Njoka yamizeremizere (Regina alleni) ndi yamtundu woyipa.
Kufalitsa kwa njoka yamadambo yamizere.
Njoka yamizeremizere imagawidwa ku Florida konse, kupatula madera akumadzulo kwambiri.
Malo okhalapo njoka yamizeremizere.
Njoka yamizeremizere ndi njoka yodabwitsa yopanda m'madzi yomwe imapezeka m'madzi oyenda pang'onopang'ono komanso oyenda pang'onopang'ono okhala ndi zomera zambiri zoyandama, monga madambo a cypress ndi mitsinje yamadzi osefukira. Nthawi zambiri imapezeka m'malo osungira m'mene madzi amakulira. Njoka zambiri zimakhala pakati pamasamba am'madzi ndi makalasi owuma azomera zoyandama, pomwe matupi awo amakwezedwa kwathunthu kapena pang'ono pamwamba pamadzi. Hyacinths amadzi amakopekanso ndi nsomba zazinkhanira chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zomera zowola.
Kuphatikiza apo, zomera zowirira zam'madzi zimateteza ku zolusa kwa njoka zamizeremizere. Kuchuluka kwa njoka m'madamu otere kumalumikizidwa ndi madzi, omwe alibe chilengedwe komanso kashiamu wosungunuka. Izi zimachepetsa kukula kwa zinyama zakutchire zomwe nyama zokwawa zimadya. Njoka zamizeremizere zimabisala m'mabowo a crayfish m'nyengo yozizira komanso yachisanu, komanso m'maenje am'madzi okutidwa ndi zomera zam'madzi.
Zizindikiro zakunja za njoka yamizeremizere.
Njoka yamizeremizere imakhala ndi thupi lakuda lobiriwira ngati azitona lokhala ndi mikwingwirima itatu yayitali yotalikirapo. Pakhosilo ndichikasu, ndimizere ingapo yama mawanga pakati. Njoka yamtunduwu imasiyana ndi mitundu ina yamiyeso yosalala, kupatula masikelo owoneka bwino mwa amuna, omwe amakhala kumbuyo kumbuyo kwa mchira mpaka ku cloaca.
Njoka zamadambo zamadambo ndizochepa kwambiri pamtundu wa Regina. Anthu opitilira 28.0 cm kutalika amawerengedwa kuti ndi achikulire. Njoka zazikulu zimakula kuchokera 30.0 mpaka 55.0 cm, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi magalamu 45.1. Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri inali ndi kutalika kwa thupi kwa 50.7 ndi 60.6 cm.Njoka zazing'ono zamizeremizere zolemera zolemera 3.1 g ndikutalika kwa thupi la 13.3 mm, ndipo zimasiyana pang'ono ndi utoto kuchokera kwa akulu.
Njoka zakuthwa zam'madzi zimasinthasintha mawonekedwe a chigaza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azidyetsedwa mwapadera. Chigoba chawo ndi mafupa ovuta ndipo chimatsimikizira ukadaulo wamtunduwu. Njoka zam'madzi zamizeremizere zimagwiritsa ntchito nkhono yolimba ya nkhanu ndipo zimakhala ndi mano apadera, osunthika kuti agwire nkhono yolimba ya nkhanu. Amadyetsa osati kokha nsomba zazinkhanira zosungunuka ndi zipolopolo zofewa. Amuna amtundu wa njokayi ndi ocheperako thupi ndipo amakula msanga kuposa akazi.
Kuberekanso kwa njoka yamadambo yamizere.
Njoka zamizeremizere zokhala ndimizere zimaberekana, koma ndizochepa zomwe zimapezeka pokhudzana ndi kubereka komanso kubala pakati pa zokwawa. Kukwatana kumayenera kuchitika nthawi yachilimwe. Mitundu imeneyi ndi viviparous. Mwa ana, pali ana anayi mpaka khumi ndi awiri (koma nthawi zambiri sikisi) njoka zazing'ono. Amawoneka m'madzi pakati pa Julayi ndi Seputembara. Pambuyo pa zaka ziwiri, amabereka ana okhala ndi thupi lalitali masentimita 30. Nthawi yamoyo ya njoka zamizeremizere m'chilengedwe sichidziwika.
Khalidwe la njoka yamadambo yamizere.
Njoka zam'madzi zam'madzi nthawi zambiri zimawala padzuwa nthawi yozizira ndipo zimakhala mumthunzi kapena pansi pamadzi nthawi yotentha.
Amakhala otanganidwa komanso amasaka kwambiri masika ndi koyambirira kwa chilimwe; m'miyezi yozizira yachisanu amakhala osagwira ntchito.
Amalandira chakudya usiku komanso nthawi yakumadzulo. Khansa imapezeka ndikusuntha kwawo, molondola modabwitsa, kuzindikira komwe wozunzidwayo anali. Pakakhala chiwopsezo ku moyo, njoka zamizeremizere zimabisala pansi pamadzi. Mosiyana ndi njoka zina zambiri za Regina, sizimaluma kawirikawiri. Komabe, pazochitika zapadera, njoka zamadambo zamizeremizere zimatulutsa kutuluka kwazitsulo kuchokera ku cloaca. Kutulutsidwa kwa chinthu chonunkhira kumawopseza nyama zina zodya nyama. Choyamba, njokayo imayesa kuwopseza mdani, kutsegula pakamwa pake, kugwedeza ndi kugwedeza nsana wake. Kenako amawonetsa zodzitchinjiriza, ndikupinda thupi lomwe likugundana ndi mpira. Pankhaniyi, njokayo imabisa mutu wake m'zingwe ndipo imagwedeza thupi kuchokera mbali.
Kudyetsa njoka yamizeremizere.
Njoka zamadambo okhala ndi mikwingwirima ndizo zokwawa zodziwika bwino kwambiri zomwe zimadya nsomba zazinkhanira. Akuluakulu amadyetsa nsomba zazinkhanira za Procambarus zokha. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya njoka, njoka zamizeremizere zam'madzi sizimakonda ma crustaceans panthawi inayake ya molt yawo; apanga kusintha kwakapangidwe kazomwe amagwiritsa ntchito nkhanu zokutidwa ndi chitin cholimba.
Mitundu iwiri ya nkhanu zomwe zimakhala ku Florida nthawi zambiri zimapezeka pazakudya - Procambarus fallax ndi Procambarus alleni.
Chakudyacho chili ndi amphibiya ndi tizilombo monga kafadala, cicadas, isoptera, ziwala ndi agulugufe. Njoka zazing'ono zosakwana 20.0 cm zimadya ma decapod crustaceans (makamaka nkhanu za banja la Palaemonidae), pomwe anthu omwe amakula masentimita 20.0 amatalika kuwononga mphutsi za dragonfly. Momwe zimakhalira nyama mukamadya zimadalira kukula kwa wovulalayo poyerekeza ndi njoka. Ma decapods amawakonza mosamala, mosasamala kanthu za kukula kwake, pomwe amphibiya amameza kuchokera kumutu, kupatula timbalame tating'onoting'ono kwambiri, tomwe timadyedwa ndi njoka kumchira. Njoka zazikuluzikulu zam'madzi zimagwira nsomba zazingwe pamimba, ndikuyika nyama mosemphana ndi chigaza, mosasamala kanthu za kukula kwake kapena gawo la molting.
Ntchito yachilengedwe ya njoka yamizeremizere.
Njoka zazingwe za Crayfish zimadya nyama zosiyanasiyana. Amakhala ngati nyama yodya nyama yapaderadera m'madzi ndipo amatenga gawo lofunikira pakusamalira zachilengedwe. Zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa nsomba zazinkhanira, m'malo okhawo momwe kuchuluka kwa njoka kumakhala kwakukulu.
M'magulu ena amadzi, njoka zamizeremizere sizimagwira ntchito yayikulu pakukhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa nsomba zazinkhanira, zomwe kuwonongeka kwake kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa, popeza ma crustaceans, mwa kudya detritus, amatenga gawo lofunikira pakuzungulira kwa michere m'madzi. Njoka zamizeremizere zimakhala ndi nyama zolusa, mbalame, nyama zoyamwitsa komanso ngakhale nsomba zazinkhanira. Khansa nthawi zambiri imadya njoka zobadwa kumene. Njoka zazikulu zimasakidwa ndi njoka, ma raccoon, otters amtsinje, ndi ntchentche.
Kuteteza njoka yamadambo yamizere.
Anthu okhala ndi njoka yamadambo yamizeremizere amaonedwa kuti ndi okhazikika pamitundu yonse. Chiwerengero cha anthu ku South Florida chikuchepa chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kayendedwe ka madzi m'madzi ena. Kusintha kwa anthropogenic kumakhudza madera oyenera njoka yamizeremizere, makamaka chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa nkhalango zowirira zam'madzi zam'madzi. Njoka yamadambo yamizeremizere imavoteledwa kuti ndi Yovuta Kwambiri ndi IUCN.
