Spinone waku Italiya kapena Griffon waku Italiya (English Spinone Italiano) ndi mtundu wa agalu aku Italiya. Poyamba idasinthidwa ngati galu wosaka chilengedwe chonse, kenako idakhala galu wamfuti. Mpaka pano, mtunduwu udasungabe mawonekedwe ake osaka ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazolinga zake. Mwachikhalidwe kusaka, kusaka ndi kugwira masewera, itha kukhala pafupifupi chilichonse kuchokera kwa mnzake mpaka galu wothandizira.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Ndi imodzi mwamagulu akale kwambiri agalu agalu, mwina opitilira zaka 1000 kuposa kusaka mfuti. Mtundu uwu udapangidwa kalekale zolembedwa za kuswana kwa agalu zisanapangidwe, ndipo chifukwa chake, palibe chilichonse chodziwika bwino chokhudza chiyambi.
Zambiri zomwe zikuphunzitsidwa ngati zowona kwenikweni ndizongopeka kapena nthano. Titha kunena kuti mtunduwu ndi wochokera ku Italy ndipo mwina udawonekera zaka mazana angapo zapitazo kudera la Piedmont.
Umboni womwe ulipo ukusonyeza kuti mtunduwu mwina udasinthika pafupifupi momwe udaliri koyambirira kwa Renaissance, ngakhale akatswiri ena amati mwina udawonekera kale 500 BC.
Pali kutsutsana kwakukulu pakati pa akatswiri agalu za momwe angakhalire bwino sipone yachi Italiya. Mitunduyi imadziwika kuti banja la a Griffon, gulu lazingwe zazingwe zomwe zimapezeka ku kontinenti ku Europe. Malinga ndi lingaliro lina, mtunduwu nthawi zambiri umatengedwa ngati kholo la gulu lonseli.
Ena amati mtunduwu umagwirizana kwambiri ndi mitundu ikuluikulu ya British Isles, Irish Wolfhound ndi Scottish Deerhound. Ena amatchulanso ubale wapamtima ndi terriers. Mpaka pomwe maumboni atsopano kapena mbiri yakale atulukire, chinsinsi ichi sichingathetsedwe.
Kutanthauzira koyamba kwa galu wosaka tsitsi ku Italy kudayamba pafupifupi 500 BC. e. Mulingo wa mitundu yaku Italiya umati olemba akale otchuka Xenophon, Faliscus, Nemesian, Seneca ndi Arrian adalongosola za agalu ofanana zaka zoposa zikwi ziwiri zapitazo. Ndizotheka kwambiri kuti olemba awa sanali kufotokoza mtundu wamakono, koma makolo ake.
Zimadziwika kuti Aselote anali ndi agalu angapo osakira okhala ndi malaya okutira. Aselote ku Gaul, m'chigawo cha Roma, ankasunga agalu, omwe olemba achi Roma amatchedwa Canis Segusius. Aselote anali okhala makamaka m'malo ambiri omwe tsopano ndi kumpoto kwa Italy asanagonjetsedwe ndi Aroma.
Chisokonezo chowonjezera pofotokozera chiyambi chenicheni cha mtunduwu ndikuti palibe kutchulidwanso za mtunduwo mpaka chiyambi cha Kubadwanso Kwatsopano cha m'ma 1400 AD. e.; kusiya mpata m'mbiri yakale ya zaka zopitilira chikwi. Izi sizosadabwitsa chifukwa kusungidwa kwa mbiri kudatha mu Mibadwo Yamdima ndi Middle Ages.
Kuyambira m'ma 1300s, nthawi yowunikira idayamba kumpoto kwa Italy yotchedwa Renaissance. Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, mfuti zimagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba kusaka, makamaka posaka mbalame. Njira yosakayi yatsogolera pakupanga mitundu yatsopano, komanso kusintha akale kuti apange galu waluso loyenera.
Kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1400, spinone italiano yabwereranso m'mabuku azakale komanso zojambula za ojambula aku Italiya. Agalu omwe akuwonetsedwa ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi amakono ndipo pafupifupi ndi ofanana. Ena mwa ojambula odziwika kwambiri omwe adaphatikiza mtundu uwu pantchito yawo anali Mantegna, Titian ndi Tiepolo. Zikuwoneka kuti anthu olemera olemera komanso amalonda aku Italy adagwiritsa ntchito mtunduwu pamaulendo awo osaka mbalame.
Chifukwa cha mipata m'mbiri yakale, pamakhala kutsutsana kwakukulu ngati mtundu womwe ukuwonetsedwa pazithunzi za Kubadwanso kwatsopano ndi womwewo omwe olemba mbiri yakale adatchula. Akatswiri ena agalu amati sipinoni ya ku Italiya inachokera ku Cholozera cha ku Spain chomwe tsopano chinatha. Akatswiri aku France akuti mtundu uwu ndiwosakanikirana ndi mitundu ingapo ya French Griffon.
Komabe, pali umboni wochepa wotsimikizira izi. Pakadali pano, ndibwino kunena kuti nthanthizi ndizokayikitsa. Ndizotheka kuti obereketsa aku Italiya atha kusakaniza mtundu uliwonse kuti agalu awo asinthe; komabe, ngakhale spinone yaku Italiya idapangidwa koyamba m'zaka za m'ma 1400, imakhalabe imodzi mwa agalu oyamba mfuti.
Anthu ambiri amavomereza kuti galu wamakonoyu amachokera makamaka kudera la Piedmont. Chimodzi mwa zolembedwa zoyambirira kwambiri za sipinoni wamakono waku Italiya chidayamba ku 1683, pomwe wolemba waku France adalemba buku "La Parfait Chasseur" (The Ideal Hunter). Muntchitoyi, akufotokozera mtundu wa Griffon, wochokera kudera la Piedmont ku Italy. Piedmont ndi dera kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Italy kumalire ndi France ndi Switzerland.
Spinone Italiano yakhazikitsa kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa galu wina waku Italiya, Bracco Italiano. Spinone Italiano imayenda pang'onopang'ono ndipo samawoneka ngati owala kwambiri kapena otsogola. Komabe, ndi waluso kwambiri potulutsa masewera m'madzi, mosiyana ndi Bracco Italiano. Kuphatikiza apo, ubweya wa Spinone Italiano umalola mtunduwu kugwira ntchito mu zomera zowirira kwambiri kapena zowopsa.
M'malo mwake, ndi amodzi mwamitundu yochepa ya agalu yomwe imatha kugwira ntchito m'malo ovuta (tchire ndi nkhalango zowirira) osavulala kwambiri m'maso ndi pakhungu.
Spinone waku Italiya adatchulidwanso dzina la mtundu waminga, pinot (lat. Prunus spinosa). Ndi tchire lolimba kwambiri ndipo ndimalo obisalako mitundu ingapo yaying'ono yamasewera. Sichitha kwa anthu komanso agalu ambiri, chifukwa minga yambiri imang'amba khungu ndikuboola m'maso ndi m'makutu.
Munthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, zigawenga zaku Italiya zomwe zidalimbana ndi asitikali aku Germany zidagwiritsa ntchito mtunduwu kutsatira magulu ankhondo aku Germany. Mitunduyi idakhala yamtengo wapatali kwa okonda dziko lako lenileni, chifukwa imakhala ndi kamvekedwe kabwino kwambiri, kuthekera kugwira ntchito pamalo aliwonse, ngakhale itakhala yovuta bwanji kapena yonyowa, ndipo modabwitsa imakhala chete mukamagwira ntchito ngakhale m'nkhalango zowirira kwambiri. Izi zidalola zigawenga kuti zipewe kubisalira kapena kukonzekera zochita zawo.
Ngakhale kuti mtunduwu udachita bwino, Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse idamuipira. Agalu ambiri anaphedwa pamene anali kuthandiza zigawenga, ndipo ena anafa ndi njala pamene eni ake sakanatha kuwasamalira. Chofunika koposa, kuswana kunatha monga anthu samatha kusaka. Kumapeto kwa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, siponi yachi Italiya inali itatsala pang'ono kutha.
Mu 1949, wokonda mtunduwo, Dr. A. Cresoli, adayendayenda m'dziko lonselo kuyesa kudziwa agalu angati omwe apulumuka. Adapeza kuti obereketsa ochepa omwe adatsala adakakamizidwa kuweta agalu awo ndi agalu ena monga Wirehaired Pointer. Chifukwa cha kuyesetsa kwawo, mtunduwo udabwezeretsedwanso.
Spinone ya ku Italiya imakhalabe mtundu wosowa, koma kutchuka kwake kukukulira pang'onopang'ono, onse ngati galu wosaka mosiyanasiyana komanso mnzake wapabanja.
Kufotokozera
Mtunduwo ndi wofanana ndi agalu ena ometa mfuti monga Germany Pointer, koma olimba kwambiri. Iyi ndi galu wamkulu komanso wolimba. Miyezo imafuna kuti amuna afike 60-70 cm atafota komanso kulemera 32-37 kg, ndipo akazi 58-65 cm ndikulemera 28-30 kg.
Ndi mtundu waukulu wokhala ndi mafupa olimba ndipo umangoyenda mosapumira kuposa wothamanga wothamanga. Galu ndi womangidwa bwino, wamtundu wapakati.
Mphuno ndi yakuya kwambiri komanso yotakata ndipo ikuwoneka pafupifupi lalikulu. Amawoneka wokulirapo kuposa momwe alili, chifukwa cha malaya odulawo. Maso amakhala otalikirana ndipo pafupifupi ozungulira. Mtunduwo uyenera kukhala wowaza, koma mthunzi umatsimikizika ndi malaya agalu. Mtundu uwu uli ndi makutu ataliatali, opendekeka, amakona atatu.
Chovalacho ndi chomwe chimafotokoza bwino kwambiri mtunduwo. Chodabwitsa, galu alibe malaya amkati. Galu uyu ali ndi malaya okhwima, owirira komanso osalala omwe ndi olimba mpaka kukhudza, ngakhale osakhala owundana ngati kanyumba wamba. Tsitsi ndi lalifupi pamaso, kumutu, m'makutu, kutsogolo kwa miyendo ndi mapazi. Pamaso, amapanga masharubu, nsidze komanso ndevu zopota.
Pali mitundu ingapo: yoyera yoyera, yoyera yokhala ndi zofiira kapena mabokosi, red kapena chestnut roan. Mdima wakuda ndi wosavomerezeka, komanso agalu a tricolor.
Khalidwe
Spinone yaku Italiya ndi mtundu womwe umakonda kwambiri banja la banja lawo, womwe umakonda kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ndiwochezeka komanso waulemu kwa alendo, omwe samakonda kuwonetsa nkhanza zochepa.
Mamembala ambiri amtunduwu amakonda kupanga abwenzi atsopano, ndipo galuyo amaganiza kuti munthu watsopano aliyense akhoza kukhala mnzake watsopano. Ngakhale spinone waku Italiya amatha kuphunzitsidwa ngati mlonda, amatha kukhala woyang'anira wosauka kwambiri.
Ngati agwirizane molakwika, agalu ena amatha kukhala amanyazi komanso amanyazi, motero eni ake ayenera kusamala agalu awo kuyambira ali aang'ono kwambiri. Ngati mukuyang'ana galu yemwe mungatenge nawo kupita ndi anthu osawadziwa, monga masewera ampira, ndiye kuti mtunduwu sudzabweretsa vuto.
Amadziwika chifukwa cha kukoma mtima kwake kwapadera komanso kukonda ana, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala mabwenzi apamtima kwambiri. Agalu ali oleza mtima kwambiri ndipo amalekerera zovuta zonse za ana omwe ayenera kuphunzitsidwa momwe angakhalire ndi galu.
Mtundu uwu umakhala bwino kwambiri ndi agalu ena. Mavuto aulamuliro, nkhanza komanso kukhala ndi zinthu zochepa ndizochepa. Ndi mayanjano oyenera, spinone waku Italiya amakonda kwambiri kupanga zibwenzi kuposa kuyambitsa ndewu. Amakonda gulu la galu wina mnyumba ndipo amakhala wokondwa kwambiri mu mgwirizano ndi agalu ena angapo.
Spinone yaku Italiya idapangidwa kuti ipeze masewera ndikuwatenga itawomberedwa, koma kuti isadzipweteke yokha. Zotsatira zake, mtunduwu umawonetsa kukalipira nyama zina ndipo umatha kukhala mnyumba imodzimodzi nawo, bola utagwirizana bwino. Komabe, mamembala ena, makamaka ana agalu, amatha kuwononga amphaka mopitirira muyeso poyesa kusewera.
Poyerekeza ndi agalu ambiri, zimawoneka zosavuta kuphunzitsa. Galu uyu ndiwanzeru kwambiri ndipo amatha kuthana ndi mavuto ndi mavuto pakokha. Komabe, uyu si Labrador Retriever ndipo galuyo akhoza kukhala wamakani.
Ndi mtundu womwe umangomvera omwe amawalemekeza. Ngakhale, iyi si mtundu wa galu yemwe angatsutse ulamuliro wanu nthawi zonse. Makamaka, mwina sangamvere ana omwe, monga akumvetsetsa, ali pamunsi pamndandanda wa paketiyo.
Eni ake akuyeneranso kumvetsetsa kuti uwu ndi mtundu womwe umakonda kugwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono. Ngati mukufuna kuti ntchitoyi ithe msanga, yang'anani mtundu wina. Galu uyu ndiwofatsa ndipo samayankha bwino pakakhala njira zoyipa zophunzitsira.
Spinone Italiano ndi mtundu wamphamvu. Galu ameneyu amafunika kuyendetsedwa mozama tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo ndikofunikira kuti mumupatse nthawi kuti athamangire pamalo abwino.
Kumbukirani kuti uyu ndi galu wogwira ntchito ndipo ali ndi zosowa zolimbitsa thupi. Komabe, mtundu wachikulire umakhala wopanda mphamvu kwambiri kuposa agalu ena ambiri amfuti. Uyu ndi galu womasuka yemwe amakonda kuyenda pang'onopang'ono.
Oyembekezera kukhala nawo ayenera kudziwa chizolowezi chimodzi cha galu uyu wakumwa. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwawo sikukufanana ndi English Mastiff kapena Newfoundland, Spinone yaku Italiya imakusiyirani, mipando yanu ndi alendo nthawi ndi nthawi.
Ngati lingaliro lake ndilonyansa kwa inu, ndiye kuti mtundu wina uyenera kuganiziridwa.
Chisamaliro
Galu ameneyu amafunika kudzikongoletsa pang'ono kuposa mitundu yambiri yomwe ili ndi malaya ofanana. Nthawi zina amafunikira chisamaliro cha akatswiri, koma osati pafupipafupi.
Galu amafunika kudulidwa kawiri kapena katatu pachaka mofanana kwambiri ndi chotchera. Ngakhale eni ake amatha kuphunzira njirayi pawokha, ambiri aiwo amasankha kupewa zovuta.
Kuphatikiza apo, galu uyu amafunika kutsuka mlungu uliwonse, komanso chisamaliro chofunikira pamitundu yonse: kudula, kutsuka mano, ndi zina zotero.
Makamaka amtunduwu ayenera kulipidwa, chifukwa amatha kusonkhanitsa zinyalala ndipo eni ake amayenera kutsuka makutu awo nthawi zonse kuti apewe kukwiya komanso matenda.
Zaumoyo
Spinone Italiano imawerengedwa kuti ndi mtundu wathanzi. Kafukufuku wina waku UK kennel club adapeza kuti mtunduwu umakhala ndi moyo zaka 8.7, koma maphunziro ena ambiri atsimikizira kuti mtunduwu umakhala motalikirapo, pafupifupi zaka 12 kapena kupitilira apo.
Vuto lalikulu kwambiri lomwe mtundu uwu uli nalo ndi cerebellar ataxia. Cerebellar ataxia ndimkhalidwe wakupha womwe umakhudza ana agalu.
Vutoli limakhala locheperako, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti agalu okhawo omwe ali ndi makolo onyamula awiri ndi omwe amatha kuzipeza. Nthawi zonse imapha, ndipo palibe galu yemwe amapezeka kuti amakhala ndi moyo wopitilira miyezi 12.
Ambiri mwa iwo amatumizidwa mwamphamvu pakati pa miyezi 10 ndi 11 yakubadwa. Kuyesedwa kolondola kwa 95% kwapangidwa kuti kuzindikire onyamula, ndipo oweta akuyamba kuigwiritsa ntchito poletsa ana agalu kuti asadwale matendawa mtsogolo.
