Nsomba zam'madzi otchedwa Botia clown kapena macracanthus (Latin Chromobotia macracanthus, English clown botia) ndi imodzi mwamadzi okongola kwambiri omwe amasungidwa mumtsinje wa aquarium. Amamukonda chifukwa cha mtundu wake wowala komanso chifukwa chodziwika yekha.
Nsombazi zimafunikira aquarium yayikulu, chifukwa imakula kwambiri mpaka kutalika kwa 16-20 cm. Amakonda malo okhala ndi zomera zambiri komanso malo osiyanasiyana okhalamo.
Monga lamulo, matchere ndi nsomba zoyenda usiku, zomwe zimakhala zosawoneka masana, komabe, izi sizikugwira ntchito pankhondo yamasewera.
Amakhala wokangalika masana, ngakhale wamanyazi pang'ono. Amakonda kampani yamtundu wawo, koma amatha kusungidwa ndi nsomba zina.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Botia the clownfish (Chromobotia macracanthus) adafotokozedwa koyamba ndi Blacker mu 1852. Dziko lakwawo lili ku Southeast Asia: ku Indonesia, kuzilumba za Borneo ndi Sumatra.
Mu 2004, a Maurice Kottelat adasiyanitsa mitundu iyi ndi mtundu wa Botias kukhala mtundu wina.
Mwachilengedwe, imakhala mumitsinje pafupifupi nthawi zonse, imangosamuka nthawi yopanga. Amakhala m'malo okhala ndi madzi osayenda komanso amakono, nthawi zambiri amasonkhana m'magulu akulu.
Pakati pa mvula yamkuntho, amasamukira kumapiri omwe adasefukira. Nsomba zimakhala m'madzi oyera komanso odetsedwa kwambiri kutengera komwe amakhala. Amadyetsa tizilombo, mphutsi zawo ndikudya chakudya.
Ngakhale magwero ambiri amati nsombayi imakula pafupifupi masentimita 30, m'chilengedwe muli anthu omwe amakhala masentimita 40, ndipo amatha kukhala ndi moyo nthawi yayitali, mpaka zaka 20.
M'madera ambiri, imagwidwa ngati nsomba zamalonda ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya.
Kufotokozera
Iyi ndi nsomba yokongola, yayikulu. Thupi limakulitsidwa ndipo kenako limapanikizika. Pakamwa pake pamalowera pansi ndipo pamakhala ndevu zinayi.
Dziwani kuti nsombayi ili ndi mitsempha yomwe ili pansi pa maso anu ndipo imakhala ngati chitetezo ku nsomba zolusa. Botsia amawaika panthawi yoopsa, zomwe zitha kukhala zovuta mukamagwira, akamamatira kuukonde. Bwino kugwiritsa ntchito chidebe cha pulasitiki.
Zimanenedwa kuti m'chilengedwe amakula mpaka masentimita 40, koma m'nyanja yamchere amakhala ocheperako, mwa dongosolo la masentimita 20-25.
Mtundu wowala wachikaso-lalanje wamthupi wokhala ndi mikwingwirima itatu yakuda, magwiridwe antchito ndi kukula kwakukulu zimapangitsa ma bots kukhala osangalatsa kusungidwa m'madzi ambiri.
Mzere umodzi umadutsa m'maso, wachiwiri molunjika kutsogolo kwa dorsal fin, ndipo wachitatu amatenga gawo la dorsal fin ndikupita kumbuyo kwake. Pamodzi, amapanga mitundu yokongola komanso yowoneka bwino.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti nsombayo imakhala yowala kwambiri akadali aang'ono, ndipo ikamakula, imasanduka yotumbululuka, koma sataya kukongola kwake.
Zovuta pakukhutira
Ndizofunikira, nsomba yolimba. Osavomerezeka kwa oyamba kumene, popeza ndi akulu, otakataka, ndipo amafuna magawo amadzi okhazikika.
Amakhalanso ndi sikelo yaying'ono kwambiri, yomwe imawapangitsa kuti atenge matenda komanso mankhwala.
Kudyetsa
Mwachilengedwe, nsomba zimadya mphutsi, mphutsi, kafadala ndi zomera. Omnivorous, amadya zakudya zamtundu uliwonse mu aquarium - amoyo, ozizira, zopangira.
Amakonda kwambiri mapiritsi ndi kuzizira, chifukwa amadya kuchokera pansi. Momwemonso, palibe mavuto ndi kudyetsa, chinthu chachikulu ndikudyetsa mosiyana kuti nsomba zikhale zathanzi.
Amatha kupanga phokoso, makamaka ngati ali osangalala ndipo mutha kumvetsetsa mtundu wa chakudya chomwe amakonda.
Popeza kumenya nthabwala kumathandiza kuthana ndi nkhono mwa kuzidya mwachangu. Ngati mukufuna kuti nkhono zichepe kwambiri, yesetsani kukhala ndi nkhondo zingapo.
Kudina mukamadya:
Ndipo maluso awo olakwika - amadya mbewu mokondwera, ndipo amaluma mabowo ngakhale pa echinodorus.
Mutha kuchepetsa zikhumbo powonjezera kuchuluka kwa zakudya zopangidwa ndi mbewu pazakudya zanu. Zitha kukhala mapiritsi ndi ndiwo zamasamba - zukini, nkhaka, saladi.
Mwambiri, pomenya nkhondo, kuchuluka kwa zakudya zamasamba pazakudya ziyenera kukhala mpaka 40%.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Nthawi zambiri nkhondoyi imakhala pansi, koma imatha kukwera mpaka pakati, makamaka ikagwiritsidwa ntchito ku aquarium ndipo sachita mantha.
Popeza amakula mokwanira, ndipo amafunika kusungidwa m'gulu, ndiye kuti pakufunika aquarium yayikulu, yokwana malita 250 kapena kupitilira apo. Ndalama zochepa zomwe mungasunge mu aquarium ndi 3.
Koma zambiri ndizabwino, popeza mwachilengedwe amakhala m'magulu akulu kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, pasukulu ya nsomba 5, mufunika aquarium yokhala ndi pafupifupi 400.
Amamva bwino m'madzi ofewa (5 - 12 dGH) ndi ph: 6.0-6.5 ndi kutentha kwamadzi kwa 24-30 ° C. Komanso, m'nyanjayi muyenera kukhala ndi ngodya zambiri zobisalapo komanso zobisalapo kuti nsomba zizithawirako zikawopa kapena kukangana.
Nthaka ndi yofewa - mchenga kapena miyala yoyera.
Musayambe nsomba izi mumtsinje watsopano wamadzi. M'madzi oterewa, magawo amadzi amasintha kwambiri, ndipo ma clown amafunika kukhazikika.
Amakonda kuyenda, komanso mpweya wambiri umasungunuka m'madzi. Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito fyuluta yakunja yokwanira yamphamvu iyi, yomwe ndi yosavuta kuyendetsa.
Ndikofunika kusintha madzi pafupipafupi ndikuwunika kuchuluka kwa ammonia ndi nitrate, popeza nkhondo zimakhala ndi mamba ang'onoang'ono, poyizoni amapezeka mwachangu kwambiri. Amalumpha bwino, muyenera kuphimba aquarium.
Mtundu wa aquarium ulibe kanthu ndipo umadalira kwathunthu kukoma kwanu. Ngati mukufuna kupanga biotope, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuyika mchenga kapena miyala yoyera pansi, popeza ili ndi ndevu zovuta kwambiri zomwe ndizosavuta kuvulaza.
Miyala yayikulu ndi mitengo ikuluikulu yolowerera itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito komwe nkhondo zimatha kubisala. Amakonda malo okhala momwe sangathe kufinyira, mapaipi a ceramic ndi pulasitiki ndioyenera kutero.
Nthawi zina amatha kudzipangira okha mapanga kapena miyala, onetsetsani kuti sakugwetsa chilichonse.Zomera zoyandama zimatha kuyikidwa pamwamba pamadzi, zomwe zimapanganso kuwala.
Zosewerera zapa boti zimatha kuchita zachilendo. Si anthu ambiri omwe amadziwa kuti amagona chammbali, kapena ngakhale mozondoka, ndipo akawona izi, amaganiza kuti nsomba zafa kale.
Komabe, izi sizachilendo kwa iwo. Komanso kuti mphindi imodzi nkhondoyo ikhoza kutha, kotero kuti pakapita kanthawi imatha kutuluka m'malo ena osaganizirika kale.
Ngakhale
Nsomba zazikulu, koma zogwira ntchito kwambiri. Amatha kusungidwa mu aquarium yonse, koma makamaka osati ndi nsomba zazing'ono, osati ndi nsomba zokhala ndi zipsepse zazitali. Botsia ikhoza kuwadula.
Amakonda kampani, ndikofunikira kusunga anthu angapo, makamaka ofanana. Nambala yocheperako ndi 3, koma makamaka kuchokera kwa anthu asanu.
Mu gulu loterolo, olamulira ake amakhazikitsidwa, momwe amuna akulu amathamangitsa ofookawo pachakudya.
Kusiyana kogonana
Palibe kusiyana kwenikweni pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Chokhacho ndichakuti akazi okhwima ogonana amakhala onenepa kwambiri, okhala ndi mimba yozungulira.
Pali malingaliro ambiri okhudzana ndi mawonekedwe a fin caudal mwa akazi ndi amuna, koma izi sizingachitike.
Amakhulupirira kuti mwa amuna malekezero amtundu wakumaso ndi akuthwa, pomwe mwa akazi amakhala ozungulira kwambiri.
Kubereka
Botia clownfish samakonda kupezeka kwambiri panyanja yam'madzi. Pali malipoti ochepa chabe onena za kubala m'nyanja yamchere, ndipo ngakhale apo, mazira ambiri sanalandire umuna.
Anthu omwe amagulitsidwa amagulitsidwa ndi mankhwala a gonadotropic m'mafamu ku Southeast Asia.
Ndizovuta kuberekanso izi munyanja yam'madzi, zikuwoneka kuti ichi ndi chifukwa chake zimapezeka kawirikawiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, sikuti aliyense amakwanitsa kubereketsa ukapolo, zomwe zimafala kwambiri ndikuti mwachangu amakodwa mwachilengedwe ndipo amakula mpaka kukula.
Chifukwa chake ndizotheka kuti nsomba zomwe zimasambira mu aquarium yanu nthawi ina zimakhala m'chilengedwe.
Matenda
Imodzi mwazofala kwambiri komanso matenda owopsa omenyera chisudzo ndi semolina.
Zikuwoneka ngati madontho oyera oyenda mthupi ndi zipsepse za nsomba, pang'onopang'ono akuwonjezeka mpaka nsomba zitafa chifukwa chotopa.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti nsomba zopanda mamba kapena timiyeso tating'onoting'ono timavutika nazo koposa zonse, ndipo nkhondoyi ndiyomweyi.
Chinthu chachikulu pa chithandizo sichingachedwe!
Choyamba, muyenera kukweza kutentha kwa madzi pamwamba pa 30 degrees Celsius (30-31), kenako onjezerani mankhwala m'madzi. Kusankha kwawo tsopano ndi kwakukulu, ndipo zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofanana ndipo zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana.
Koma, ngakhale atalandira chithandizo cha panthawi yake, sizingatheke kupulumutsa nsomba, popeza tsopano pali mitundu yambiri yolimbana ndi semolina.
