Anthu amakonda kunena kuti nyama ndizikhalidwe za anthu ndipo zimawapatsa chifundo. Ma dolphin ndi nyama zochokera ku cetaceans, omwe ali ndi malingaliro apadera.
Maluso awo anzeru mwanjira zina amaposa Homo sapiens. Mwa mibadwo 19, mitundu 40 ya anamgumi onenepa, dolphin botolo, ofala kwambiri, akatchula ma dolphin, ndiye chithunzi chake chomwe chimatulukira.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a dolphin ya botolo
Chifukwa chotsitsimula? Mu anamgumi, mano sagwira ntchito yotafuna; amatenga nsomba, molluscs, ndi crustaceans. Khalani nawo dolphin botolo pali ambiri, kuyambira 100 mpaka 200, ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, ndipo amapezeka mulomo-vwende.
Ndime zam'mphuno zimalumikizidwa ndikutseguka kumodzi kumtunda kwa chigaza, pamphumi pake palokha. Pakamwa pake pamakhala patali, mutu ndi wocheperako (mpaka 60 cm), koma pamatenda ake azilonda (olemera mpaka 1.7 kg) pali ma convolutions owirikiza kawiri kuposa anthu (pafupifupi 1,4 kg).
Ma dolphin a bottlenose ali ndi mano 200 mkamwa mwawo
Ngakhale asayansi amatsutsa za kudalira kwamaganizidwe amubongo pakuwongolera anzeru, pali china chake. Njira yopumira imagwira ntchito kupyola pamwamba pamutu.
Chifukwa chochepa, kosasintha, amakhala osinthasintha komanso amayenda. Mwa mitundu 7 ya khomo lachiberekero, 5 yasakanizidwa. Nyumba za 2 mpaka 3.5 mita. Akazi ndi ochepera masentimita 15-20. Kulemera kwake ndi makilogalamu 300. Monga lamulo, mtundu wa thupi ndi mitundu iwiri.
Msana ndi imvi yakuda mpaka bulauni, m'mimba muli choyera kwambiri mpaka beige. Nthawi zina pamakhala nyama zokhala ndi mapangidwe mbali, koma mawonekedwewo sanatchulidwe mokwanira, amakonda kusintha.
Kuyankhula za Kufotokozera kwa dolphinzipsepse zake zomwe zili pachifuwa, kumbuyo ndi mchira zimayenera kusamalidwa mwapadera. Zipsepse ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kusinthana kwa zinyama ndi chilengedwe.
Izi zikaphwanyidwa, nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri, ntchito zofunikira za dolphin zimasokonezedwa, zomwe zimatha kubweretsa imfa. Amakhulupirira kuti ndi ochezeka, olandila, koma akadali nyama. Kupsa mtima kwawo kumawonetsedwa pakuukira, kumenya ndi mchira, ndikuluma mdani. Zimachitika kuti amasaka moyandikana ndi nsombazi.
Khalidwe labwino limawonekera pakukhudza, kusisita. Nthawi yomweyo, wapadera phokoso la dolphin. Ali ndi machitidwe awo amawu amawu, ofanana ndi anthu:
- mawu, syllable, mawu;
- ndime, nkhani, chilankhulo.
Zizindikiro za Cetacean zimatsikira pama frequency apamwamba akupanga mpaka 200 kHz, khutu lathu limazindikira mpaka 20 kHz. Kuti mumvetse ma dolphin apamadzi amveka bwanji, ziyenera kusiyanitsidwa:
- "Kuimba mluzu" kapena "kulira" (nthawi zina ngati kuuwa) - kumafotokozedwa mukamayankhulana ndi anthu amtundu wina, komanso pamene mukusangalala;
- sonar (echolocation) - kuti afufuze momwe zinthu zilili, kuzindikira zopinga, pakusaka.
Ndi akupanga sonar yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza anthu omwe ali ndi zootherapy.
Moyo wa dolphin wa Bottlenose ndi malo okhala
Madzi a Nyanja Yonse Yapadziko Lonse, osazizira kawirikawiri, otentha nthawi zambiri, amakhala anyaniwa. Koma pali malo omwe mungakumaneko nawo:
- Chilumba cha Greenland;
- Nyanja ya Norway ndi Baltic;
- Nyanja ya Mediterranean, Red, Caribbean;
- Gulf of Mexico;
- pafupi ndi madera a New Zealand, Argentina ndi Japan.
Amakhala moyo wongokhala, koma amatha kuyendayenda. Mbalame ya dolphin imakhala ndi moyo pagulu lapadera momwe mumakhala magulu (akulu, kukula, aang'ono).
Chithunzi dolphin bottlenose dolphin
Zinyama izi zimatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osasintha, zimagwirizana m'magulu akulu, kuwasiya, kusankha ena. Pokhala mu ukapolo, ali ndi ulamuliro wawo. Utsogoleri umatsimikiziridwa ndi magawo amthupi, magawo azaka, jenda.
Kuthamanga kwawo kuli mpaka 6 km / h, malire ake mpaka 40 km / h, amalumpha mpaka 5 mita kutalika. Amakonda kugona pafupi ndi madzi, koma pakagona tulo tomwe timakhala nthawi zonse timakhala tcheru.
Gawani Mitundu ya dolphin ya botolo:
- nyanja yakuda;
- amwenye;
- Waku Australia;
- kum'mawa kwambiri.
Mpaka anthu zikwi 7 amakhala mu Nyanja Yakuda Nyanja Yakuda dolphin dolphin, chiwerengero chawo chikuchepa. Izi ndichifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, chitukuko cha kutumizira padziko lonse lapansi, komanso kuwononga nyama moperewera.
Dolphin amakonda kugona pamphepete mwa madzi
Kuopsa kwa technogenesis monga zitsime zamafuta, sonars, masewera ankhondo, kafukufuku wazam'madzi, zimasokoneza nzika zonse zam'madzi. Chifukwa chake, mwatsoka, botolo la dolphin m'buku lofiira sichikhala chomaliza kutha.
Chakudya cha dolphin wa botolo
Akamafuna chakudya, nyama zina zimasaka usiku. Sardines, anchovies, croaker, bass zam'madzi amadziwika kuti ndizokoma kwambiri. Wopwetekedwayo amasankhidwa kukula kwa 5 - 30 cm kutalika.
Koma mndandanda wawo ndi wokulirapo, kutengera malo okhala, ngakhale nyama zopanda mafupa zomwe zimapezeka pafupi ndi gombe zimasakidwa. Amadyetsa aliyense payekhapayekha komanso pagulu losaka.
Imeneyi ndi njira yapadera kwambiri pamene gulu la nyama zogwiritsira ntchito echolocation lathamangitsa nsombazo, ndikuzigwetsa pamulu waukulu. Panali nthawi zina pamene amathandiza asodzi mwa kukopa nsomba muukonde.
Chakudya cha tsiku lililonse chimasiyanasiyana kuchokera pa 5 kg mpaka 16 kg. Yatsani chithunzi dolphin bottlenose dolphin omwe nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa ngati kulowa m'madzi, matupi awo amawalola kuti azilumphira pansi mpaka mita 300.
Pofunafuna chakudya, nthawi zambiri amalumphira pansi kupitirira mita 100, amakhala pansi pamadzi mpaka mphindi 7, nthawi yayitali yomira pamadzi ndi mphindi 15. Kenako amafunika kupuma mpweya. Ngakhale zikagona m'madzi, mosakhazikika, mopanda kudzuka, zimatulutsa mpweya wabwino.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa nthawi yayitali ya dolphin
Masika ndi chilimwe ndi nthawi yabwino yoberekana. Mkaziyo ali ndi zaka 5 ndipo wamwamuna amakhala ndi makolo azaka zisanu ndi zitatu. Zambiri zosangalatsa za dolphin ya bottlenose ndiwo mitala yawo komanso kuthekera kosakanirana ndi ma cetacean a ma subspecies ena.
Kukumana kwake kumatenga masiku atatu mpaka milungu ingapo. Pakadali pano, nyama zam'madzi zimasambira mwanjira yapadera, zikugwada, kupindika, kuluma, kupukuta ndi zipsepse ndi mutu. Chiyambi chimatsagana ndi mawu amawu.
Kulumikizana kumachitika popita kangapo. Mimba imakhala pafupifupi chaka chimodzi, asanabadwe, munthu amakhala wosasunthika, wosatetezeka. Mwana amawoneka pansi pamadzi, mchira umatuluka koyamba, kubereka kumatha kukhala mpaka maola awiri.
Pamapeto pa ndondomekoyi, gulu lonse la nkhosa limakondwera kwambiri, likusangalala, ndipo mwana wakhanda ndi amayi ake komanso "makola" azimayi, amayenera kuyandama pamwamba kuti apume kaye mpweya.
Pachithunzicho, dolphin wokhala ndi botolo wokhala ndi ana
Zikawoneka, mwana amakhala ndi kutalika mpaka 60 cm, nthawi yomweyo amayesa kupeza mawere azimayi. Poyamba, dolphin sichisiya mayi ake, imadya mkaka kwa miyezi 18 kapena kupitilira apo, zomwe zimanena kuti mafuta amaposa ng'ombe. Kulawa chakudya chotafuna pakatha miyezi inayi ya moyo.
Njira yoberekera ikufanana ndi munthu. Matendawa amafanana, amadziwa kuti sitiroko kapena matenda amtima ndi otani. Moyo wa nyama zodabwitsa izi ukhoza kufikira zaka 40.
