Iris kapena melanothenia boesmani (Latin Melanotaenia boesemani) idawonekera posachedwa m'madzi odyetsera, koma adayamba kutchuka msanga.
Iyi ndi nsomba yogwira ntchito, koma yayikulu, yomwe imakula mpaka masentimita 14. Ikagulitsidwa pamsika kapena m'sitolo, iris ya Boesman imawoneka imvi m'malo moonekera, osakopa chidwi.
Koma, odziwa bwino komanso okangalika amadzi amapeza izi, akudziwa bwino kuti mtunduwo ubwera mtsogolo. Palibe chinsinsi chamitundu yowala, muyenera kudyetsa nsombazo bwino, sankhani oyandikana nawo oyenera ndipo, koposa zonse, khalani ndi magawo okhazikika mu aquarium.
Monga iris ambiri, ndioyenera kwa amadzi am'madzi omwe ali ndi chidziwitso.
Zimawonongeka kwenikweni, koma ziyenera kusungidwa m'nyanja yayikulu komanso mosamala.
Tsoka ilo, boesman tsopano amadziwika kuti ndi nyama yomwe ili pangozi. Anthu akutchire ali ndi vuto losodza mopitirira muyeso, zomwe zimasokoneza chilengedwe chawo. Pakadali pano, boma laletsa kusodza kwa nsombazi mwachilengedwe, kuti apulumutse anthu.
Kuphatikiza apo, amatha kuphatikizana, ndikuwonjezera chisokonezo m'gululi ndikutaya mitundu yawo yolimba. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zamoyo zomwe zimagwidwa m'chilengedwe zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri monga zachilengedwe komanso zowoneka bwino.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Boesman melanothenia adafotokozedwa koyamba ndi Allen ndi Kros mu 1980. Amakhala ku Asia, kumadzulo kwa Guinea.
Amapezeka m'madzi okhaokha a Aumaru, Hain, Aitinjo ndi omwe amapita nawo. Amakhala m'malo athyathyathya, omata kwambiri pomwe amadyetsa zomera ndi tizilombo.
Imaphatikizidwa mu Red Data Book ngati nyama yomwe ili pangozi, chifukwa chakuti imagwidwa m'chilengedwe ndipo malo okhala achilengedwe ali pachiwopsezo. Pakadali pano, chiletso chakhazikitsidwa pakugwira ndi kutumiza kunja kwa nsombazi mdziko muno.
Kufotokozera
Nsombayi imakhala ndi thupi lalitali, lofanana ndi mitundu yonse ya iris, yothinikizidwa kuchokera mbali ndi msana wamtali komanso wopanikiza. Mimbulu yam'mbali ndiyopingasa, kumapeto kwake kumatakata kwambiri.
Amuna amatalika masentimita 14, akazi amakhala ocheperako, mpaka masentimita 10. Amayamba kupaka utoto wonse kutalika kwa thupi pafupifupi masentimita 8-10.
Kutalika kwa moyo kumadalira momwe amasungidwira ndipo atha kukhala zaka 6-8.
Zovuta pakukhutira
Nsomba yopanda ulemu, komabe, imafunikira magawo amadzi okhazikika mu aquarium ndi zakudya zabwino kwambiri.
Osavomerezeka kwa akatswiri am'madzi am'madzi, chifukwa momwe madzi okhala m'madzi atsopano amakhalira osakhazikika.
Kudyetsa
Omnivorous, mwachilengedwe amadyetsa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, mu zakudya ndi tizilombo, zomera, tizinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono ndi mwachangu. Zakudya zonse zopangira komanso zamoyo zimatha kudyetsedwa mumtsinjewo.
Ndi bwino kuphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazakudya, popeza mtundu wa thupi umadalira kwambiri chakudya.
Kuphatikiza pa zakudya zamoyo, ndibwino kuwonjezera zakudya zamasamba, monga masamba a letesi, kapena chakudya chokhala ndi spirulina.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Irises amawoneka bwino kwambiri m'madzi am'madzi omwe amafanana ndi malo awo achilengedwe.
Boesman melanothenia imachita bwino m'madzi okhala ndi zomera zambiri, koma ndimalo osambira osatseguka. Pansi pamchenga, kuchuluka kwa zomera ndi zokopa, biotope iyi ikufanana ndi madamu aku Guinea ndi Borneo.
Ngati mutha kupangabe kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa kugwere mu aquarium kwa maola angapo, ndiye kuti muwona nsomba zanu zowala kwambiri.
Kuchulukitsa kotsika ndi malita 120, koma iyi ndi nsomba yayikulu komanso yogwira ntchito, chifukwa chake kukula kwa aquarium kumakhala bwino.
Ngati aquarium ili ndi malita 400, ndiye kuti gulu labwino limatha kusungidwa kale. Madzi a aquarium amayenera kuphimbidwa bwino, chifukwa nsomba zimadumphira m'madzi.
Iris ya Boesman imazindikira magawo amadzi komanso zomwe zili ndi ammonia ndi nitrate m'madzi. Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito fyuluta yakunja, ndipo amakonda kuyenda ndipo sangathe kuchepetsedwa.
Magawo amadzi okhutira: kutentha 23-26M, ph: 6.5-8.0, 8 - 25 dGH.
Ngakhale
Nsomba za Boesman zimagwirizana bwino ndi nsomba zofanana mofanana m'nyanja yaikulu yamchere. Ngakhale kuti sizowopsa, zimawopseza nsomba zamanyazi kwambiri ndi zomwe amachita.
Amagwirizana bwino ndi nsomba zothamanga monga Sumatran, zotchinga moto kapena zitsamba za denisoni.
Ikhozanso kusungidwa ndi zikopa. Mutha kuzindikira kuti pali mikangano pakati pa nsombazo, koma monga lamulo, zimakhala zotetezeka, nsomba sizimapweteketsana, makamaka ngati zimasungidwa kusukulu, osati awiriawiri.
Komabe yang'anirani kuti nsomba yapadera isathamangitsidwe, ndikukhala ndi pobisalira.
Iyi ndi nsomba yophunzirira ndipo kuchuluka kwa amuna ndi akazi ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti pasakhale ndewu. Ngakhale ndizotheka kukhala ndi nsomba zokhazokha zogonana mu aquarium, zimakhala zowala kwambiri amuna ndi akazi akamasungidwa limodzi.
Mutha kuyenda ndi ziwerengero zotsatirazi:
- 5 nsomba - kugonana komweko
- 6 nsomba - 3 amuna + 3 akazi
- Nsomba 7 - amuna atatu + ndi akazi anayi
- Nsomba 8 - amuna atatu + ndi akazi 5
- Nsomba 9 - amuna anayi + ndi akazi 5
- Nsomba 10 - zisanu amuna + 5 akazi
Kusiyana kogonana
Zimakhala zovuta kusiyanitsa mkazi ndi wamwamuna, makamaka pakati pa achinyamata, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagulitsidwa ngati mwachangu.
Amuna okhwima ogonana amakhala owala kwambiri, obwerera m'mbuyo, komanso amakhalidwe oipa.
Kubereka
Kumalo oberekera, ndibwino kuti muziyika fyuluta yamkati ndikuyika mbewu zambiri ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono, kapena ulusi wopangira, monga nsalu yotsuka.
Opanga amadyetsedwa kambiri ndi chakudya chamoyo, ndikuwonjezera masamba. Chifukwa chake, mumatsanzira kuyambika kwa nyengo yamvula, yomwe imatsagana ndi zakudya zambiri.
Chifukwa chake chakudyacho chimayenera kukhala chokulirapo kuposa masiku onse komanso chamtundu wapamwamba.
Nsomba zimabzalidwa m'malo operekera, mkazi atakonzeka kuti abereke, azimunawo amakhala naye ndikuphatikiza mazira.
Banjali limaikira mazira kwa masiku angapo, ndipo iliyonse imabala mazira ochulukirachulukira. Obereketsa ayenera kuchotsedwa ngati chiwerengero cha mazira chikuchepa kapena ngati akuwonetsa zizindikiro zakuchepa.
Mwachangu amathyola patatha masiku angapo ndikuyamba kudyetsa ndi tchipisi ndi chakudya chamadzi mwachangu, mpaka atadya microworm kapena brine shrimp nauplii.
Komabe, zimakhala zovuta kukulira mwachangu. Vutoli ndilokuwoloka kwapadera, mwachilengedwe, irises sawoloka ndi mitundu yofananira.
Mu aquarium, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya iris yolumikizana ndi zotsatira zake zosayembekezereka. Nthawi zambiri, mwachangu zotere zimawataya makolo awo.
Popeza izi ndi mitundu yosawerengeka, ndibwino kuti mitundu yambiri ya iris isunge padera.
