Zimakhala zovuta kulingalira kapangidwe ka aquarium popanda chinthu chofunikira monga zomera zam'madzi. Ndipo izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa chokongoletsedwa bwino komanso mokongoletsa, sangokhala zokongoletsa zabwino zokha, komanso kuwonjezera chithumwa chake. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti ndi mbewu zomwe zimapezeka mu aquarium zomwe zimatsimikizira momwe chombocho chilili.
Mwachitsanzo, pogwiritsa ntchito zomera zobiriwira zam'madzi, zithunzi zomwe zimawoneka pansipa, mutha kupanga malo owoneka bwino, omwe mawonekedwe ake amatenga mzimu wa aliyense amene amawawona. Chowonadi ndi chakuti akunena kuti si mwini yekha wa aquarium, komanso nsomba zomwe zimakhala mmenemo, zimapindula ndi zomera zosankhidwa bwino.
Ntchito yachilengedwe
Zomera m'madzi osungira ndizofunikira osati kokha pakupanga kapangidwe kokongoletsa kokongola. Chifukwa chake, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa:
- Kubwezeretsanso chilengedwe chachilengedwe.
- Kupititsa patsogolo chilengedwe cham'madzi ndi mpweya.
- Ntchito yofunikira kwambiri yazamoyo zonse zomwe zimakhala mchombocho.
- Ndipo izi sizitengera kuti chomera cha m'nyanja yam'madzi ndi mtundu wina wa zosefera zomwe zimatsuka madzi pazinthu zosiyanasiyana.
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, zomera, zithunzi zomwe zimatha kuwonedwa patsamba lodziwika bwino la aquarium, zimathandiza kwambiri kuti nsomba ndi anthu ena okhala mumtsinjewo azigwiranso ntchito. Ponena za akale, amagwiritsa ntchito zomera zam'madzi nthawi yobereka. Chifukwa chake, zomera zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga chisa, zina poyikira mazira ndi pogona potsatira mwachangu akhanda. Ndipo sizikutanthauza kuti mitundu ina yazomera imatha kukhala ngati chakudya cha nsomba zoweta.
Zofunika! Kukhalapo kwa zomera m'nkhokwe yopangira kumabweretsa kwambiri mikhalidwe yake pafupi ndi zachilengedwe, potero kumalimbikitsa nzika zake kuti ziulule bwino mikhalidwe yawo ndi machitidwe awo.
Mitundu
Pofuna kusanja mitundu yambiri yazomera zosiyanasiyana, zosiyana ndi mawonekedwe ake momwe adayikidwira mu aquarium, adagawika m'magulu angapo. Chifukwa chake, lero pali:
- Zomera zam'madzi zam'madzi zam'madzi zomwe zimazika panthaka.
- Zomera za Aquarium zomwe zimayandama m'madzi.
- Zomera za Aquarium zomwe zimayandama pamadzi.
Tiyeni tione aliyense wa iwo payekhapayekha.
Kuyika pansi
Monga lamulo, mtundu uwu umaphatikizapo zomera zam'madzi zam'madzi zam'madzi zomwe zili ndi mizu yotukuka bwino. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti musanagule, muyenera kufunsa wogulitsa ndikufotokozera kuti ndi nthaka yanji yomwe ingavomerezedwe. Chifukwa chake, zina mwazomwe zimapezeka m'nthaka yosauka, ndipo kwa ena, kuvala pamwamba ndizovomerezeka.
Chizindikiro chakunja chakuti chomeracho chimafuna umuna ndi timadontho tating'ono kapena mabowo omwe amapezeka pamasamba. Potaziyamu phosphate kapena magnesium sulphate itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza. Zomera za gululi zitha kusiyanitsidwa:
- Lilac alternanter, chithunzi chake chikuwoneka pansipa. Pomwe imachokera ku South America, imakonda madzi othamanga kapena oyenda pang'onopang'ono. Ndi masamba owala owoneka bwino, izikhala yogula bwino kwa aquarium iliyonse. Ponena za magawo azomwe zili, Lilac Alternantera imamva bwino pakatentha kuyambira 24-28 madigiri komanso kuuma kwamadzi osapitilira 12 °.
- Blix Oberu, yemwe chithunzi chake chimawoneka nthawi zambiri mukamawona mawonekedwe a Fr. Madagascar kapena Central Asia. Zomera zam'madzi zam'madzi izi nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'minda ya mpunga kapena madambo. Kunja, Blixa imayimilidwa ndi tsamba la masamba awiri, lomwe limafanana ndi mzere wopingasa. Mtunduwo ndi wobiriwira wobiriwira. Mtengo wapamwamba usadutse 100-250 mm. Mutha kusunga chomerachi pafupifupi posungira chilichonse. Chokhacho chomwe muyenera kukumbukira ndikuti Blixa amafunikira kuyatsa kwambiri pamoyo wake wabwinobwino.
Kuyandama pamadzi
Mwinanso, ndizovuta kupeza munthu yemwe sangawone chithunzi m'moyo wake, pomwe zomera sizimayandama pamadzi. Ambiri, chifukwa chosadziwa zambiri, amawatcha ndere. Koma sizili choncho. Zomera zam'madzi zam'madzi zomwe zimagwera mgululi zimadziwika ndi mizu yofooka. Kwa ena, kulibeko.
Komanso, chomerachi chimadziwika ndi masamba omwe amathawidwa bwino omwe amatenga zinthu zonse zomwe zimasungunuka m'madzi. Mitengoyi imangodzaza madzi ndi mpweya wa oxygen, komanso imakhala malo abwino okhala nsomba mukamabereka. Izi zimaphatikizapo:
- Ozungulira Cladophorus, chithunzi chimene Tingaone m'munsimu. Monga lamulo, amatha kupezeka m'madamu amadzi oyera kuchokera ku Eurasia. Kukhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, sikungokhala zokongoletsa zokongola zokha, komanso fyuluta yachilengedwe yopambana kuposa momwe madzi amayendera tsiku lililonse. Kukula kwakukulu kwa chomerachi kumakhala pakati pa 100 mpaka 120 mm m'mimba mwake. Pazomwe zilipo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizizungulira Cladophorus m'madzi otentha, omwe kutentha kwake sikudzakwera kuposa madigiri 20 komanso kulimba kosaposa 7. Komanso, musaiwale za kusintha kwamadzi nthawi zonse.
- Peristolis povoinichkovy, chithunzi chomwe, kuyambira mphindi zoyambirira, chimapangitsa chidwi chofuna kupanga kukongola koteroko mosungira kwanu. Amtundu wakumpoto kumpoto kwa Brazil, Argentina ndi Chile, zomerazi ndizodziwika bwino ndi akatswiri padziko lonse lapansi. Pesi la Peristolis mulibe kanthu mkati ndipo mowongoka. Ponena za masamba, kunja kwawo amafanana kwambiri ndi singano za spruce. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti ma petioles amatalika pang'ono kuposa masamba omwe. Kutalika kwambiri pazachilengedwe kumatha kufika 100cm. Kubzala mbewu kumalimbikitsidwa ndi gulu kuti kuwala komwe kumagwera pa iwo kumatha kufikira masamba omwe ali pansi pomwe.
Kuyandama pamwamba
Monga momwe dzinalo likunenera, zomerazi zimapezeka kumtunda kwam'madzi. Nthawi zina, komabe, pamakhala nthawi zina pamene amapezeka pakati, koma zoterezi ndizosowa. Zomerazi sizimangoteteza zokhazokha kuchokera ku dzuwa lowala kwambiri, koma zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi nsomba zambiri pomanga zisa kapena pothawirapo mwachangu.
Chifukwa chake, izi zimaphatikizapo:
- Azolla Caroline, chithunzi chimene chili m'munsimu. Amapezeka makamaka kumpoto kwa South ndi Central America. Chomerachi, choyikidwa m'nyanja yamchere, chimapanga zilumba zokongola modabwitsa. Koma ndikofunikira kutsimikizira kuti a Caroline Azolla amafunikira kuwongolera moyenera. Ikhoza kusungidwa kutentha kuchokera pa 20 mpaka 28 madigiri ndi kuuma kosapitirira 10.
- Duckweed yaying'ono, chithunzi chake chikuwoneka pansipa. Chomerachi chafalikira kwambiri m'chilengedwe. Amakonda matupi amadzi akuyenda pang'onopang'ono. Kunja, imayimilidwa ndi masamba ozungulira okhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira wokhala ndi m'mimba mwake mpaka 5 mm. Pazomwe zili, duckweed ilibe zofunikira zapadera.
Malingaliro pakusankha ndi kukhazikitsa
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kugula kwa mbewu kuyenera kuthandizidwa mosagwirizana ndi kugula nsomba. Chifukwa chake, ziyenera kudziwika kuti palibe vuto tikulimbikitsanso kuti tisunge zomera zotentha m'malo osungira ozizira. Komanso, posankha zomera, chinthu choyamba kulabadira ndi mtundu wawo, womwe, monga lamulo, uyenera kukhala wobiriwira wowala, kusowa kwa kuvunda komanso mawonekedwe ake. Kuphatikiza apo, sikuletsedwa konse kugwira udzu kuchokera ku aquarium pamanja.
Ponena za kusungidwa, ndibwino kudzala zomera zazikulu komanso zowirira osati kutsogolo, zomwe sizingowonjezera kuchuluka kwa aquarium, komanso sizilepheretsa mawonekedwewo.
Zomera zing'onozing'ono ziziwoneka bwino m'mbali ndi m'mbali mwa aquarium, ndipo kutsogolo kwake, chomeracho ndi chokwanira.
Zofunika! Mu gawo lowunikira kwambiri la malo osungira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyika mbewu zomwe sizimangokula mwachangu, komanso zimafuna kuwala kochuluka.
Matenda ndi chithandizo
Kuti tikhale ndi malo osungira bwino, m'pofunika kuyang'anira osati momwe nsomba zimamvera, komanso zomerazo.
Chifukwa chake, chifukwa cha matenda azomera kungakhale kusowa kwa zinthu zina zamankhwala, kusintha kwa kutentha, mawonekedwe amadzi, nthaka kapena kuyatsa. Chifukwa chake, ngati mwadzidzidzi pamatha kuzimiririka pang'ono kwa mbeu ndikuwonongeka komwe kumachitika, ichi ndi chisonyezo chakuphwanya mkhalidwe wabwino wosunga.
Ndipo sitepe yoyamba yobwezeretsa magwiridwe ake anthawi zonse ndikuchotsa masamba owonongeka okhala ndi zopalira kapena scalpel. Komanso, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musinthe madzi ndikuwayeretsa. Ngati mawonekedwe akuda akuwonetsedwa kumtunda kwa mbewu, ndiye kuti izi zikuwonetsa kusowa kwa zinthu mumadzi, monga bromine, cobalt, manganese. Vutoli limathetsedwa powonjezera zinthu zomwe zikusowapo.
Ndipo kumbukirani kuti, monga cholengedwa chilichonse chamoyo, chomera chimafuna kudzisamalira. Chifukwa chake, popereka izi kosavuta mphindi zochepa zanthawi yanu yanokha, mutha kupewa kuwoneka ngati mavuto akulu mtsogolo.
