Mbali ndi malo okhala chipembere
Mwina simukuyenera kutsutsana nazo chipembere - imodzi mwazinyama zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zimakhala padziko lapansi pano. Dziko lapansi limadziwa mitundu isanu yokha yazinyama zokhala ndi ziboda - izi ndi zipembere zakuda ndi zoyera, Chijava, Indian ndi Sumatran. Mitundu yaku Asia ndiyosiyana ndi anzawo aku Africa chifukwa ili ndi nyanga imodzi yokha, pomwe ina imakhala nayo iwiri.
Chipembere choyera, kukhala m'masamba a Africa, poyerekeza ndi mchimwene wakuda yemwe amakhala kumeneko, akutsogola potengera kuchuluka. Kuphatikiza apo, palibe mitundu ina yapadera yomwe ingakhale yosiyana kwambiri ndi mitundu iwiriyo.
Ndikudabwa dzina lake chipembere chakuda, komanso dzina loti "nyama yoyera", ndizofala kwambiri. Chifukwa khungu la nyama limadalira mtundu wa dothi lokutira gawo limenelo lapansi pomwe zipembere zinapeza pogona. Kugona m'matope ndimakonda kwambiri zipembere, zimaipitsa khungu ndi matope, kuyanika padzuwa, ndipo kumapereka mthunzi pakhungu.
Zipembere ndi nyama ya kukula kwakukulu. Ndi kulemera kwake kochititsa chidwi kuchokera pa matani 2 mpaka 4 komanso kutalika kwa mita 3 kapena kupitilira apo, kutalika kwake ndi 1.5 mita yokha. Zigawo zoterezi zimapereka ufulu wotcha chipembere nyama yonyansa.
Chithunzi ndi chipembere choyera
Monga tanenera kale, mutu wa chipembere umakongoletsedwa ndi nyanga. Mwachitsanzo, mu Africamakamaka ku Zambia, izi ndizapadera nyama pali njira zitatu, ndipo nthawi zina zisanu.
Zolemba za kutalika kwa zowonjezera izi ndi za zipembere zoyera - kutalika kwake, malinga ndi akatswiri, kumatha kufikira mita imodzi ndi theka. Ngati tifotokozera mwachidule chipembere cha Sumatran, ndiye kuti ndizodziwika bwino kuti ndi mitundu yakale kwambiri ya omwe adatsalabe mpaka pano.
Thupi lake liri ndi tsitsi lalifupi lolimba, pali zotsekemera, ndipo kutsogolo kwa mutu kuli nyanga ziwiri 25-30 cm iliyonse, ndipo nyanga yachitatu ndi mawonekedwe omvetsa chisoni a nyanga ndipo amatha kutchedwa kukwezeka osati china chilichonse.
Pachithunzichi chipembere cha Sumatran
Thupi la chipembere, monga akunenera, silinakhumudwitse Mulungu. Chilengedwe chimamupatsa thupi lokulirapo, khosi la mtundu womwewo, lalikulu kumbuyo kozungulira, miyendo yolimba koma yotsika.
Chipembere chili ndi zala zitatu kumapazi ake ndipo iliyonse imatha ndi chiboda chazing'ono, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala osiyana ndi akavalo. Koma mchira womwe unafika mwachilengedwe kwa chinyamacho ndi wawung'ono, ngati bulu, ngakhale ngayaye ndi yomweyo.
Kuyang'ana chipembere, mutha kumvetsetsa nthawi yomweyo kuti ndi nyama yamphamvu bwanji komanso yamphamvu. Khungu lamakwinya limakhala lokulirapo modabwitsa komanso losakhwima, koma izi sizimawalepheretsa kupanga mapangidwe panyama ya nyama, ndipo kuchokera pamenepo chipembere chimakhala ngati nyama yovala zida zankhondo.
Nyamazo zilibe ubweya. Mphepete mwa makutu ndi ngayaye za mchira zokha ndizomwe zimakutidwa ndi ubweya wa imvi. Tikukukumbutsani kuti izi sizikugwira ntchito ku zipembere za Sumatran.
Ziwalo zakumverera zimapangidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana - mphamvu ya kununkhira imapangidwa bwino, koma kumva komanso makamaka masomphenya sanakulidwe mokwanira motero amatenga gawo lachiwiri m'moyo wa nyama.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa chipembere
Chikhalidwe cha chipembere nchosokonekera. Amakhala wofatsa mwadzidzidzi, wodekha, kenako modzidzimutsa amakwiya ndipo amachita ndewu. Mwinanso, kukula kwakukulu, mantha olimbikitsa, ndi mtundu wa myopia zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotetezeka kwathunthu.
M'malo mwake, nyama zamtchire, kuphatikiza anthu, zimawerengedwa ndi zala za dzanja limodzi - njovu, akambuku, ndipo nthawi zina njati zokwiya. Nyalugwe, komabe, sawopsa kwa munthu wamkulu, koma safuna kudya nyama ya chipembere. Chifukwa chake, nthawi ikakhala yoyenera, kambuku amayesetsa kukoka anawo kuchokera pansi pa mphuno ya mayi yemwe akusokonekera.
Munthu ndi mdani wamkulu wa chipembere. Chifukwa chowonongera nyama chimakhala munyanga zawo, zomwe zimakhala zokwera mtengo m'malo ena. Ngakhale m'nthawi zakale, munthu amakhulupirira kuti nyanga ya nyama imatha kubweretsa mwayi ndikupereka moyo wosafa kwa mwini wake. Asing'anga adagwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera za njira zochiritsira zosagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku onse.
Nditangomaliza kuimba mokweza, ndiloleni ndipitirire kufotokoza za moyo wa chipembere. Chifukwa chake, chinyama chimatha kumva munthu, chifukwa cha mphamvu yakununkhira kuchokera patali mita 30 ndikuchulukirachulukira.
Chinyama chikangozindikira zoopsa, sichidikirira msonkhano ndi mdani, koma chimathamangira kuthawa zomwe, zambiri, sizimakhala zomveka komanso zimamvera malamulo odziletsa. Chipembere chimatha kuthamanga mwachangu.
Liwiro lake limakhala lalitali kwambiri kuposa la akatswiri a Olimpiki ndipo ndi 30 km / h. Asayansi awerengeranso liwiro la chipembere chothamanga ikalusa ndipo akuti chitha kuyenda pa 50 km / h. Gwirizanani, ndizosangalatsa!
Zipembere zimasambira momwe zimathamangira. Komabe, chipembere amakonda kwambiri moyo wosathamanga motero amakhala moyo wake wonse m'malo osungira, akumakhala m'matope ndi cheza chofunda cha dzuwa. Komabe, pachimake pa ntchito nyama zimawonedwa usiku. Maloto a zipembere akuwonera atagona, ndikubisalira m'kamwa mwawo m'matope ndikukuntha miyendo yonse pansi pawo.
Ziweto zoweta chipembere cha ku Asia kungonena kuti kungakhale kolakwika, chifukwa amakonda kukhala moyo wosungulumwa. Nthawi zina, anthu amakumana ndi nyama ziwiri kapena zitatu mchipinda, koma zambiri zimakhala amayi ndi ana. Koma achibale aku Africa amagwirizana m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, kuyambira 3 mpaka 15 anthu.
Chipembere chimalemba malire a malowo ndi mkodzo kapena cholemba ndowe. Zowona, akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti milu ya zitosi sizizindikiro za m'malire, koma mtundu wa deta. Chipembere chodutsa chimasiya womutsatira ali ndi zizindikilo zosonyeza kuti wachibale wake akuyenda liti komanso mbali yanji.
Dziko lanyama, kumene kumakhala zipembere Zosiyanasiyana, koma chinyama ichi sichimakhudza oyandikana nawo, ndipo pakati pa mbalame amakhala ndi anzawo. Mwachitsanzo, mbalame za mitundu yodzala ndi nyenyezi nthawi zonse zimakhala pafupi ndi nyamayi.
Nthawi zonse amalumpha thupi la chipembere ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi amatenga nkhupakupa zokhetsa magazi m'makola mwawo. Mwinanso, akapambana, pamakhala ululu wosasangalatsa, chifukwa chinyama chimalumpha ndikuyamba kununkhiza, koma kenako chimakhazikika ndikubwerera mchimake.
Chipembere kudya
Chinyama cha Chipembere omnivorous, amakonda zakudya zamasamba - zitsamba ndi nthambi zazitsamba zochepa. Ku Africa, tchireli lili ndi minga yambiri, koma izi sizimawopseza zipembere, komanso mchere wowuma komanso wamchere wazomera zina zomwe zimakula mu savannah. Chipembere yemwe amakhala ku India amadya mitundu yazomera zam'madzi. Komanso chokoma chomwe amakonda kwambiri ndi zitsamba, zomwe zimatchedwa njovu.
Nyamayo imadyetsa maola ambiri m'mawa ndi madzulo, ndipo chipemberecho chimatha kutentha tsiku lotentha mumthunzi wa mitengo. Amapita kubowolerera tsiku lililonse. Kuti musangalale ndi chinyezi chopatsa moyo, nthawi zina amayenera kugonjetsa njira ya 10 km.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Nthawi yoswana mu zipembere ilibe nthawi yodzimangirira, koma machitidwe awo munyengo yokhwima ndi yachilendo kwambiri. Nkhondo zapakati pa zipembere zachimuna sizachilendo, koma kulimbana kwa amuna ndi akazi mwina mwina ndiwowoneka mwapadera.
Wokondedwayo amafika kwa mkaziyo, ndipo amamuthamangitsa mokwiya. Amuna okhaokha olimbikira kwambiri ndi omwe amakondera azimayi. Atakwaniritsa cholinga chawo, okwatiranawo samakondana, koma chifukwa chokwatirana, ana okongola olemera makilogalamu 50 amabadwa.
Chithunzi ndi chipembere wakhanda
Mkazi nthawi zonse amabweretsa mwana m'modzi. Mwana wakhanda amakula bwino ndipo amatha kuyimirira bwino pamapazi mkati mwa mphindi 15. Mwana wamwamuna amadya mkaka wa mayi kufikira zaka ziwiri, ndipo kulekana ndi mayiyo kumachitika mwana ali ndi zaka zitatu ndi theka.
Chipembere chaching'ono chikabadwa, chotupa chimatchulidwa pamutu pake - ichi ndi chida chamtsogolo cha chipembere - nyanga, yomwe imatha kudziteteza yokha ndi ana ake. Kuthengo, zipembere zimakhala zaka 30, koma pamakhala milandu pomwe anthu azaka zana limodzi adadutsa gawo la theka la zana.
