Zachidziwikire kuti aliyense wa ife adafunsa funso: zimatheka bwanji kuti mbalame zizikhala motetezeka ngakhale zili pamawaya? Kupatula apo, zopangira zamagetsi zimakhala ndi ma volt mazana ndipo zitha kuwononga anthu. Chifukwa chiyani anthu sayenera kukhudza waya womwe umafalitsa magetsiwa, komanso mbalame sizimagwira mawaya kwa maola ambiri? Yankho lake ndi losavuta kuposa momwe zingawoneke.
Chilichonse choyambira ndi chosavuta
Chinsinsi cha kukhala bwino kwa mbalame pama waya chikupezeka pazinthu zodziwika bwino za fizikiya ndi zamagetsi.
Mphamvu yamagetsi imachitika pamene tinthu tating'onoting'ono timayenda pakati pa mfundo ziwiri. Pokhala ndi waya wokhala ndi ma voltages osiyanasiyana kumapeto, ma tinthu tating'onoting'ono timasunthira kuchoka pamzere wina kupita kwina. Nthawi yomweyo, mbalameyi imakhala mlengalenga kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo imakhalanso ndi dielectric (chinthu chomwe sichitha kuyendetsa magetsi).
Palibe kugwedezeka kwamagetsi komwe kumachitika mbalameyo ikaikidwa pa waya wamagetsi. Izi ndichifukwa choti mbalameyi imazunguliridwa ndi ma dielectric - mpweya. Ndiye kuti, palibe njira yomwe ikuchitika pakati pa waya ndi mbalameyo. Pofuna kuti kayendedwe ka tinthu tating'onoting'ono titheke, mfundo yokhala ndi kuthekera kochepa imafunika, yomwe kulibe.
Zotsatira zake, ma voliyumu omwewo sawopsa mbalameyo. Koma, zikachitika kuti mapiko a nthenga amakhudza chingwe choyandikana nacho, chomwe chimakhala chosiyana kwambiri, chimakhudzidwa ndi mphamvu zomwe zilipo (zomwe ndizosatheka, chifukwa mawaya ake amakhala pamtunda wokwanira kulumikizana).
Mbalame ndi mawaya
Pali zochitika zomwe mbalame zakhala chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mzere wamagetsi. Pali zochitika zochepa ngati izi, koma zilipo: mbalame zonyamula chidutswa pakamwa pawo zomwe zimatha kuyendetsa magetsi zimayambitsa gawo lalifupi pamzere. Izi ndichifukwa choti zakuthupi (mwachitsanzo, waya) ndi mtundu wa mlatho, woyendetsa ndipo, polumikizana ndi waya, mayendedwe apano.
Kuti mbalame igwedezeke pamagetsi, muyenera kunama pa ma insulators. Komanso, kukula kwa nthenga kuyenera kukhala kokongola. Mbalame yayikulu imatha kupangitsa kuti pakhale magetsi, omwe angawonongeke.
Anthu amathanso kukhudza mawaya amagetsi, koma pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera komanso ukadaulo.
