Zoyeserera ndi nyama zazing'ono zomwe ndizabanja lanzeru. Mitundu yazinyama zing'onozing'ono ndizazikulu kwambiri: asayansi amawerengera mitundu pafupifupi 179.
Kufotokozera ndi malo okhala ndi zikuluzikulu
Koyamba, nyamazo ndizofanana kwambiri ndi mbewa wamba, ndichifukwa chake nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa zikopa zamkati... Koma ngati mutayang'anitsitsa, mutha kupeza zochepa zochepa pakati pawo.
Nkhono za ku Siberia - kutalika kwa thupi la chinyama ichi sichiposa chizindikiro cha masentimita 8, mchira ndi masentimita 3-4. Prososcis ili pamutu. Thupi lonse limakutidwa ndi ubweya wamitundu iwiri: ubweya kumbuyo kwake ndi wamdima wofiirira, ndipo pafupi ndi mimba amasandulika mthunzi wonyezimira.Mu Red buku Nkhono za ku Siberia zinapezeka kuti ndizochepa zanyama.
Shwarf shrew - chimodzi mwazinthu zazing'ono kwambiri zamtundu wapadziko lonse lapansi. Mutu waukuluwo uli ndi chiboda, chomwe chimadziwika ndi zikopa zonse.
Mchira wa chinyama chaching'ono ndichachitali kwambiri poyerekeza kukula kwake - kutalika kotalika kwambiri ndi masentimita 3.5. Kutalika kwa thupi ndikofanana ndi kutalika kwa mchira.
Kulemera kwapakati kumayambira 1 mpaka 1.5 g, nthawi zina - 1.7 g Thupi lonse, kupatula pamimba, limakutidwa ndi ubweya wa imvi, mbali yakumunsi ya thupi ndiyopepuka kwambiri.
Chitsulo choyera - kutalika konse kwa mutu ndi thupi sikupitilira masentimita 8, nyamayo imalemera pafupifupi 5 g. Kumapeto kwa mutu kuli kachilombo koyendetsa mafoni, komabe, mutu waukulu sunachedwetsedwe mwachangu monga ena ambiri - rostrum ndiyotakata. Makutu ndi akulu - amawoneka mosavuta kudzera mu malaya.
Mano 28 ndi oyera. Mu chithunzicho shrew kwambiri ngati mbewa, kusiyana kokha pakati pa zolengedwa izi ndikuwonekera kwa mchira: mu chopukutira choyera ndi cholimba, kutalika kwake sikupitilira 3.5 masentimita, ndipo ubweya wawung'ono umakulanso pamenepo, ndipo ma bristles amawoneka m'malo. Ubweya kumtunda kwa thupi ndi wakuda-bulauni, pamimba - wopanda mawu woyera.
Pachithunzicho, zingwe zoyera
Chaching'ono chaching'ono - kutalika kwa mutu ndi thupi ndi masentimita 6, mchira ndi masentimita 3. Kulemera kumadalira kukula kwa nyama ndipo kumakhala pakati pa 3-7 g Thupi limakutidwa ndi ubweya wofiirira, m'mimba mwake ndi imvi. Mchira umakhala ndi utoto wofanana ndi thupi lonse - uli wakuda pamwamba, wowala pansi.
M'chithunzicho, kagwere kakang'ono
Chovala chachikulu - mawonekedwe a cholengedwachi alibe kusiyana pang'ono ndi mawonekedwe a abale ake. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kumagona muyeso: kutalika kwa mutu ndi thupi ndi 15 cm, mchira ndi 8 cm.
Zazimayi ndizocheperako: kulemera kwawo kumatha kukhala 23.5 - 82 g, ndipo cholembedwa chocheperako komanso cholemera kwambiri champhongo ndi 33.2 -147 g. Ubweya ndimitundu iwiri: pamwamba pake pamakhala mdima wakuda, pansi pake pamakhala chowala. Maso a chikopacho ndi tating'onoting'ono, ndipo mamvekedwe opangidwa kuchokera patali amafanana ndi kugaya kapena kukuwa.
Pachithunzicho ndi chimphona chachikulu
Zotchera zonse sizimva kununkhira kosangalatsa kwambiri: zonsezi ndi za minyewa ya musk, yomwe imayambitsa kupanga chinsinsi, kununkhira kwake komwe kumakhudza fungo laumunthu.
Zoterezi zimakula kwambiri mwa amuna kuposa akazi. Fungo losasangalatsa limadzaza osati malo okhalamo nyama, komanso limatsalira ngakhale panjira pomwe limayendako kamodzi.
Popeza pali mitundu yambiri ya nyama iyi, shrew miyoyo pafupifupi m'malo onse achilengedwe, kuphatikiza ngakhale zipululu. Malo ogawa amadalira mtundu wake. Kotero chitsulo choyera amapezeka ku Europe ndi South-West Asia.
Yocheperako pang'ono zofala kwambiri: amakhala kumpoto kwa kontinenti ya Africa, kumadzulo kwa Europe komanso pafupifupi ku Asia konse. Nthawi zambiri imapezeka m'munda kapena m'munda pafupi ndi kanyumba kachilimwe.
Malo nkhungu ya pygmy ndi mayiko ambiri omwe amapezeka kumwera kwa Europe, kukula kwa Asia, India ndi kumpoto kwa Africa. Chovala chachikulu yogawidwa ku Africa, Asia ndi Middle East.
Pachithunzicho, a Manchu adayamba
Dzinalo la nkhono za ku Siberia zimagwirizana kwathunthu ndi malo ake okhala: amakhala ku Siberia ndi madera oyandikana ndi Asia. Mtundu wina wotere, womwe umatchulidwa ndi komwe amakhala, ndi Chimanchu shrewyemwe amakhala kufupi ndi Manchuria.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa opusa
Zoyala zambiri zimakhazikika m'malo omwe chinyezi chamlengalenga chimakhala chochuluka kwambiri kuposa zachilendo. Mitundu ina imakhalanso ndi moyo wam'madzi. Akatswiri amakonda kukhala okha.
Amakumba nyumba zogona, kukhazikitsako mitengo ikuluikulu, zitsa zake, ndikukhala m'mabowo a mbewa zazing'onozi. Chiwerengero chochepa cha nsonga Atha kukhala pafupi ndi munthu, kukhazikika mu imodzi mwa nyumba zazing'ono za chilimwe.
Pamalo omwe adasankhidwa kukhala nyumba yokhazikika, pamakhala chisa chamtundu wina, ndikuphimba pamwamba pake ndi masamba osiyanasiyana owuma ndi masamba amitengo.
Zikopa kusaka pafupi ndi nyumba - 30-50 sq.m. Pamalo oterowo, amayang'ana nyama mumdima, pomwe masana amakonda kusaka pafupi ndi nyumba kapena pogona.
Chakudya
Mu zakudya shrew shrew mphutsi, tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ndi minyozi zimakhazikika. Akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo analemba zochitika pamene nyama zazing'ono zinaukira abuluzi, achule ndi ana osakhwima a makoswe.
Amasaka nyama mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu yakukhudza ndi kununkhiza. Pali malingaliro kuti mamembala ena am'banja lalikulu ali ndi kuthekera kophunzirira bwino.
Oimira zinyama izi ndi osusuka, chifukwa amapatsidwa kagayidwe kofulumira: patsiku, kuchuluka kwa chakudya kumaposa kulemera kwawo kamodzi ndi theka, kapena kawiri.
Nyama nthawi zambiri imagona ndikudya chakudya, kuchuluka kwa nthawi ngati imeneyi kumadalira kukula kwake - zoimira zazing'ono kwambiri zoterezi zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri: tsiku lachizolowezi chaching'ono chimagawika magawo 78.
Nkhungu sangakhale ndi njala kwa nthawi yayitali: nthawi yayitali yomwe amakhala mchigawochi asanamwalire shrew imasiyanasiyana pakadutsa maola 7-9, ndipo mwa mitundu ina ndizocheperako - wonongera amafa atangotha maola 5.5 okha.
Pokhala ndi njala yayikulu, kutentha kwa thupi kwa shrew kumachepa kwambiri, kufooka kwakanthawi kumalowa, koma sikubisalira.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo cha opusa
Ndi achonde zikopa zamkati Nthawi 1-2 pachaka, nthawi zambiri mkazi amatha kuchita generic katatu. Mbewuyo imaswa m'masiku 13-28.
Kutha kwa nthawi imeneyi, ana 4-14 makanda opanda chodzitetezera amabadwa: osawona ndi ubweya, nyamayi ili munthawi yakukula.
Ma shrews amakula mwachangu kwambiri, choncho makanda akabadwa ali ndi masiku 30, amafika msinkhu woti akhoza kudzisamalira okha. Amayi ndi ana amasuntha, ndikupanga mtundu wa unyolo: amagwiritsana mchira wina ndi mzake.
Ngati mwana wasochera pagalimotoyo, imayamba kulira mokweza, chifukwa chachikazi imamupeza muudzu ndikupita naye kwa abale ndi alongo, omwe adawasiya m'malo otetezeka.
Asayansi apeza chinthu chodabwitsa kwambiri: pafupi ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yozizira, kuchepa kwa kukula kwa thupi kumawoneka mwa achinyamata, ndipo chigaza chimakhala chofewa pang'ono. Chilimwe chikabwera, mawonekedwe akale amabwerera. Khalani ndi Moyo zikopa osaposa chaka chimodzi ndi theka.
