Kawirikawiri, ndi ndani wa anthu amene amaganiza, akuyang'ana ng'ombe yeniyeni, komwe adachokera, ndipo makolo ake ndi ndani. M'malo mwake, idachokera kwa omwe kulibe, oimira kale nyama zakutchire.
Bull ulendo ndiye kholo la ng'ombe zathu zenizeni. Nyama izi sizinakhalepo padziko lapansi kuyambira 1627. Ndipamene womaliza adawonongedwa ng'ombe zakutchire. Lero, chimphona chotsalikachi chili ndi anzawo pakati pa ng'ombe zaku Africa, ng'ombe zaku Ukraine ndi nyama zaku India.
Nyama izi zakhala ndi moyo nthawi yayitali. Koma izi sizinalepheretse anthu kuti aphunzire zambiri za iwo. Kafukufuku, mbiri yakale yathandiza kwambiri pa izi.
Poyamba, pomwe munthu adakumana koyamba ulendo wa ng'ombe yakale panali anthu ambiri. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, pokhudzana ndi ntchito yakalavulagaga ya munthu komanso kusokoneza kwake kwakuthupi kwa nyama izi kunayamba kuchepa.
Kuchokera kudula mitengo ulendo ng'ombe wakale anakakamizidwa kusamukira kumadera ena. Koma izi sizinapulumutse anthu awo nawonso. Mu 1599, mdera la Warsaw, anthu adalemba zosaposa 30 za nyama zodabwitsa izi. Nthawi yaying'ono yatha ndipo kwangotsala 4 okha.
Ndipo mu 1627 kufa kwa ulendo womaliza kwambiri wa ng'ombe kudalembedwa. Mpaka pano, anthu sangamvetse kuti zidachitika bwanji kuti nyama zazikulu kwambirizo zife. Komanso, omaliza a iwo sanamwalire ndi alenje, koma ndi matenda.
Ochita kafukufuku amakonda kukhulupirira izi ng'ombe kutha adadwala cholowa chofooka, chomwe chidapangitsa kuti mitundu yonse iwonongeke.
Kufotokozera zaulendo ndi mawonekedwe
Pambuyo pa nthawi yachisanu, ulendowu udawonedwa kuti ndi umodzi mwamipanda yayikulu kwambiri. chithunzi cha ng'ombe yamphongo ndi chitsimikiziro cha izi. Masiku ano, njati za ku Ulaya zokha ndi zomwe zingafanane ndi kukula kwake.
Chifukwa cha kafukufuku wasayansi komanso mbiri yakale, titha kumvetsetsa bwino kukula ndi mawonekedwe azomwe zidawonongeka.
Amadziwika kuti inali nyama yayikulu kwambiri, yokhala ndi minyewa yolimba komanso kutalika kwa mamita 2. Ng'ombe yamphongo wamkulu imalemera pafupifupi 800 kg. Mutu wa nyamayo unali wovekedwa ndi nyanga zazikulu komanso zosongoka.
Zinkawongoleredwa mkati ndikufalikira kwambiri. Nyanga zamwamuna wamkulu zimatha kukula mpaka masentimita 100, zomwe zimapatsa nyamayo mawonekedwe owopsa. Maulendowa anali amdima wakuda, utoto wakuda utasandulika wakuda.
Mikwingwirima yolumikizika idawonekera kumbuyo. Akazi amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwawo kocheperako komanso kufiira ndi ma bulauni. Maulendo adagawika m'mitundu iwiri:
- Mmwenye;
- Mzungu.
Mtundu wachiwiri wa ng'ombe wozungulira unali wokulirapo komanso wokulirapo kuposa woyamba uja. Aliyense amanena kuti ng'ombe zathu ndi mbadwa zachoka kumapeto kwaulendo. Izi ndizoonadi.
Amangokhala ndi kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu kwamthupi. Ziwalo zonse zathupi lapaulendo wamphongo zinali zazikulu kwambiri komanso zazikulu kwambiri, zomwe zimatsimikizika ndi chithunzi cha nyama.
Iwo anali ndi chithunzithunzi chowonekera pamapewa awo. Izi zidalandiridwa kuchokera kuulendo wakutha wa ng'ombe yamasiku ano yaku Spain. Mkaka wa zazikazi sunatchulidwe ngati ng'ombe zenizeni. Zinabisika pansi paubweya ndipo sizimawoneka kwathunthu zikawonedwa kuchokera mbali. Kukongola, mphamvu ndi ukulu zidabisika m'nkhokwe iyi.
Moyo woyendera komanso malo okhala
Poyamba, malo okhala ulendo wamphongo anali madera otsetsereka. Kenako, polumikizana ndi kusaka nyama, nyamazo zimayenera kusamukira kunkhalango komanso m'nkhalango. Zinali zotetezeka kwa iwo kumeneko. Amakonda madera onyowa komanso achithaphwi.
Akatswiri ofufuza zinthu zakale apeza zotsalira za nyama izi pamalo a Obolon weniweni. Adawonedwa motalika kwambiri ku Poland. Kumeneku ndi komwe omaliza omaliza a ng'ombe adagwidwa.
Panali anthu omwe amafuna kupanga nyamayi kukhala nyumba ndipo amachita bwino. Kusaka kwawo sikunathe. Komanso, ng'ombe yomwe inaphedwa panthawi yosaka inkatengedwa ngati chikho chabwino kwambiri.
Mlenje ndiye adapeza ulemu. Kupatula apo, sikuti aliyense akhoza kupha nyama yayikulu komanso yamphamvu ngati imeneyi. Ndipo ndi nyama yake kunali kotheka kudyetsa anthu ambiri.
Maulendo amakonda kukhala m'makola olamulidwa ndiulendo wachikazi. Ng'ombe zazing'ono zazing'ono zimakhala makamaka padera, pafupi. Ndipo amuna achikulire adangopuma pantchito ndikukhala moyo wosungulumwa.
Makamaka, oimira olemekezeka ankakonda kusaka nyama izi. Mmodzi wa iwo anali Vladimir Monomakh. Ndikufuna kudziwa kuti ndi anthu opanda mantha okha omwe angachite nawo ntchito yotere. Kupatula apo, kunalibe zochitika zokhazokha pomwe ng'ombe yamtengoyi idatenga wokwerayo pamodzi ndi kavaloyo panyanga zake zazikulu komanso zamphamvu popanda zovuta.
Chifukwa cha mphamvu ndi nyonga, nyamayo inalibe mdani aliyense. Aliyense ankamuopa. Kudula mitengo kwambiri kwakhala vuto lalikulu kwa ng'ombe izi. Pankhaniyi, chiwerengero chawo chidachepa pang'onopang'ono. Pomwe panali owerengeka ochepa, lamulo lidaperekedwa loti iyi ndi nyama yosagonjetseka. Koma, mwachiwonekere, izi sizikanakhoza kuwathandiza iwo mwanjira iliyonse.
Pambuyo pake, panali zoyeserera zambiri powoloka kuti apange mtundu wa nyama izi, koma palibe imodzi yomwe idapambana. Palibe amene wakwanitsa kukwaniritsa kukula kofunikira ndi mawonekedwe akunja ofanana.
Anthu aku Spain ndi Latin America amalera nyama zomwe zimafanana ndi ng'ombe kutengera zomwe akunja za ulendowu. Koma kulemera kwawo kumakhala kopanda makilogalamu 500, ndipo kutalika kwake kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 155. Iwo anali odekha komanso nthawi yomweyo nyama zolusa. Amatha kupirira chilombo chilichonse.
Zakudya zapaulendo
Zatchulidwa pamwambapa kuti ng'ombe yamtchire inali yodyetsa. Zomera zonse zinagwiritsidwa ntchito - udzu, mphukira zazing'ono zamitengo, masamba awo ndi zitsamba. M'nyengo yotentha, anali ndi malo obiriwira okwanira m'zigawo za steppe.
M'nyengo yozizira, kunali kofunika kusamukira kunkhalango kuti kukhuta. Munthawi imeneyi, amayesetsa kwambiri kuti agwirizane. Chifukwa chodula mitengo m'nyengo yozizira, nthawi zina maulendo amayenera kufa ndi njala. Ambiri a iwo adafa pachifukwa chomwechi.
Imfa yayikulu yamaulendo sinakhale yosadziwika kwa anthu. Adayesetsa momwe angathetsere vutoli. Panali ngakhale malo otere omwe amayang'anira zomwe zikuchitika m'nkhalango, amayesetsa kuteteza mitundu iyi.
Ndipo alimi akumaloko adapatsidwa lamulo loti asonkhanitse udzu osati wa ziweto zawo zokha, komanso kuti azitengere m'nkhalango kwa ng'ombe m'nyengo yozizira. Koma, mwachiwonekere, kuyesaku sikunathandizenso.
Kubereka komanso kutalika kwa moyo wa ulendowu
Chizoloŵezi cha maulendo makamaka chinagwa pamwezi woyamba wa nthawi yophukira. Amuna nthawi zambiri ankamenya nkhondo zowopsa za akazi pakati pawo. Nthawi zambiri, ndewu zoterezi zimatha kumwalira m'modzi mwa omenyerawo.
Mkazi adapita kuzungulira mwamphamvu. Nthawi yobereka inali m'mwezi wa Meyi. Pakadali pano, akazi amayesera kubisala, kumalo osadutsa. Ndipamene mwana wamwamuna wakhanda adabadwa, yemwe mayi wobisalayo adabisala kwa adani, makamaka kwa anthu milungu itatu.
Panali milandu pomwe nyama zosakwatirana zidachedwa pazifukwa zosadziwika ndipo ana adabadwa mu Seputembala. Sikuti onse adakwanitsa kupulumuka munyengo yovuta yozizira.
Komanso, nthawi zambiri ng'ombe zamphongo zamphongo zinkaphimba ziweto. Kuyambira mating amenewa, nyama wosakanizidwa anaonekera, amene sanali yaitali ndi kufa. Chiyeso chovuta kwambiri kwa iwo chinali nyengo yozizira kwambiri.
Maulendo omwe sanathenso anangotsalira zokumbukira zawo zokha. Chifukwa cha iwo, pali mitundu yeniyeni ya ng'ombe. Okonda ambiri akupitilizabe kuswana mitundu yomwe imafanana ngakhale ndi zimphona zakale. Ndizomvetsa chisoni kuti zonsezi sizinapambane.
