Nkhalango zotakata kwambiri zimapezeka ku East Asia ndi Europe, North America, New Zealand ndi Chile. Amakhala ndi mitengo yodula yomwe ili ndi mbale zazitali kwambiri. Awa ndi ma elms ndi mapulo, mitengo yayikulu ndi lindens, phulusa ndi njuchi. Amakula m'nyengo yotentha ndi nyengo yozizira komanso yotentha.
Vuto logwiritsa ntchito nkhalango
Vuto lalikulu lazachilengedwe la nkhalango zowononga mitengo ndi kudula mitengo. Mtundu wamtengo wapatali kwambiri ndi thundu, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipando ndi zinthu zapakhomo. Popeza kuti nkhuni zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama kwazaka zambiri, mitunduyi yamitundu ikucheperachepera. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga ndi kutenthetsa pogona, popangira mankhwala ndi mapepala, ndipo zipatso ndi bowa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya.
Kudula mitengo kumachitika kuti madera onse azilimidwa. Tsopano nkhalango imakhala yotsika, ndipo nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza kusinthana kwa nkhalango ndi munda. Mitengo imadulidwanso kuti igwiritse ntchito malowa pakugwiritsa ntchito njanji ndi misewu ikuluikulu, kukulitsa malire amalo okhala ndi nyumba zomangira.
Njirayi chifukwa chake nkhalango zidulidwa ndipo dothi limamasulidwa ku mitengo kuti lipititse patsogolo chitukuko chachuma limatchedwa kudula mitengo mwachisawawa, lomwe ndi vuto lachilengedwe lazachilengedwe masiku athu ano. Tsoka ilo, liwiro la njirayi ndi 1.4 miliyoni kV. Makilomita mzaka 10.
Mavuto oyambira
Kusintha kwa nkhalango zowuma kumakhudzidwa ndi kusintha kwa nyengo ndi nyengo. Popeza dziko lapansi pano likuwotha kutentha kwadziko, izi sizingakhudze chilengedwe cha nkhalango. Popeza mlengalenga tsopano waipitsidwa, umasokoneza maluwa a m'nkhalango. Zinthu zovulaza zikafika mlengalenga, zimayamba kugwa ngati mvula ya asidi ndikuwonjeza mkhalidwe wa zomerazo: photosynthesis imasokonezedwa ndikukula kwa mitengo kumachepa. Mvula yapafupipafupi, yodzaza ndi mankhwala, imatha kupha nkhalango.
Moto woyaka m'nkhalango umawopseza nkhalango zowononga. Zimapezeka pazifukwa zachilengedwe nthawi yachilimwe, kutentha kwamlengalenga kukakhala kwakukulu, ndipo mpweya sugwa, komanso chifukwa cha mphamvu ya anthropogenic, pomwe anthu sanazimitse moto nthawi.
Mavuto akulu azachilengedwe a nkhalango zowuma adatchulidwa, koma palinso ena, monga kuwononga nyama ndi kuwononga zinyalala, komanso enanso ambiri.
