Chimbalangondo chachimalaya, bere-galu, biruang, sun bear (Helarctos) - onsewa ndi mayina amtundu womwewo wa banja la Bear.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Malay Bear
Chimbalangondo cha ku Malay ndi m'bale wawo wakutali wa zimbalangondo zokongola zonse - nyama zazikulu zazikulu. Komanso, ili ndi kukula kocheperako pakati pa oimira onse a chimbalangondo, popeza kulemera kwake sikupitilira 65 kg.
Helarctos ndi dzina la chimbalangondo chomwe adapatsidwa ndi anthu amderalo ndikutsimikiziridwa ndi akatswiri a zoo, komwe mu Chi Greek: hela ndi dzuwa, ndipo arcto ndi chimbalangondo. Chinyamacho chinalandira dzina ili mwina chifukwa malo pachifuwa pake, omwe amakhala ndi mthunzi kuchokera kuyera mpaka kuwala kwa lalanje, amakumbutsa dzuwa lomwe likutuluka.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Biruang
Biruang, chimbalangondo chaching'ono kwambiri pamasayansi onse, chimakhala ndi thupi lokhalitsa, lolimba komanso lolimba pafupifupi masentimita 150, osapitilira 70 cm, komanso lolemera makilogalamu 27 mpaka 65. Zimbalangondo zamphongo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazikulu pang'ono kuposa zazimayi, osati zochuluka - ndi 10-12% yokha.
Nyamayo ili ndi mkamwa wawufupi kwambiri wokhala ndi mano akuluakulu olimba, makutu ang'onoang'ono ozungulira ndi ang'onoang'ono, osawona bwino. Nthawi yomweyo, kusowa kwa zimbalangondo zowoneka bwino kumangoperekedwa chifukwa chongomva ndi kununkhiza.
Nyamayi imakhalanso ndi lilime lokakamira komanso lalitali lomwe limatha kudyetsa chiswe ndi tizilombo tina tating'ono mosavuta. Zingwe za biruang ndizazitali kwambiri, zazikulu kwambiri, zamphamvu kwambiri ndi zikhadabo zazitali, zopindika komanso zopindika.
Ngakhale mawonekedwe ake ndi achabechabe, chimbalangondo cha ku Malawi chimakhala ndi chovala chokongola kwambiri - chachifupi, chonyezimira, chakuda chakuda chakuda ndi zinthu zoteteza madzi komanso zipsera zofiira pambali, pakamwa ndi malo osiyana pachifuwa.
Kodi chimbalangondo cha ku Malawi chimakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Biruang, kapena chimbalangondo cha ku Malawi
Zimbalangondo zaku Malawi zimakhala m'malo otentha, m'nkhalango zam'malo otentha, m'mapiri okhala ndi zigwa ndi mapiri ochepera azilumba za Borneo, Sumatra ndi Java, ku Indochina Peninsula, ku India (gawo lakumpoto chakum'mawa), Indonesia, Thailand ndipo amakhala moyo wokhawokha kupatula zimbalangondo zokhala ndi ana komanso nthawi yomwe kukwatira kumachitika.
Kodi chimbalangondo cha chi Malay chimadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Chimbalangondo chachi Malay kuchokera ku Red Book
Ngakhale zimbalangondo zachi Malay zimawonedwa ngati zolusa - amasaka makoswe ang'onoang'ono, mbewa, ma voles, abuluzi ndi mbalame, amathanso kukhala omnivores, chifukwa samanyoza nyama zakufa ndi zinyalala za nyama zina zazikulu.
Komanso pazosankha zawo ndizochuluka:
- chiswe;
- nyerere;
- njuchi (zakutchire) ndi uchi wawo;
- ziphuphu;
- mazira a mbalame;
- zipatso za mitengo;
- mizu yodyedwa.
Kuchokera kwa anthu akumadera omwe amakhala ndi zimbalangondo zachilendozi, nthawi zambiri mumamva madandaulo akuti ma biruang amawononga kwambiri minda ya nthochi podya nthambi zazitsamba za nthochi ndi nthochi zazing'ono, komanso minda ya cocoa imavutika kwambiri chifukwa chofunidwa pafupipafupi ...
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Malay Bear
Biruangi ndi nyama zambiri zomwe zimayenda usiku zomwe zimakwera mitengo bwino. Usiku amadya masamba a mitengo, zipatso ndi nyerere, ndipo masana amagwa pakati pa nthambi kapena amatentha padzuwa pamtunda wa 7 mpaka 12 mita. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino za nyama zimawerengedwa kuti ndizokhoza kupanga zisa kapena zitseko kuchokera ku nthambi bwino, ndikuzipinda mwapadera. Inde, inde, kumanga zisa. Ndipo amachita bwino kwambiri - osayipa kuposa mbalame.
M'zisa zawo, zimbalangondo nthawi zambiri zimapuma kapena kutentha dzuwa masana. Chifukwa chake dzina lina lidachokera: "dzuwa chimbalangondo". Kuphatikiza apo, Amalaya mchilankhulo chawo amatcha zimbalangazi popanda china koma: "basindo nan tenggil", kutanthauza "amene amakonda kukhala pamwamba kwambiri".
Biruangi, mosiyana ndi abale awo akumpoto kwambiri m'banjamo, samakonda kugona ndipo samayesetsa kuchita izi. Mwinanso gawo ili limalumikizidwa ndi nyengo yotentha komanso yotentha, momwe nyengo imakhala yocheperako, sasintha modabwitsa, ndipo m'chilengedwe mumakhala chakudya chokwanira nthawi zonse, chomera ndi nyama.
Mwambiri, ma biruangs ndi nyama zokhazikika komanso zopanda vuto zomwe zimayesetsa kupewa anthu nthawi zonse. Komabe, nthawi zina zimachitika kuti zimbalangondo zimachita zankhanza kwambiri ndipo mosayembekezereka zimaukira nyama zina (akambuku, akambuku) ngakhale anthu. Nthawi zambiri, izi sizimachitika kwa amuna okhaokha, koma kwa akazi omwe ali ndi ana amphongo, mwina akukhulupirira kuti atha kukhala pachiwopsezo.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Malay Sun Bear
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, zimbalangondo zachi Malay ndizinyama zokhazokha. Samasonkhana m'mapaketi ndipo amakhala okwatirana okhaokha, ndiye kuti, amapanga maanja olimba, koma pamasewera okhaokha. Atamaliza, banjali likutha ndipo aliyense wa mamembala ake amapita njira yake. Kutha msinkhu kwawo kumachitika ali ndi zaka 3 mpaka 5.
Nthawi yokwanira ya biruangs imatha masiku awiri kapena asanu ndi awiri, nthawi zina kupitilira apo. Mkazi, wokonzekera kukwatira, pamodzi ndi wamwamuna amatenga nawo gawo pazomwe zimatchedwa kuti mating, zomwe zimadziwika ndi chibwenzi chanthawi yayitali, kusewera kumenya nkhondo, kulumpha, masewera owonetsa achiwerewere, kukumbatirana mwamphamvu ndi chikondi china.
Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, kukwerana mu zimbalangondo zachi Malay kumatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse mchaka - ngakhale nthawi yotentha, ngakhale nthawi yozizira, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti mtunduwu ulibe nyengo yokwanira. Monga lamulo, kutenga mimba ku Malay kumatenga masiku osaposa 95, koma nthawi zambiri pamakhala zochitika m'malo osungira nyama, pomwe kutenga pakati kumatha kukhala kawiri kapena ngakhale katatu kupitirira nthawi zonse, zomwe mwina zimangochitika chifukwa cha kuchedwa chabe kulowa kwa dzira la umuna m'chiberekero. Chochitika chofananacho cha kuchedwa kwa umuna nthawi zambiri kumachitika m'mitundu yonse ya Bear.
Zazikazi nthawi zambiri zimabereka mwana mmodzi kapena atatu. Asanabadwe, amafunafuna malo obisika kwa nthawi yayitali, amawakonzekeretsa mosamala, akukonzekera kufanana kwa chisa kuchokera ku nthambi zoonda, masamba a kanjedza ndi udzu wouma. Ana a Biruang amabadwa amaliseche, akhungu, opanda thandizo komanso ocheperako - osapitirira magalamu 300. Kuyambira nthawi yobadwa, moyo, chitetezo, kukula kwakuthupi ndi china chilichonse mwa ana aang'ono chimadalira amayi awo.
Kuphatikiza pa mkaka wa amayi, womwe amayamwa mpaka miyezi inayi, ana obadwa kumene mpaka miyezi iwiri amafunikanso kukondoweza kwamatumbo ndi chikhodzodzo. Mwachilengedwe, chisamaliro ichi chimaperekedwa ndi chimbalangondo, nthawi zambiri komanso kunyambita ana ake. M'malo osungira nyama, chifukwa cha izi, anawo amasambitsidwa kangapo patsiku, ndikuwongolera madzi pamimba, potero amalowetsa amayi.
Makanda a Biruang amakula mwachangu, mwachangu kwenikweni. Pofika miyezi itatu, amatha kuthamanga kwambiri, kusewera limodzi komanso ndi amayi awo, ndikudya chakudya china.
Khungu la ana atangobadwa limakhala ndi utoto wakuda wokhala ndi ubweya wofupikira, ndipo mphuno ndi malo pachifuwa ndi zoyera.
Maso a makanda amatseguka pafupifupi patsiku la 25, koma amayamba kuwona ndikumva kwathunthu pofika tsiku la 50. Mkazi, pomwe ana ali naye, amawaphunzitsa komwe angapeze chakudya, choti adye ndi chiyani. Pambuyo pa miyezi 30, anawo amasiya amayi awo ndikuyamba moyo wawo wosadalira anzawo.
Adani achilengedwe a zimbalangondo zachi Malay
Chithunzi: Bear-galu
M'malo awo achilengedwe, adani akulu a zimbalangondo zaku Malayya makamaka akambuku, akambuku ndi oimira ena akuluakulu amtundu wa mphalapala, komanso ng'ona ndi njoka zazikulu, makamaka nsato. Pofuna kudziteteza kwa adani ambiri, ma biruang ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino okha kwa iwo okha: khungu lotayirira kwambiri m'khosi, kugwera m'mapewa m'makola awiri kapena atatu.
Momwe imagwirira ntchito? Ngati chilombo chimagwira chimbalangondo pakhosi, chimakhala chosavuta komanso chamakhalidwe abwino ndikumuluma wolakwayo ndi mano ake olimba, kenako chimagwiritsa ntchito zikhadabo zazitali zakuthwa. Nkhaniyi pafupifupi nthawi zonse imagwira chilombocho modzidzimutsa ndipo ilibe nthawi yoti ibwerere ku malingaliro ake, popeza kuti womuwonekayo wopanda thandizo, atamupweteka, adathawa mwachangu ndikubisala mumtengo.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Malay Bear (Biruang)
Masiku ano, chimbalangondo chachi Malay (biruang) chimawerengedwa kuti ndi nyama yosowa, yolembedwa mu Red Book ngati "nyama zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha." Ikuphatikizidwanso mu Zowonjezera Na. 1 za Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna. Kuphatikizidwa ndi chikalatachi kumaletsa kugulitsa kwamayiko ku biruang.
Kupatula kochepa pamalamulowa ndikuti kugulitsa kochepa kwa zimbalangondo zaku Malay kungobwezeretsa zopereka za zoo. Nthawi yomweyo, njira yogulitsa ndiyovuta, yantchito ndipo imafuna ziphaso ndi zikalata zingapo kuchokera kumalo osungira nyama omwe akufuna kugula biruang.
Akatswiri a zoo ndi akatswiri ena satchula nambala yeniyeni ya ma biruang, koma akunena kuti kuchuluka kwawo kukucheperako chaka chilichonse, komanso modetsa nkhawa kwambiri. Udindo waukulu pantchitoyi umaseweredwa, ndithudi, ndi munthu, kuwononga malo okhala nyama nthawi zonse.
Zifukwa zakuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha zimbalangondo zachi Malay ndizofala:
- kudula mitengo mwachisawawa;
- moto;
- kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo;
- Kuwononga kopanda tanthauzo komanso kopanda tanthauzo.
Zomwe tafotokozazi zikukankhira ma biruang m'malo ochepa kwambiri komanso akutali kuchokera ku chitukuko, komwe akusowa chakudya ndipo alibe malo abwino amoyo komanso kubereka.
Kusunga zimbalangondo zachi Malay
Chithunzi Biruang Red Book
Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa nyama zosowa izi zikuchepa chaka chilichonse, anthu ambiri safuna kulingalira zamtsogolo ndikupitiliza kuwawononga mwankhanza, kuwasaka kuti agulitsidwe komanso osachita masewera.
Ndipo chifukwa chakuti mbali zina za thupi, makamaka ndulu ndi biruang bile, zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiritsira njira zina zakum'mawa kuyambira nthawi zakale ndipo zimawerengedwa ngati njira yothandiza yochizira kutupa ndi matenda a bakiteriya, komanso kuwonjezera mphamvu. Chifukwa china chowonongera nyama zosowa kwambiri ndi ubweya wokongola womwe zipewa zimasokedwa.
Pomaliza, ndikufuna kunena kuti nzika zaku Malaysia zili ndi zawo, zomwe sizomveka kwenikweni kwa anthu osadziwa, ubale ndi zimbalangondo zachi Malay. Kuyambira kale, mbadwa zakhala zikuweta zimbalangondo za dzuwa, nthawi zambiri zimawasunga m'midzi ngati ziweto zawo komanso zosangalatsa za ana. Chifukwa chake mphekesera zakukwiya kwa biruang ndizosiyana ndi zamalamulo. Ndicho chifukwa chake dzina lachilendo limeneli linawonekera - "galu-galu".
Tikayang'ana nthano zambiri zaku Aborigine, ma tetrapods amatha mizu muukapolo, amachita modekha, amakana zosangalatsa zakale, monga kugona m'chisa padzuwa, ndipo amafanana kwambiri ndi agalu. M'malo osungira nyama, ma biruang amaberekana popanda mavuto ndikukhala motalika kokwanira - mpaka zaka 25.
Kuchokera pamwambapa, zikutsatira kuti vuto la kuchepa kwa anthu sikuti chiwonongeko cha malo awo ndi anthu, koma chiwonongeko chofala. Chimbalangondo chachimalaya akuyenera kukhala otetezedwa kwambiri ndi boma, ngakhale izi sizilepheretsa ozunza nyama mopanda phindu ndi ena omwe amapeza phindu pochita bizinesi yawo yakuda.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 02.02.2019
Idasinthidwa: 16.09.2019 pa 17:38
