Zida zamadzi padziko lapansi zimakhala ndimadzi apansi panthaka. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito osati ndi anthu komanso nyama zokha, koma amafunikiranso pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe. Madzi (H2O) ndi amadzimadzi, olimba, kapena ampweya. Zonse zomwe zimapezeka m'madzi zimapanga hydrosphere, ndiye kuti, chipolopolo chamadzi, chomwe chimapanga 79.8% yapadziko lapansi. Amakhala ndi:
- nyanja;
- nyanja;
- mitsinje;
- nyanja;
- madambo;
- malo osungira;
- madzi apansi;
- nthunzi mumlengalenga;
- chinyezi m'nthaka;
- chivundikiro cha chisanu;
- madzi oundana.
Pofuna kusunga moyo, anthu ayenera kumwa madzi tsiku lililonse. Ndi madzi abwino okha omwe ndi oyenera kuchita izi, koma padziko lathu lapansi ndi ochepera 3%, koma tsopano ndi 0.3% yokha omwe amapezeka. Malo osungira kwambiri akumwa ali ku Russia, Brazil ndi Canada.
Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi
Madzi adawoneka Padziko Lapansi zaka 3.5 biliyoni zapitazo, ndipo sizingadziwike ndi chinthu china chilichonse. Hydrosphere ndi ya chuma chosatha cha padziko lapansi, kupatula apo, asayansi apanga njira yopangira madzi amchere kuti azitha kumwa.
Zida zamadzi ndizofunikira osati kuthandizira miyoyo ya anthu, zomera ndi zinyama zokha, komanso zimaperekanso mpweya wa oxygen pa nthawi ya photosynthesis. Komanso madzi amathandiza kwambiri pakupanga nyengo. Anthu amagwiritsa ntchito chida chofunikira kwambiri m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, muulimi ndi mafakitale. Akatswiri akuganiza kuti m'mizinda ikuluikulu munthu amadya madzi okwanira malita 360 patsiku, ndipo izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi, zimbudzi, kuphika ndi kumwa, kuyeretsa nyumba, kuchapa, kuthirira mbewu, kutsuka magalimoto, kuzimitsa moto, ndi zina zambiri.
Vuto la kuwonongeka kwa Hydrosphere
Limodzi mwa mavuto apadziko lonse lapansi ndi kuwonongeka kwa madzi. Magwero a kuipitsa madzi:
- madzi zinyalala zoweta ndi mafakitale;
- zopangidwa ndi mafuta;
- kuikidwa m'manda ndi zinthu zotulutsa mphamvu m'madzi;
- asidi mvula;
- Manyamulidwe;
- zinyalala zolimba zaboma.
Mwachilengedwe pali chodabwitsa monga kudziyeretsa kwa matupi amadzi, koma chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa matenda chimakhudza chilengedwe kotero kuti pakapita nthawi, mitsinje, nyanja, nyanja zikubwezeretsedwanso movutikira. Madziwo amaipitsidwa, kukhala osayenera osati kumwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwapakhomo kokha, komanso moyo wam'madzi, mitsinje, mitundu yamchere ndi zinyama. Pofuna kukonza chilengedwe, makamaka hydrosphere, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera magwero amadzi, kuwapulumutsa ndikuchita njira zotetezera matupi amadzi.
