Arctic tundra ndi mtundu wina wazachilengedwe, wodziwika ndi chisanu choopsa komanso nyengo yovuta kwambiri. Koma, monga madera ena, nthumwi zosiyanasiyana za nyama ndi zomera zimakhala kumeneko, zosinthidwa kukhala zovuta.
Nyanja ya Arctic ndiyosauka kwambiri pazomera. Amayang'aniridwa ndi chisanu cholimba, madzi oundana, mpaka 50-90 cm kuya. Komabe, zitsamba zazing'ono, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya moss, ndere ndi udzu ndizofala m'malo amenewa. Mitengo yokhala ndi mizu yotambalala sikhala m'malo otere.
Nyengo ya Arctic tundra
Dera lamapiri a Arctic lili kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Chofunika kwambiri m'derali ndi malo okutidwa ndi chipale chofewa. Usiku wa Polar mumtundawu umatha miyezi ingapo. Malo ovutawa amadziwika ndi mphepo yamkuntho yomwe imatha kufika 100 km / h ndipo nthaka idasweka ndi chisanu. Chithunzicho chikufanana ndi chipululu chachipale chofewa, chopanda kanthu, chodzaza ndi zinyalala. Nthawi zina mikwingwirima yazing'ono imadutsa chipale chofewa, ndichifukwa chake tundra amatchedwa mabala.
M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa mpweya ku Arctic tundra kumafika -50 madigiri, pafupifupi -28 madigiri. Madzi onse m'derali amaundana ndipo chifukwa cha madzi oundanawo, ngakhale nthawi yotentha, madziwo sangalowerere pansi. Zotsatira zake zimakhala zakuthira panthaka, ndipo nyanjayo imatha kupanga pamwamba pake. M'chilimwe, tundra imalandira mvula yambiri, yomwe imatha kufikira 25 cm.
Chifukwa cha zovuta izi, anthu samachita chidwi ndi kukhazikika m'dera lino. Ndi mbadwa yokhayo yakumpoto yomwe ingathe kuthana ndi nyengo yovuta.
Flora ndi zinyama
Dera lamtunda mulibe nkhalango. Dera limayang'aniridwa ndi chivundikiro chochepa cha moss-lichen, chomwe "chimasungunuka" ndi madambo. Malowa ali ndi mitundu pafupifupi 1680 yazomera, yomwe pafupifupi 200-300 ili maluwa, ina yonse ndi moss ndi ndere. Zomera zofala kwambiri za tundra ndi ma blueberries, lingonberries, cloudberries, prince, loydia mochedwa, anyezi, poto wowotcha, udzu wa thonje ukazi ndi ena.
Mabulosi abulu
Lingonberry
Mabulosi akutchire
Mfumukazi
Loydia mochedwa
Kusintha kwa nyini
Chimodzi mwazitsamba zotchuka kwambiri ku arctic tundra ndi arctoalpine. Pafupi ndi kumwera, kumapezeka ma birches, ma sedges komanso ma dryads.
Zinyama zamtunduwu sizosiyana kwambiri. Pali mitundu 49 yokha yazamoyo yomwe imakhala pano, kuphatikiza mbalame zam'madzi zosiyanasiyana ndi nyama. Ulimi wa usodzi ndi mphalapala umapangidwa bwino mderali. Oimira odziwika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndi abakha, anyani, atsekwe, mandimu, mapare, ma lark, nkhandwe zazikulu, kalulu woyera, ma ermine, ma weasel, nkhandwe, mphalapala ndi mimbulu. Ndizosatheka kupeza zokwawa, chifukwa sizikhala m'malo ovuta chonchi. Achule amapezeka kufupi ndi kumwera. Salmonids ndi nsomba zodziwika bwino.
Lemming
Partridge
Nkhandwe ya ku Arctic
Kalulu
Sungani
Weasel
Fox
Mphalapala
Nkhandwe
Pakati pa tizilombo tundra, pali udzudzu, mabuluwa, agulugufe ndi masika. Permafrost siyothandiza kuti nyama ziberekane komanso kuti pakhale nyama zosiyanasiyana. Ku Arctic tundra kulibe zamoyo zilizonse zobisalaza.
Mchere
Dera lamapiri lotentha kwambiri lili ndi zinthu zambiri zofunikira. Apa mutha kupeza mchere monga mafuta ndi uranium, zotsalira za mammoth yaubweya, komanso chitsulo ndi mchere.
Lero, nkhani ya kutentha kwanyengo komanso kukhudzidwa kwa Arctic tundra pazachilengedwe padziko lapansi ndizowopsa. Chifukwa cha kutentha, madzi oundana amayamba kusungunuka ndipo kaboni dayokisaidi ndi methane zimalowa m'mlengalenga. Kusintha kwanyengo mwachangu sikukhudzidwa kwenikweni ndimachitidwe a anthu.
