Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) ndi nyama yayikulu kwambiri yamtunduwu - nyalugwe. Uyu ndiye woimira womaliza pamtundu wake, kupatula kwa iye palibe anyani padziko lapansi. Chomwe chimasiyanitsa ndikuti - nyama yofulumira kwambiri padziko lapansi ndipo imatha kupitilira mpaka 120 km / hKomanso, katsamba kameneka kali ndi zikhadazo zochotseka - izi sizipezeka kuzilombo zina.
Kufotokozera
Wowonera wamba angaganize kuti nyalugwe ndi nyama yosalimba kwambiri komanso yosakhwima: yopyapyala, yoyenda, yopanda mafuta amodzi, minofu yokha ndi mafupa okutidwa ndi khungu losazolowereka. M'malo mwake, thupi la mphalayi ndilopambana kwambiri ndipo limakopa chidwi chake.
Wamkulu amatha kufika mpaka mita mpaka 120 cm kutalika, kulemera kwake ndi 50 kg. Ubweya, wofupikitsa komanso wocheperako, umakhala ndi utoto wonyezimira, wamchenga, womwe, padziko lonse lapansi, kupatula pamimba, kutentha kwapang'ono kwakuda kwamitundu ndi kukula kwake kumwazikana. Chovala chaubweya wotere chimatenthetsa bwino paka paka nyengo yozizira ndikupulumutsa ku kutentha kwakukulu. Kuchokera ku bulauni wonyezimira, wagolide, maso mpaka pakamwa amapita owonda, osapitilira theka la sentimita m'lifupi, mizere yakuda, zomwe zimatchedwa "zikwangwani". Kuphatikiza pazolinga zokongoletsa, mikwingwirima iyi imagwira ntchito ngati zowonera - zimakulolani kuyang'anitsitsa nyamayo ndikuteteza ku kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Amuna, mosiyana ndi akazi, amakhala ndi katsitsi kakang'ono ka tsitsi lalitali m'khosi mwawo. Zowona, atangobadwa, amphaka onse ali ndi zokongoletserazi, koma ali ndi zaka miyezi 2.5 amatayika amphaka. Pamwamba pa mane, pang'ono, poyerekeza ndi thupi, mutu uli ndi makutu ang'onoang'ono, ozungulira, mphuno yakuda.
Akatswiri ali ndi chidaliro kuti cheetahs onse amakhala ndi masomphenya apakatikati komanso owonera patali. Amatha kutsatira nthawi yomweyo masewera omwe asankhidwa posaka ndikuwona zomwe zikuchitika mozungulira. Ndi chifukwa cha ichi, amawerengedwa kuti ndi alenje osayerekezeka, nyama zomwe amawatsata alibe mwayi wopulumutsidwa.
Mitundu ndi subspecies ya cheetah
Mitundu isanu yokha ya nyama zokongolazi ndi zomwe zatsala mpaka lero:
1. Cheetah waku Africa (mitundu 4):
- Acinonyx jubatus hecki;
- Acinonyx jubatus fearoni;
- Acinonyx jubatus jubatus;
- Acinonyx jubatus soemmerringi;
2. Cheetah wa ku Asia.
Ma cheetah aku Asia amasiyana ndi anzawo aku Africa mu khosi lamphamvu kwambiri ndikufupikitsa miyendo. Komanso m'mbuyomu, asayansi adasiyanitsa mtundu wina wa nyalugwe - wakuda, koma popita nthawi zidapezeka kuti nzika zaku Kenya izi ndizovuta kwambiri pakusintha kwa majini.
Asiatic cheetah
Nthawi zina, monga nyama zina zoyamwitsa, maalubino, omwe amadziwika kuti amphaka achifumu, amatha kupezeka mu cheetahs. M'malo mwa timadontho, mikwingwirima yakuda yayitali imakokedwa pamsana pake, utoto wake ndi wopepuka, ndipo mane ndi wamfupi komanso wamdima. Panalinso mikangano yayitali yokhudza iwo mu sayansi: asayansi sanadziwe kuti awagawike ngati mtundu wina, kapena zina zakunja ndizotsatira zakusintha. Mtundu watsopanowu udawonekera pambuyo poti mwana wamphaka adabadwa ndi ma cheetah achifumu mu 1968, mosiyana ndi abale omwe si achifumu omwe amadziwika ndi aliyense.
Chikhalidwe
Cheetah amakhala m'zigawo zachilengedwe monga chipululu ndi chipululu, chikhalidwe chachikulu chokhala ndi kupumula kwamasamba. M'mbuyomu, ma feline anali kupezeka pafupifupi m'maiko onse aku Asia, koma tsopano awonongedwa kwathunthu ku Egypt, Afghanistan, Morocco, Western Sahara, Guinea, United Arab Emirates, nthawi zina anthu ochepa amapezeka ku Iran. Tsopano kwawo ndi Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of Congo, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Kenya, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Somalia ndi Sudan. Kuphatikiza apo, amapezeka ku Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Chad, Ethiopia, Central African Republic ndi South Africa. Ku Swaziland, kuchuluka kwawo kwayambiranso mwanzeru.
Mitundu yotsatirayi ikuwoneka kuti yatha:
- Acinonyx aicha;
- Acinonyx intermedius;
- Acinonyx kurteni;
- Acinonyx pardinensis ndi nyalugwe waku Europe.
Kumtchire, mphaka wamkuluyu amatha kukhala zaka 20 mpaka 25, ndikundende mpaka 32.
Zomwe zimadya
Chakudya chachikulu cha cheetah ndi:
- nswala;
- ng'ombe zamphongo;
- impala;
- hares;
- Mbawala.
Usiku, chilombochi nthawi zambiri chimasaka nyama ndipo chimakonda kugwira ntchito m'mawa kapena dzuwa litangolowa, kutentha kukazizira ndipo cheza cha dzuwa sichimaphimba.
Sagwiritsa ntchito fungo lake posaka, zida zake zazikulu ndizowona bwino komanso kuthamanga. Popeza palibenso pobisalira, mabwinja awo samabisala, powona wovulalayo mtsogolo, amawupeza ndikudumphadumpha kangapo, kuwugwetsa pansi ndi chikwapu champhamvu ndikulumata pakhosi pake. Ngati, mkati mwa 300 m yoyamba ya kuthamangitsako, nyamayo siidapezeke, kufunafuna kumaleka: kuthamanga kwambiri kumakwaniritsa nyama, ndipo mapapo ochepa salola kuti athamangitsidwe kwanthawi yayitali.
Kubereka
Zinyama zimakula msinkhu wa zaka 2.5-3, mimba imatenga masiku 85 mpaka 95, ana amabadwa opanda thandizo. Mpaka masiku 15, amphaka ndi akhungu, sangathe kuyenda ndikungokwawa. Chisamaliro chonse cha anawo chimangokhala m'mapewa azimayi, omwe akulera anawo chaka chonse, mpaka nthawi yotsatira. Kutenga gawo kwamwamuna pakuberekanso zamoyo kumathera pompano ndi umuna.
Zosangalatsa
- M'mbuyomu, nyalugwe ankasungidwa ngati ziweto ndipo ankagwiritsidwa ntchito posaka nyama zosavuta.
- Mwachidziwikire, m'mbuyomu adani awa amakhalanso m'dera la Kievan Rus ndipo amatchedwa Pardus, amatchulidwa mu "Lay of Igor's Regiment".
- Akambuku ndi okwera bwino kwambiri: alenje anawaphunzitsa kukwera kumbuyo kwawo pamsana pa akavalo, ndipo pofuna kusaka bwino anali oyenera kulandira chithandizo - mkatikati mwa chikho chosaka.
- Mu ukapolo, amphaka awa samaswana.
