M'mapiri aku Europe ndi Asia Minor, osafikirika ndi anthu, pali nthumwi zachilendo kwambiri za mbuzi - Chamois, yotchedwanso mbuzi zakuda.
Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala chamois
Chamois nyama akuyimira gulu la zinyama, kutalika kwake sikuposa masentimita 75, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi makilogalamu 50. Ma Chamois ndi nyama zokoma kwambiri, thupi lawo ndi lalifupi, ndipo miyendo, m'malo mwake, ndi yayitali, kutalika, imatha kufikira mita imodzi, ndipo kutalika kwa miyendo yakumbuyo kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa yakutsogolo. Mutu wa chamois ndiwokulirapo, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe anyanga opangidwa ndi iwo okha: owongoka kumunsi, kumapeto kwake amapindika mmbuyo ndi pansi.
Mtundu wa chamois umadalira nyengo: nthawi yachisanu ndi chokoleti chakuda, mimba ndiyofiira, pansi pammero ndi pakhosi ndi zofiira. M'chilimwe, ma chamois amakhala ndi ubweya wofupikira, wofiira ndi utoto wofiira, mimba ndi yopepuka, mutu wake ndi wofanana ndi thupi.
Ziboda za chamois ndizotalikirana pang'ono poyerekeza ndi ena am'banja la mbuzi. Ma Chamois amakhala kumapiri a Carpathian, Pontic ndi Caucasus, Pyrenees, Alps komanso mapiri a Asia Minor.
Ma chamois omwe amakhala m'mapiri a Caucasus amasiyana pang'ono ndi abale awo aku Western Europe momwe crani imakhalira, chifukwa chake amadziwika kuti ndi subspecies yosiyana.
Malo okondeka okhalamo a chamois ndi matanthwe amiyala ndi mapiri oyandikira pafupi ndi fir, nkhalango za spruce ndi nkhalango za birch, zili m'nkhalango zowoneka bwino kwambiri. Pofunafuna chakudya, ma chamois amatsikira kudambo.
Pofunafuna malo abwino, chamois imatha kukwera mpaka makilomita atatu, komabe, malo okhala ndi matalala ndi madzi oundana amapewa. Nyama izi zimakonda kwambiri malo awo okhala ndipo zimawoneka m'malo omwewo nthawi yomweyo; saopa nkomwe kuthekera kwakupezeka kwa alenje, kapena abusa okhala ndi ziweto.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wama chamois
Mapiri chamois nthawi zambiri amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, koma nthawi zina amagwirizana m'magulu angapo, ngati gulu lonselo litasonkhana, ndiye kuti mkazi wachikulire wodziwa bwino kwambiri amakhala mtsogoleri.
Monga mwalamulo, ndi akazi omwe amakhala m'gulu la ziweto, amuna samalowa m'gululi ndipo amakhala m'modzi kapena m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, ndipo amalumikizana ndi ziwetozo nthawi yokhwima yokha.
M'chilimwe, ma chamois amakhala pamwamba pamapiri, ndipo pofika nthawi yozizira amayenda kutsika, ndi nthawi yozizira yomwe imakhala nthawi yovuta kwambiri kwa nyama izi chifukwa cha chipale chofewa zimakhala zovuta kupeza chakudya, komanso zimalepheretsa kudumpha mwachangu, chamois mbuzi itha kukhala nyama yosaka nyama.
Ngakhale chidwi chambiri chamois, ali amantha kwambiri. Masana, nyama zimapuma mosinthana, ndipo nthawi yamadzulo zimasankha malo otseguka. Chamois amalumpha ndi kukwera mapiri mwachangu kuposa mphalapala zilizonse; akamathamanga, amatha kudumpha mpaka mita zisanu ndi ziwiri.
Chakudya cha Chamois
Phiri chamois ndi mphodza, m'nyengo yotentha amadya zomera zam'mapiri zokoma, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira amayenera kudyetsa zotsalira za udzu womwe umayang'ana pansi pa chipale chofewa, ntchentche ndi ndere.
Pachithunzicho, chamois amadya, amadya udzu
Amalekerera kusowa kwa madzi bwino, okhutira kunyambita mame kuchokera masamba. Ngati chipale chofewa chimakhala chakuya kwambiri, ndiye kuti amatha kudya ndere zokha zomwe zimapachikidwa pamitengo kwa milungu ingapo, ndipo ma chamois amathanso kukwawa kupita kumalo osungira udzu omwe asiyidwa m'mapiri osaka chakudya.
Komabe, nthawi zambiri, chifukwa chosowa chakudya m'nyengo yozizira, ma chamois ambiri amafa. Ma Chamois amafuna mchere, chifukwa chake amapita kukayererana ndi mchere.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo wa chamois
Utali wamoyo wa Chamois Zaka 10-12, kutha msinkhu kumachitika pafupifupi miyezi 20, koma amayamba kuberekana asanakwanitse zaka zitatu.
Nthawi ya matamando a chamois imayamba kumapeto kwa Okutobala, kukwerana kumachitika mu Novembala. Zazimayi zimanyamula ana kwa milungu 21, ndipo ana amabadwa mu Meyi Juni.
Kubala kumachitika pakati pa nkhalango zowirira za paini, monga lamulo, kutenga mimba kumatha ndikubadwa kwa mwana m'modzi, osachepera awiri, pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo amayimirira pamapazi awo ndipo pambuyo pa maola ochepa amatha kutsatira mayi.
Nthawi yoyamba atabereka, yaikazi imapewa malo osatseguka, koma ana amaphunzira kuthamanga kuthamanga pamiyala ndipo posakhalitsa wamkazi amabwerera kumalo awo.
Ana amakonda kwambiri amayi awo, omwe amawasamalira kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Akamwalira, anawo amatha kukhala amayi achiwiri. Pofika miyezi inayi, nyanga zimayamba kutuluka mwa anawo, ndipo zimawerama kumapeto kwa chaka chachiwiri cha moyo.
Ma Chamois ndi banja lalikulu, kusiyanitsa kuli Chamois cha ku Caucasuszomwe zalembedwa mu Buku Lofiira Russian Federation, chifukwa chake pakadali pano anthu ake ndi pafupifupi zikwi ziwiri, ndipo ambiri a iwo amakhala m'derali.
Pachithunzicho, ma chamois ndi achikazi ndi mwana wawo wamwamuna
Chamois ndi nyama zakutchire, sizinatheke kuweta zoweta, komabe, mtundu wa mbuzi zamkaka wa mkaka zidabadwa ku Switzerland, zomwe zidalandira dzinali kuchokera kwa achibale awo akutali mbuzi Alpine chamois... Dzina lanu chamois zoweta Chifukwa cha kufanana ndi kobadwa nako kwamtundu, kupirira komanso kusintha kwabwino kuzinthu zilizonse zachilengedwe.
