamuna amasamalira yaikazi, kumamuyitanira ku chisa. Atangosambira, yamphongoyo imamukumbatira ndi thupi lake, kufinya mazirawo ndikuwayamwa nthawi yomweyo. Masewerawa ndi opepuka kuposa madzi ndikuyandama, koma yamphongo amaigwira ndikuyiyika chisa.
Panthawi imodzi, mayi amatha kusambira mpaka mazira 2000. Pambuyo pobereka, mkazi amatha kusiyidwa, popeza wamwamuna samamutsata, koma ndibwino kuti abzale, mulimonse momwe adagwirira ntchito yake.
Wamphongo amateteza ndikukonza chisa mpaka mwachangu kusambira. Mphutsi zidzaswa m'masiku awiri, ndipo pambuyo pake zitatu mwachangu zidzasambira.
Kuyambira pano, yamphongo imatha kubzalidwa, chifukwa imatha kuwononga mwachangu poyesera kuti ibwerere ku chisa. Mwachangu amadyetsedwa ndi ma ciliates ndi ma microworm mpaka amatha kudya brine shrimp nauplii.
Nthawi yonseyi, madzi ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 29C. Mu aquarium yokhala ndi mwachangu, muyenera kukonza kaye mpweya wochepa, mpaka zida zopangira labyrinth zikhale mmenemo, ndipo zimayamba kukwera mpaka kumtunda.
Kuyambira pano, kuchuluka kwa madzi mu aquarium kumatha kukulitsidwa, ndipo aeration imatha kuchepetsedwa kapena kuzimitsidwa. Malek amakula mwachangu, koma amasiyanasiyana kukula ndipo amayenera kusankhidwa kuti apewe kudya anzawo.
