Chilengedwe chimakhudzidwa ndi anthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chilengedwe chiwonongeke. Popeza anthu amagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana pakusamalira zachilengedwe, mpweya, madzi, nthaka komanso chilengedwe zimasokonekera. Kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe ndi izi:
- mankhwala;
- chakupha;
- matenthedwe;
- makina;
- nyukiliya.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kuipitsa
Mayendedwe, omwe ndi magalimoto, ayenera kutchulidwa mwazinthu zazikulu kwambiri zoyipitsa. Zimatulutsa mpweya wotulutsa utsi, womwe umadzipezera m'mlengalenga ndikupangitsa kuti kutentha kutenthe. Biosphere imadetsedwanso ndi magetsi - magetsi opangira magetsi, magetsi, malo otentha. Mulingo wina wa kuipitsa umayambitsidwa ndi ulimi ndi ulimi, womwe ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, feteleza amchere, omwe amawononga nthaka, amalowa mumitsinje, m'madzi ndi m'madzi apansi panthaka.
Pochita migodi, zinthu zachilengedwe zimaipitsidwa. Pazinthu zonse zopangira, zosaposa 5% za zinthuzo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito moyera, ndipo 95% yotsalayo ndi zinyalala zomwe zimabwezeretsedwa ku chilengedwe. Pakutulutsa mchere ndi miyala, zowononga izi zimatulutsidwa:
- mpweya woipa;
- fumbi;
- mpweya wakupha;
- ma hydrocarbon;
- nayitrogeni dioxide;
- mpweya sulphurous;
- madzi amiyala.
Zitsulo sizikhala zomaliza pakuwononga zachilengedwe ndi zinthu zina. Ilinso ndi zinyalala zambiri, zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zopangira, zomwe sizitsukidwa ndikuwononga chilengedwe. Pakukonzanso zinthu zachilengedwe, mpweya wochokera m'mafakitale umachitika, zomwe zimawonjezera mkhalidwe wamlengalenga. Choopsa china ndi kuipitsidwa ndi fumbi lolemera kwambiri.
Kuwononga madzi
Zowonongeka monga madzi ndizodetsedwa kwambiri. Ubwino wake umanyazitsidwa ndi madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ndi m'nyumba, mankhwala, zinyalala ndi zamoyo. Izi zimachepetsa madzi, ndikupangitsa kuti asagwiritsidwe ntchito. M'madamu, kuchuluka kwa zinyama ndi zinyama kumachepa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa hydrosphere.
Masiku ano, mitundu yonse yazachilengedwe imavutika ndi kuipitsidwa. Zachidziwikire, mphepo zamkuntho ndi zivomezi, kuphulika kwa mapiri ndi tsunami zimawononga, koma zochitika za anthropogenic ndizovulaza kwambiri pazachilengedwe. Ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse zovuta m'chilengedwe ndikuwongolera kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe.
