M'chilengedwe pomwe kudaliko chitukuko, zida za anthropogenic zakhala zikuchitika zomwe zimagwirizana ndi chilengedwe:
- malo akale;
- midzi;
- midzi;
- mizinda;
- minda;
- mabacteria mafakitale;
- zomangamanga, ndi zina zambiri.
Zinthu zonsezi zidapangidwa pamagawo ang'onoang'ono komanso madera akuluakulu, okhala m'malo ambiri okongola, chifukwa chake makinawa amabweretsa kusintha kwakukulu pachilengedwe. Ngati munthawi zakale komanso zamakedzedwe izi zachilengedwe zinali zopanda pake, anthu mwamtendere amakhala limodzi ndi zachilengedwe, mu Middle Ages, nthawi ya Renaissance komanso munthawi ino, kulowereraku kukuwonekera kwambiri.
Kukhazikika kwakumizinda
Machitidwe achilengedwe a anthropogenic amasiyanitsidwa ndi kuphatikizana, chifukwa amawonetsera mawonekedwe achilengedwe ndi anthropogenic. Pakadali pano, machitidwe onse amatenga nawo gawo pazochitika zamatawuni. Chodabwitsa ichi chinayamba kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi. Zotsatira zake ndi izi:
- malire a midzi asintha;
- m'mizinda muli malo ochulukirapo komanso zachilengedwe;
- kuipitsa biosphere ikukula;
- zinthu zachilengedwe zikusintha;
- dera lamapiri osakhudzidwa likuchepa;
- zachilengedwe zikutha.
Mkhalidwe woyipitsitsa wazachilengedwe uli mumachitidwe achilengedwe komanso anthropogenic monga megacities. Awa ndi mizinda ya London ndi New York, Tokyo ndi Mexico City, Beijing ndi Bombay, Buenos Aires ndi Paris, Cairo ndi Moscow, Delhi ndi Shanghai. Mndandanda ukupitilira, kumene. Mizinda iliyonse ili ndi zovuta zambiri zachilengedwe. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuipitsa mpweya, kuipitsa phokoso, kusakhala bwino kwa madzi, kutentha kwa dziko, ndi mvula yamchere. Zonsezi zimakhudzanso thanzi la anthu, komanso zimabweretsa kusintha kwa chilengedwe, kuchepa kwa madera achilengedwe, kuwononga malo azomera komanso kuchepa kwa nyama.
Kuphatikiza apo, machitidwe achilengedwe ndi anthropogenic amakhudzanso chilengedwe ndi madera oyandikira. Mwachitsanzo, kumadera omwe nkhuni ndi nkhuni zazikulu, nkhalango zonse zawonongeka. Mothandizidwa ndi mitengo, anthu samangomanga nyumba zokha, komanso amatenthetsa nyumba zawo, kuphika chakudya. Zomwezi zimachitikanso m'malo omwe pamafunika magetsi ndi gasi wosakhazikika.
Chifukwa chake, machitidwe a anthropogenic ndi masoka-anthropogenic, monga malo okhala anthu, amakhudza kwambiri chilengedwe. Tithokoze kwa iwo, zinthu zachilengedwe zimasintha, zipolopolo zonse za dziko lapansi zaipitsidwa ndipo zabwino zachilengedwe za Dziko lapansi zimawonongedwa kwambiri.
