Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Mafinya Ndi zowotchera nyamaartiodactyls. Ndi abale komanso mbadwa za nkhosa zoweta ndi nkhosa zamphongo. Kunja alireza amafanana ndi abale omwe ali pamwambapa, koma nthawi yomweyo ali ndi mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe angapo.
Chifukwa chake, kukula kwa nyamayi kumatha kukhala kocheperako kuposa kwa nkhosa zoweta, osapitilira mita imodzi kutalika ndi mulifupi, ndikulemera pafupifupi ma kilogalamu makumi asanu. Mutu wa ma mouflon ndi wawung'ono, khosi ndilolitali pang'ono.
Makutu ndi ang'ono, ndipo maso akuda ndi otupa pang'ono. Thupi la chinyama ndi lochepa komanso lokongola, malaya ake amakhala amfupi nthawi zambiri. Miyendo ndi yayitali komanso yopyapyala, koma ndi yamphamvu kwambiri komanso yamphamvu. Mchira ndi waufupi kwambiri.
Mtundu wa mouflons, wazimayi ndi wamwamuna, ndi wofanana: mithunzi ya bulauni imapambana, chovala pachifuwa chimakhala chakuda komanso cholimba (m'malo awa amatha kukula ngati mpango wofiyira), miyendo ili yokutidwa ndi ubweya woyera ndi wakuda, m'mimba mulinso woyera.
Mbali yaikulu ya ma mouflon ndi nyanga zake zazikulu, zomwe amasaka makamaka alenje. Nyanga za nyama izi ndizazikulu, zimatha kutalika mpaka masentimita 75. Zili zozungulira mozungulira, zoloza kumapeto. Nyanga zimatha kupindika kumbuyo kapena mbali. Akazi mwina alibe nyanga, kapena amafotokozedwa moperewera.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti kusiyanitsa pakati pa kulemera kwa akazi ndi abambo kumakwaniritsidwa ndendende chifukwa chakupezeka kwa nyanga zazikulu komanso zolemerera muimuna, zomwe zimatha kuwonjezera makilogalamu khumi mpaka khumi ndi asanu kwa iwo.
Mitundu ya ntchentche
Ma mouflon ndi amitundu yosiyanasiyana kutengera komwe amakhala. Mitundu yotsatirayi imasiyanitsidwa:
- Mzungu alireza - amakhala ku Europe ndipo amawoneka monga tafotokozera pamwambapa.
- Mbalame ya Transcaucasian - mtundu uwu ndi wokulirapo pang'ono kuposa waku Europe, koma kunja kwake sikusiyana.
- Crimea ziphuphu - Ichi ndi mtundu wa ma mouflons aku Europe, omwe adabweretsedwa kudera la Crimea zaka zopitirira zana zapitazo ndipo adatha kuzika mizu pano.
- Mouflon waku Asia kapena arkal - mtundu uwu suli wosiyana ndi waku Europe, kupatula malo ena okhala ndi kukula kwake kwakukulu.
- Ustyurt alireza Ndi mtundu wa mouflon waku Asia womwe umakhala ku steppes ku Kazakhstan.
- Chiameniya alireza - amasiyana ndi omwe amaimira kukhalapo kwa zomera zowirira pankhope.
- Chikosikani alireza - mtundu wa mouflon waku Europe, wokhala pachilumba cha Corsica.
Monga mukuwonera, mitundu yonse ya ma mouflon ili ndi mawonekedwe ofanana, koma chifukwa cha malo awo osiyanasiyana, ali ndi mayina osiyanasiyana.
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Nthawi zambiri nkhosa ndi nyama za kumapiri, choncho dziwani kodi ma mouflon amakhala kuti sizikhala zovuta. Nyama zimakopeka ndi moyo wamapiri ndi zitunda, koma sizimatha kukhala pamapiri ataliatali ndi malo odulidwa ming'alu ndi zolakwika, monga momwe mbuzi zam'mapiri zimachitira.
Malo okhala nyama izi ndi ochepa. Ma Mouflons amalumikizana m'magulu a anthu pafupifupi 100, makamaka azimayi, ana ankhosa ang'onoang'ono ndi ana obadwa pang'ono.
Amuna awo, amakonda kukhala okha ndipo amalowa nawo gulu la ziwetozo kwa miyezi ingapo. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, malo okhala mouflon ndi ochepa. Izi zimathandizidwa ndi zifukwa zingapo monga:
- Kukhalapo kwa anthu opha nyama mwachangu omwe amapha nyama chifukwa cha nyanga zawo zamtengo wapatali, ubweya ndi nyama.
- Kulephera kukhala m'zigwa zamapiri komanso pamapiri omwe.
- Kuphulika kwa steppe ndi moto wa m'nkhalango, chifukwa chomwe gulu limakakamizidwa kupita kumadera ena.
- Kukhalapo kwa adani ndi adani omwe angachepetse kuchuluka kwa mouflon.
Ma mouflon amakhala ku Europe ndi Asia. Mitundu yaku Europe imakhala makamaka kuzilumba monga Cyprus, Corsica, Sicily, Sardinia ndi Crimea. Apa nyamazi zimalemekezedwa ndipo zakhala zikutchulidwa m'maluso osiyanasiyana kuyambira nthawi zakale. Ku Asia, mitundu ina imapezeka ku Armenia ndi Iraq, koma gawo lalikulu la anthu amakhala ku Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan ndi Turkey.
Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti ma mouflon ndizinyama zosamukasamuka - zimangoyendayenda, kufunafuna malo abwino okhala. Nthawi zina amatha kukhala malo amodzi osapitirira masiku angapo kenako ndikupitiliza ulendo wawo.
Chifukwa chakuchepa kwakukulu kwa ziwetozi, tsopano akutetezedwa mwapadera m'malo osungidwa, pomwe anthu amapanga zochitika zapadera zobwezeretsa anthu awo.
Zakudya zabwino
Ma mouflon ndi odyetserako msipu, chifukwa chake chakudya chitha kupezeka pafupifupi kulikonse, popanda kuyesetsa. Komabe, pankhaniyi, pali zina zomwe zimakhudzana ndi nyengo komanso dera lomwe nyama zilimo.
Zakudya zachisanu zakutchire ziphuphu zochepa kwambiri. Munthawi imeneyi, nyamazi zimadya zokha zomera zomwe zimakula pamwamba pa chipale chofewa. Mwachitsanzo, imatha kukhala moss, ndere, nsonga za shrub, kapena udzu wamtali. Izi ndichifukwa choti, chifukwa cha miyendo yawo yopyapyala, ma mouflon sangakumbe chisanu posaka chakudya, monga nkhosa zina zamphongo.
Nthawi zina pachaka, chakudyacho chimakula. Chifukwa chake chilimwe amadya zitsamba zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, milkweed, mphukira za zomera ndi zitsamba, masamba amitengo ndi masamba amaluwa, komanso zipatso zam'chilimwe, monga ma blueberries.
M'dzinja, mtedza wosiyanasiyana, ma acorn, bowa, mababu, mizu, ndi chimanga zimaphatikizidwa pazakudya zomwe zili pamwambapa. Kuphatikiza pa madzi wamba wamba, ma mouflon amakonda kwambiri kumwa madzi amchere, omwe siopangidwa ndi nkhosa zina zamphongo.
Zili ndi chinthu chosangalatsa, mosiyana ndi oimira ena amphongo, ma mouflon ali ndi mawonekedwe osiyana siyana, omwe ali ndi udindo woluma zomera. Chifukwa cha makonzedwe apaderawa, amatha kudya zomera pazu lomwe, komanso kukumba.
Ma mouflon amadyanso makamaka mumdima. Amapita kumapiri dzuwa litalowa, amadyetsa usiku wonse ndikubwerera komwe amabisala m'mawa. Izi zimathandiza nyamazo kupewa opikisana nawo pakufunafuna chakudya ndikupewa kukumana ndi omwe amadya masana.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, amuna phiri ziphuphu Amakonda kukhala padera ndipo samakonda kukhala ndi gulu la ziweto. Komabe, munyengo yakukhwimitsa, yomwe imatenga miyezi ingapo, zinthu zimasintha kwambiri.
Malinga ndi kaonedwe kake ka thupi, anyaniwa amakula msanga nthawi yomweyo akakwanitsa zaka ziwiri. Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti amuna azaka ziwiri amatha kukwatira wamkazi nthawi yomweyo - izi sizingaloledwe ndi achikulire omwe nawonso akufuna kukwatirana ndi "mkwatibwi" yemwe angakhalepo. Chifukwa chake, pofika zaka zitatu kapena zinayi zokha, pomwe mouflon imapeza nyonga yokwanira ndi misa, amakhala ndi mwayi wopikisana nawo ufulu wolowa nthawi yokwanira ndi wamkazi yemwe amamukonda.
Kotero ndi kuyamba kwa nthawi yophukira, anyani amphongo amayambiranso kubwerera m'gulu lawo kukachita katemera. Koma njira yovuta kwambiri ikuchitika pano - amuna amakonza masewera enieni kuti adziwe yemwe ali woyenera kukhala ndi ichi kapena chachikazi.
Zimachitika motere: ma mouflons, pokhala patali kwambiri ndi wina ndi mnzake, amayamba kuopseza anzawo, akumalira ndikufuula ndikukumba pansi ndi ziboda zawo. Kenako amatenga liwiro ndikugundana ndi nyanga zawo mokuwa kwambiri.
Phokoso kuchokera pakukhudzidwa ndikumva. Aliyense amene wataya chidziwitso chifukwa cha kugundana amamuwona ngati wotayika. Tsoka ilo, panali nthawi zina pomwe nkhonya zidali zamphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti mafupa a khomo lachiberekero adasweka, ndipo adamwalira.
Mimba ya mouflon imatenga miyezi isanu yokha, pomwe zazikazi zimatha kubereka ana ankhosa awiri nthawi imodzi, yomwe ndi yochuluka kwambiri ndipo siachilendo kwa nkhosa zina zamphongo. Pakati pa mimba yonseyi, akazi amakhala mgulu la ziweto nthawi zonse. Nthawi yakubereka ikakwana, amasiyana pagulu la ziwetozo ndikupeza malo abata komanso opanda kanthu komwe mwana wamwamuna kapena awiri amabadwirako.
Mwanawankhosa wobadwa kumene amakhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira kuti ayime pamapazi ake, ndipo pakapita kanthawi amathamangira pambuyo pa amayi ake. Kwa milungu ingapo, mayi ndi mwana amatsata gulu lawo, osayandikira anthu ena.
Izi ndizofunikira kuti mwana akhale wolimba ndikupeza mphamvu. Pakukumananso ndi gulu la ziweto, mayi amasamala mosamala mwana kuchokera kwa akulu akulu, chifukwa amatha kukhala mwamakani kwambiri ndi ana ankhosa.
Kutalika kwa moyo wa ma mouflon kumatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera komwe amakhala. Chifukwa chake, kuthengo, amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka khumi, ndipo m'malo osungidwa mwachilengedwe ndikusungidwa bwino ndikukhala opanda zovuta mpaka zaka khumi ndi zisanu mpaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri.
Zosangalatsa
Ma Mouflons ndi nyama zapadera, chifukwa chake pali zambiri zosangalatsa komanso zachilendo za iwo. Tsoka ilo, ena mwa iwo ndi osangalala komanso achisoni.
- Nyanga ziphuphu ndi ofunika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, motero posachedwapa anthu opha nyama mosayenera awononga pafupifupi nyama 30 mwa ziweto zonse. Ndipo zonsezi chifukwa cha nyanga, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zikho. Komanso khungu ndi nyama ya chinyama ichi ndi chosafunikira kwenikweni.
- Ma Mouflons adatchulidwa mu World Red Book ndipo amatetezedwa ndi malo osungidwa.
- Akazi a ma mouflon amatha kubereka ali ndi chaka chimodzi ndi theka mpaka zaka ziwiri ndipo amabereka ana osapitirira miyezi isanu. Nthawi imeneyi ndi mbiri pakati pa nthumwi zonse za nkhosa ndipo imalola mouflon kubwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa anthu mwachangu.
- Zaka makumi angapo zapitazo, asayansi amakhulupirira kuti kupanga njira yopulumutsira mtundu wa mouflon. Chifukwa chake, adachita zoyeserera, chifukwa chake mwana wamwamuna wokhala ndi pakati ndikubala mwana wamwamuna, yemwe amakhala pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi iwiri. Njira yosungira ma mouflon ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwawo imayambitsa mikangano yambiri yasayansi komanso yamakhalidwe pakati pa anthu amibadwo yosiyanasiyana.
- Ma mouflon ndi nkhosa zamphongo zokha zomwe sizikhetsa nyanga zawo.
- Ku Cyprus, chithunzi cha mouflons chimapangidwa ndi ndalama.
- Nthawi zina munthu amene amatha kukwiyitsa anthu omuzungulira ndi machitidwe ake amatchedwa mouflon. Komabe, dzina lakutchulidoli silikugwirizana kwenikweni ndi oimira mtundu wamphongo.
Kusamalira kunyumba ndi kukonza ma mouflon
M'zaka zaposachedwa, kuyang'anira nkhosa m'minda, nyumba zapakhomo ndi ziwopsezo zakhala zotchuka kwambiri. Anthu amaswana ma mouflon kuti akhale ndi mikhalidwe yabwino pachuma ndikubereka ana olimba kwambiri.
Komabe, mosiyana ndi nkhosa zina zamphongo, ma mouflon ali ndi zofunikira zingapo, zomwe zimasungidwa zimatsimikizira kuthekera kosunga nyamazi kunyumba. Popeza m'mafamu amatha kungosungidwa m'makola, mfundo izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa pakukonzekera kwawo:
- Chakudya cha ma mouflon (muyenera kudziwa kuti amadya bwanji nyama izi);
- Kuperewera kwa adani ndi adani omwe angawopseze gulu la ziweto;
- Kutha kusuntha nyama, ndiye kuti, malo a mpandawo sayenera kukhala ochepera mahekitala ochepa (anthu khumi ndi asanu amafunikira mahekitala amodzi);
- Kuthekera kwakubereka ana, ndiye kuti, m'gulu la atatu kapena anayi, otha kubereka, mkazi ayenera kukhala ndi wamwamuna m'modzi.
Komanso mu aviary iyenera kukhalapo:
- Okhazikika okhazikika omwe amadyetsa mouflon;
- Maofesi azowona zanyama ndi mayeso;
- Malo osungira madzi nthawi zonse kapena malo osungiramo zinthu;
- Odyetsa ubweya;
- Zinthu zokhala ndi ma brimes brimes;
- Kapangidwe komwe ma mouflon amatha kubisala nyengo yoipa.
Malo otsekerawo ayenera kukhala panthaka youma ndi yamiyala kuti ziweto zizimasuka. Kugwiritsa ntchito waya waminga kuchinga sikuvomerezeka, chifukwa ma mouflon amatha kuvulazidwa nawo. Awa ndi malo ochepa pomwe anyani amatha kukhala mwamtendere kunyumba.
