Kuchokera kumalo owonera nyama, nkhanu ndi crayfish ndizamtundu womwewo. Nyamazi zili ndi magulu awoawo ofotokozera komanso maulamuliro awo. Ndipo pakati pawo palinso zimphona, zomwe ndi Nkhanu ya Kamchatka, yemwe, ngakhale ali ndi dzina, amadziwika kuti ndi nkhanu.
Maonekedwe a nkhanu ku Kamchatka
Maonekedwe a nkhanu yamfumu amafanana kwambiri ndi nkhanu zina, komabe chinyama ndi cha nkhanu ndipo chimasiyanitsidwa makamaka ndi miyendo isanu yochepetsedwa.
Ndi m'modzi mwamayimidwe akulu amitundu yake, wa banja la Lithodidae. Kukula wamkulu Nkhanu ya Kamchatka chachimuna chimafika 25 cm m'lifupi mwa cephalothorax ndi 150 cm m'lifupi la miyendo, ndikulemera kwa 7.5 kg. Zazimayi ndizochepa, zolemera pafupifupi 4.3 kg.
Thupi la nkhanu limakhala ndi cephalothorax, yomwe ili pansi pa chipolopolo wamba, komanso pamimba. Mimba, kapena mimba, imapindika pansi pa chifuwa. Carapace m'chigawo cha mtima ndi m'mimba imakhala ndi minyewa yakuthwa, yomwe ilipo 6 pamwamba pamtima ndi 11 pamwamba pamimba.
Pachithunzichi nkhanu ya Kamchatka
Chifukwa chake, amateteza thupi lofewa la khansa, ndipo nthawi yomweyo ndi othandizira minofu, popeza chinyama chilibe mafupa. M'mbali mwa chipolopolocho muli timiyala.
Kutsogolo kwa carapace kumatulutsa zotupa zomwe zimateteza maso. Unyolo wonse wamitsempha uli kumapeto kwa torso. Mimba ili kumutu kwa thupi ndipo mtima kumbuyo.
Nkhanu ya Kamchatka ali awiriawiri asanu miyendo, zinayi zomwe zikuyenda, ndipo chachisanu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa makutu. King crab zikhadabo aliyense ali ndi cholinga chake - ndikumanja amathyola zipolopolo zolimba ndikuphwanya ma hedgehogs, pomwe kumanzere amadula chakudya chofewa.
Mkazi amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi mimba yozungulira, yomwe imakhala yaying'ono yamphongo yamphongo. Mtundu wa thupi ndi miyendo ya nkhanu ndi yofiirira pabuluwuni pamwambapa, komanso chikaso pansipa. Mawanga ofiira kumbali. Anthu ena ndi achikuda owala, mawonekedwe Nkhanu ya Kamchatka titha kuyerekezera ndi chithunzi.
Malo okhala nkhanu ku Kamchatka
Chinyama chachikulu ichi chimakhala munyanja zambiri. Dera lalikulu lili m'chigawo cha Far East ndipo zigawo zakumpoto kwa nyanja zikutsuka. Umu ndi momwe nkhanu imakhala m'nyanja ya Japan, Nyanja ya Okhotsk, ndi Nyanja ya Bering. Amabereka ku Bristol Bay. Derali lakhazikika pafupi ndi Zilumba za Shantar ndi Kuril, Sakhalin komanso koposa zonse ku Kamchatka.
Nkhanu ya Kamchatka yatengeka m'nyanja ya Barents. Imeneyi inali njira yayitali komanso yovuta, yomwe mwachidziwikire idayamba mu 1932. Mu 1960, kwanthawi yoyamba, zinali zotheka kunyamula achikulire ochokera ku Far East.
Pakati pa 1961 ndi 1969, nkhanu zambiri zidatumizidwa kunja, makamaka poyendetsa ndege. Ndipo mu 1974, nkhanu yoyamba inagwidwa mu Nyanja ya Barents. Kuyambira 1977, adayamba kugwira nyama izi pagombe la Norway.
Pakadali pano, anthu akula kwambiri, nkhanu yafalikira pagombe la Norway kumwera chakumadzulo, komanso kumpoto mpaka ku Svalbard. Mu 2006, chiwerengero cha nkhanu mu Nyanja ya Barents chinali pafupifupi anthu 100 miliyoni. Nkhanu imakhala pamalo akuya mamita 5 mpaka 250, pansi penipeni pa mchenga kapena pansi pa matope.
Moyo wa nkhanu ku Kamchatka
Nkhanu ya Kamchatka imakhala ndi moyo wokangalika, imangoyendayenda. Koma njira yake nthawi zonse imamangidwa motsatira njira yomweyo. Travel liwiro ndi 1.8 Km / h. Nkhanu zimayenda kutsogolo kapena chammbali. Sadziwa m'mene angadzikwirire pansi.
Kujambula ndi nkhanu ya buluu ya Kamchatka
M'nyengo yozizira, nkhanu imapita pansi, mpaka mamita 200-270. Pakubwera kutentha, imakwera mpaka kumtunda kwa madzi. Amuna ndi akazi amakhala m'madzi osaya, pomwe amuna amayenda pang'ono, pomwe pali chakudya chochuluka.
Kamodzi pachaka, munthu wamkulu ku Kamchatka nkhanu zimasungunuka, ndikuthira chipolopolo chake chakale. Pomwe chivundikiro chakale chimasinthika, chigoba chatsopano, chofewa, chimakhala chikukula kale. Njira ya molt imatenga pafupifupi masiku atatu, pomwe nkhanu imakonda kudziwonetsa yokha ndikubisala m'mabowo ndi ming'alu yamwala. Akazi "amaliseche" amatetezedwa ndi amuna.
Kusungunuka mu "kugonana kwamphamvu" kumachitika pambuyo pake, mozungulira Meyi, kutentha kwamadzi kukafika 2-7 C⁰. Kuphatikiza pa chivundikiro chanyama, ziwalo zakunja kwa mtima, m'mimba, minyewa ndi minyewa zimasinthanso. Chifukwa chake, nyamayo imasinthidwa kwathunthu chaka chilichonse ndikupeza misa yatsopano.
Tinyama tating'onoting'ono tambiri tambiri tambiri tambiri molingana ndi zaka 12 chaka choyamba chamoyo, kasanu ndi kamodzi kapena kasanu ndi kawiri mchaka chachiwiri, kenako kawiri kokha. Akafika zaka zisanu ndi zinayi, nkhanu zimakula komanso kusungunuka kamodzi pachaka, pomwe azaka 13 zokha kamodzi kokha pakatha zaka ziwiri zilizonse.
Chakudya cha nkhanu ku Kamchatka
Nkhanu ya Kamchatka imadyetsa anthu okhala pansi: zikopa zam'madzi, nkhono zosiyanasiyana, nyongolotsi, starfish, nsomba zazing'ono, plankton, mphukira, nkhanu. Nkhanu ya ku Kamchatka imadya nyama zolusa zilizonse.
Achinyamata (azaka zazing'ono) amadyetsa ma hydroids. Ndi chithandizo cha khadabo lamanja, nkhanu imatulutsa nyama yofewa kuchokera ku zipolopolo zolimba ndi zipolopolo, ndipo ndimzere wakumanzere imadya chakudya.
Mitundu yamalonda ya nkhanu
M'nyanja zakum'mawa kwakutali muli mitundu yambiri ya nkhanu zomwe zingagwidwe. M'magawo amenewo mutha Gulani nkhanu ya Kamchatka kapena zilizonse.
Nkhanu ya Byrd ndi mitundu ing'onoing'ono, nthawi zina imatha kukwatirana ndikupereka hybrids ndi nkhanu ya opilio. Mitunduyi imalemera pafupifupi 1 kg. ndipo ali ndi caracaps kukula pafupifupi masentimita 15. Nkhanu yofiira yachisanu imakhala mu Nyanja ya Japan. Ichi ndi chinyama chaching'ono chomwe chimakhala ndi masentimita 10 mpaka 15. Amadzitcha choncho chifukwa cha utoto wake wofiira.
Mitengo kuyatsa Nkhanu ya Kamchatka zosiyanasiyana, mutha kugula nkhanu yonse, yamoyo kapena yozizira. Pali mwayi wogula phalaxes of crab king, pincers - mu chipolopolo komanso popanda, nyama ndi mbale zingapo zopangidwa kuchokera kale. Mtengo m'malo opha nsomba ndiotsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kutumizidwa kumadera. Mtengo wa nkhanu yamoyo ndi pafupifupi ma ruble 10,000.
Nyama ya nkhanu ya Kamchatka chofunikira kwambiri m'thupi lonse chifukwa chakupezeka kwa mavitamini ndi ma microelements mmenemo. Ndikofunika masomphenya, kulimbitsa mtima wamtima komanso kukonza thanzi lathunthu.
Kubalana ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa nkhanu ya mfumu
Pakasamukira kasupe, akazi amatenga mazira okhala ndi mazira m'mimba mwawo, ndipo m'mimba mwake amakhala ndi gawo latsopano la mazira omwe sanabadwebe. Panjira yopita kumadzi osaya, mphutsi zimaswa kuchokera kumazira akunja.
Komanso, akazi ndi amuna amakumana, molt amapezeka. Amuna amathandiza wamkazi kuchotsa chipolopolo chakale, ndipo zikachitika, amamangiriza tepi ya umuna ku miyendo yake yoyenda, pambuyo pake amapita kukadyetsa.
Mkazi amatulutsa mazira ndi madzi kuti atsegule spermatophores. Chiwerengero cha mazira chimafika 300 zikwi. Mazirawo amalumikizidwa ndi miyendo ya m'mimba ya mkazi, yomwe amayenda nawo nthawi zonse, kutsuka mazirawo ndi madzi abwino. M'nyengo yotentha, mazira amakula, koma m'nyengo yozizira amaundana ndipo kukula kumayambitsidwa kokha mchaka, nthawi yosamukira komanso kutentha kwamadzi.
Pachithunzicho, zikhadabo za nkhanu za mfumu
Mphutsi zoswedwa ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi nkhanu - ndizolengedwa zazitali zokhala ndi mimba yayitali, yopanda miyendo. Kwa miyezi iwiri, mphutsi zimanyamula madzi amphepete mwa nyanja, panthawiyi amatha kutulutsa kanayi.
Kenako amamira pansi, molt kachitatu ndipo kenako amakhala ndi miyendo, chipolopolo chawo ndi mimba zawo zimakhala zazifupi kwambiri. Pambuyo masiku ena 20, mphutsi zimasungunuka ndipo zimapitilira chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira.
Nyama zimakula msanga, ndipo molt iliyonse imafanana kwambiri ndi makolo awo. Kwa zaka 5-7 zoyambirira, nkhanu zimakhala malo amodzi kenako zimangoyamba kusamuka. M'chaka chachisanu ndi chitatu cha moyo, nkhanu yazimayi imakula msinkhu, ili ndi zaka 10, amuna amakhala okonzeka kubereka. Nkhanu ya Kamchatka imakhala nthawi yayitali kwambiri - pafupifupi zaka 15-20.
