Gulu la anyani ang'onoang'ono - ma marmosets a mkango - amakhala m'malo apadera anyani. Tsoka ilo, mtundu uwu wa nyani uli m'malo amodzi otsogola pamndandanda wazinyama zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha.
Kufotokozera kwa ma marmosets a mkango
Ma Lion marmosets (Latin Leontopithecus) ndiwoyimira akulu kwambiri anyani am'banja la marmoset. Amagawidwa makamaka kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Brazil.
Maonekedwe
Ma marmosets a mikango ali ndi mutu wozungulira wokhala ndi nkhope yayifupi, yopanda pake komanso yopanda tsitsi, maso ang'ono ndi makutu akulu omwe amakongoletsa ziboda za tsitsi. Nyani awa ali ndi mano 32 mpaka 36, mayiniwo ndi akulu komanso otakata, kumtunda kwake kuli mawonekedwe amakona atatu komanso poyambira kuchokera kunja ndi mkati. Thupi locheperako la ma marmosets amatalika mpaka 20 mpaka 34 cm. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa anyaniwa ndi magalamu 500-600..
Miyendo ndi yaifupi, yakutsogolo imagwira mwamphamvu kwambiri ndipo yasandulika kukhala phazi lenileni, pomwe nswala sizimasiyana ndi anyani ena. Mosiyana ndi anyani ena, zala za ma marmosets a mkango, monga mamembala onse am'banja, zilibe zikhadabo, koma zikhadabo. Chokhacho ndi zala zazikulu za m'mbuyo - ali ndi misomali yayikulu, yolumikizidwa. Kapangidwe ka ziwalozi kamawalola kuyenda mwachangu komanso molimba mtima pakati pamitengo.
Ndizosangalatsa! Kutalika kwa mchira wa fluffy ndi pafupifupi 30-40 cm.
Ubweya wawo umadziwika ndi kachulukidwe komanso kufewa, ndipo utoto wake, kutengera mtundu wa marmoset, umatha kukhala wagolide kapena wakuda, nthawi zina umakhala ndi mikwingwirima. Palibe kusiyana pamawonekedwe azimayi ndi amuna. Mbali yapadera ya anyaniwa ndi tsitsi lalitali lomwe limapanga mutu ndikufanana ndi mane wa mkango.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Ma marmosets a mikango amakhala m'malo osiyana a mahekitala 40-70 ndipo amateteza katundu wawo ku nyama zina mothandizidwa ndi nkhope yankhanza komanso kulira mokweza. Amakhala m'mabanja ang'onoang'ono a anthu 3-7, pomwe akazi ndi abambo amakhala ndi machitidwe awoawo olamulira. Banja limatha kukhala ndi achikulire angapo amitundu yosiyanasiyana kapena banja lomwe lili ndi ana omwe akukula. Nyama zimalankhulana mwa kulira ndipo sizilola kuti wina aliyense aziwonekera.
Zofunika! M'mabanja, machitidwe amunthu amakula, akuwonetsedwa posamalira ubweya komanso kugawa chakudya.
A Igrunks amakhala nthawi yayitali m'mitengo, posankha nkhalango zakukwera. Mosiyana ndi anyani ena, samakhala ndi miyendo yawo yakumbuyo, koma amakhala ndi miyendo yonse inayi nthawi imodzi, kapenanso kugona pamimba, kulendewera mchira wawo wofewa. Komanso, sanawonepo akuyenda ndi miyendo iwiri - poyenda, amaponda miyendo yonse yakumbuyo ndi manja akutsogolo. Ma marmosets a mikango ndi abwino kwambiri kulumpha.
Anyaniwa amakhala moyo wosangalala masana, koma usiku amabisala m'nkhalango zowirira kapena m'maenje amitengo, momwe amapindika kukhala mipira yofanana. Ali m'ndende, ma marmosets nthawi zambiri amabisala m'mabokosi, omwe amapatsidwa kuti azigona usiku, komanso masana. M'mawa amasiya zipinda zawo ndikupita kukasaka chakudya. Igrunki ndi anyani oseketsa komanso achidwi omwe ali ndi mtima wofulumira komanso wochenjera.
Ali mu ukapolo, ali amantha, osadalirika, osachedwa kupsa mtima, kusakhazikika kwawo - kukhutira ndi zomwe zikuchitika kungasinthe mwadzidzidzi ndikukhala osakhutira, kukakamiza anyani kutulutsa mano awo mwamantha kapena kukukuta ndi mkwiyo. M'malo awo okhala, anyaniwa amakhala mwamtendere wina ndi mnzake, alibe kudzikonda komwe kumakhalapo mwa anyani ena.
Zofunika! Ma marmosets a mikango amatha kuzindikira zinthu zomwe zajambulidwa pazithunzi: mwachitsanzo, amawopa chithunzi cha mphaka, ndipo amayesa kugwira kafadala kapena ziwala.
Ndi ma marmosets angati omwe amakhala
Ma marmosets amphongo amoyo amakhala zaka 10-14, mbiri ya moyo wawo inali zaka 18.5 - ndi zaka zingapo zomwe chiweto chimodzi mwazinyama zidakhala.
Mitundu ya ma marmosets a mikango
Zonse pamodzi, pali mitundu 4. Amatha kubweretsa ana a mkango, mosasamala kanthu za nyengo:
- Tamarin wamkango wagolide, kapena kolona, kapena golide marmoset (lat. Leontopithecus rosalia) - ili ndi malaya odula, amtundu wake umasiyana kuchokera ku lalanje lowala mpaka lalanje lofiirira, ndi mane wa mkango wamkuwa;
- Mkango wam'mutu wa mkango marmoset (lat. Leontopithecus Chrysomelas) - amasiyana ndi ubweya wakuda ndi mane wa golide, palinso zolemba pagolide kutsogolo kwa mchira ndi mchira;
- Mkango wakuda marmoset (lat. Leontopithecus Chrysopygus) - mtundu uwu wa ma marmosets a mkango uli pafupifupi wakuda kwathunthu, kupatula matako a utoto wofiirira;
- Mkango wakuda wakuda marmoset (lat. Leontopithecus Caissara) - yodziwika ndi thupi lachikaso ndi mawendo akuda, mchira ndi mane.
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Amakhala kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Brazil, komwe kumagawa anyaniwa akuphatikiza Sao Paulo, Bahia, Rio de Janeiro komanso kumpoto kwa Parana. Amakhala m'nkhalango ya Brazil, makamaka kumapiri.
Zakudya za ma marmosets a mkango
Ma marmosets a mikango ndi omnivores omwe amadya tizilombo, nkhono, akangaude, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono, mazira a mbalame, koma zoposa 80% za chakudya chawo chachikulu ndi zipatso, utomoni ndi timadzi tokoma.
Kubereka ndi ana
Ngakhale kuti achikulire angapo amuna kapena akazi okhaokha amatha kukhala mgulu limodzi, awiri okha ndi omwe amaloledwa kuswana.
Pambuyo pa milungu 17-18 yamimba, mkazi amabereka ana, nthawi zambiri amakhala amapasa, omwe, monga lamulo, sakonda ana anyani ena. Ma marmosets a mikango obadwa kumene ndi mtundu weniweni wa akulu, kusiyana kumawonekera pokhapokha ngati mane ndi tsitsi lalifupi.
Gulu lonse la anyani, kuphatikiza achichepere, amatenga nawo mbali polera anawo, koma bambowo amawasamalira kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, ndimwamuna yemwe amabereka ana, ndikusamutsa anawo kwa wamkazi kwa mphindi 15 zokha maola awiri kapena atatu pakadyetsa, ndipo zimatha mpaka milungu 7. Anawo akafika masabata anayi, amayamba kulawa zakudya zolimba kwinaku akupitirizabe kudya mkaka wa amayi awo. Anawo akafika msinkhu wa miyezi itatu, makolo amawasitsa iwo okha.
Zofunika! Ma marmosets a mikango amatha kubala chaka chonse.
Pafupifupi zaka 1.5-2 zakubadwa, ma marmosets a mkango amafika pokhwima, koma chifukwa chocheza m'banja, kubereka koyamba kumachitika pambuyo pake.
Adani achilengedwe
Adani achilengedwe a mkango wa mkango ndi mbalame zam'mimba, njoka ndi amphaka amtchire monga kambuku kapena nyalugwe. mbalame zolusa ndizoopsa kwambiri. Ngati anyani amathawa kukwera amphaka, othamanga komanso othamanga, komanso kusankha malo ogona, ndiye kuti kuwuluka sikungapulumutse ku ziwombankhanga ndi nkhandwe, ndipo ma marmosets ambiri amakhala nyama yawo.
Komabe, adani achilengedwe siowopsa kwa ma marmosets a mkango - vuto lalikulu ku nyama limayambitsidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa malo awo. Chifukwa chake, kudula mitengo mwachangu ku Selva, ndi gawo laling'ono chabe la nkhalango lomwe silinakhudzidwepo. Kuphatikiza apo, opha nyama mosaka nyama amasaka ma marmosets a mikango, omwe amawagwira mozemba ndi kuwagulitsa pamsika wakuda, chifukwa anyani ang'ono awa ndi otchuka kwambiri ngati ziweto.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Choopsa chachikulu chikuwopsezedwa ndi mkango wakuda wakuda marmoset - palibe anthu opitilira 400 amtunduwu omwe amakhalabe m'chilengedwe. International Union for Conservation of Nature yaupatsa mwayi wowopsa.
Zofunika! Mitundu yonse inayi ya ma marmosets a mikango ili pachiwopsezo chotha ndipo adatchulidwa mu Red Book.
Malo operekera malo opangira ma lionmmets akhazikitsidwa ndi WWF pafupi ndi Rio de Janeiro.
