Lipenga limawerengedwa kuti ndi mbalame yosangalatsa ngati ku Crane ngati mbalame. Mbalame zinatchedwa ndi dzina losangalatsa lomwe amuna amapanga. South America imawerengedwa kuti ndi malo okhala pafupipafupi. Cranes amapezekanso ku Brazil, Peru, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana. Malo okhala abwino ndi malo otseguka m'nkhalango zam'madera otentha.
Kufotokozera kwathunthu
Mbalame ya lipenga ndi yofanana ndi nkhuku wamba. Nyamayo imakula mpaka 43-53 cm m'litali ndipo imalemera osapitilira 1 kg. Mbalame zimakhala ndi khosi lalitali komanso mutu wawung'ono. Palibe tsitsi kuzungulira maso, mlomo ndi wamfupi komanso wakuthwa. Kumbuyo kwa mbalame ya lipenga imakodwa, yomwe imatha kuwonedwa ndi maso, mchira ndi wamfupi. Mwambiri, chinyama chimapereka chithunzi cha nyama yonenepa komanso yosakhazikika. M'malo mwake, thupi la Cranes ndilolonda, ndipo miyendo ndiyitali (chifukwa cha iwo, lipenga limathamanga mwachangu).
Mwachilengedwe, pali mitundu itatu ya malipenga: yaimvi-kumbuyo, mapiko obiriwira ndi mapiko oyera.
Moyo
Trumpeter amakhala mu ziweto, momwe chiwerengero cha anthu akhoza kufika 30 zidutswa. Ali mgulu la anthu wamba lotchedwa cooperative polyandry. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pali akazi ndi amuna opambana pamutu pa paketiyo. Mkazi mmodzi amatha kukhala ndi amuna angapo nthawi imodzi. Gulu lonse limasamalira anapiye ang'onoang'ono ndikulera.
Gulu la olira malipenga 3-12 limatumizidwa kukafunafuna chakudya. Amatha kuyendayenda pansi, kuyambitsa masamba, kukhala okhutira ndi zomwe zagwa kuchokera kumwamba kuchokera ku anyani ndi mbalame. Pakakhala nyengo ya chilala kapena njala, magulu oliza lipenga amatha kupikisana.
Chikhalidwe cha moyo paketi ndi kusawoneka kwawo. Ngati pangakhale kukayikilidwa kuti pangakhale chiwopsezo chochepa, gulu lonse limasunthira mwakachetechete kwa wobisalayo ndikufuula mokweza, posonyeza kuti ali ndi ufulu wokhala ndi malowa. Kuphatikiza apo, mbalame zolimba mtima zimatha kugunda adani ndikuwomba mapiko awo, kwinaku zikufuula mokweza.
Kwa usiku, oimba malipenga amasamukira ku nthambi za mitengo, koma ngakhale kuli mdima, gawolo likupitilizabe kutetezedwa.
Zoswana
Chibwenzi champhongo chachikazi chimayamba isanayambike nyengo yamvula. Nthawi yomweyo, makolo omwe akuyenera kukhala akufunafuna malo abwino omangira chisa. Monga lamulo, nyumbayi imamangidwa pamwamba pamtunda pansi pa mtengo kapena mphanda. Pansi penipeni pa chisa, anthu amaika nthambi zing'onozing'ono.
Pakati pa nyengo yakubala, yaimuna ndiyo imalamulira yaikazi. Amamudyetsa, ndikusamalira moyo wa osankhidwa. Popeza pali amuna angapo, amayamba kumenyera ufulu wokhala ndi wamkazi. Atasankha nthumwi yamwamuna yomwe amamukonda, mkaziyo akufulumira kuti amusonyeze msana, ndikumuitanira kuti azikumana. Mkazi amatha kuikira mazira kangapo pachaka. Nthawi yosakaniza imatha pafupifupi mwezi. Anapiye aang'ono amafunikira kwambiri chisamaliro cha makolo.
Anapiye omwe amabadwa amakhala ndi mtundu wobisa, womwe umawathandiza kuti amadzibisa okha kuchokera kuzilombo zanjala. Akamakula, nthenga za mbalame zimasintha. Pambuyo pa masabata asanu ndi limodzi, nthenga za makanda zimakhala chimodzimodzi ndi akulu.
Kudya mbalame
Olankhula malipenga sawuluka bwino, nthawi zambiri chakudya chawo chimakhala ndi chakudya chomwe nyama zomwe zaponyedwa kumtunda, mwachitsanzo, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe, anyani akulira, mbalame, anyani. Zokoma zomwe amakonda kwambiri crane ndi zipatso zowutsa mudyo (makamaka popanda khungu lakuda), nyerere, kafadala, chiswe, tizilombo tina, mphutsi zawo ndi mazira.
