Feteleza wa zomera za m'nyanja yam'madzi akuwonetsa kuti ndiwofunikira. Mwa kuphunzira mosamala zonse zomwe zilipo, zimakhala zotheka kusankha bwino ndikusamalira anthu okhala m'malo am'madzi.
Kodi feteleza ndi chiyani?
Musanazindikire zomwe ndi zabwino kugwiritsa ntchito nsomba, muyenera kumvetsetsa ntchito zogwiritsa ntchito feteleza zosiyanasiyana.
Chifukwa chake, cholinga chachikulu ndichotsimikizika komanso chopatsa thanzi chomera chomera. Nthawi yomweyo, zomera zimatha kukula chifukwa nsomba zimakhala mumtambo wa aquarium, womwe umatulutsa zinyalala. Nthawi zina, zomwe nsomba zimapereka zimakhala zokwanira, koma zinthu sizingachitike motere.
Ngakhale mphamvu itachokera kumadzi abwino omwe atengedwa kuchokera kuzinyumba zazikuluzikulu, izi sizingakhale zokwanira pakusintha kwamadzimadzi mu aquarium.
Feteleza a Ermolaev cholinga chake ndikuthandizira kukula kwa mbewu. Kuphatikiza apo, kuthekera kosintha zakunja kwa zomera zobiriwira kumaganiziridwa. Madzi otchedwa aquarium omwe zomera zimatha kukula msanga amakhala okongola. Zotsatirazi zitha kungopereka mayankho abwino kuchokera kwa akatswiri odziwa zamadzi. Ngakhale kuti nsomba zokongola sizimawonjezeredwa nthawi zonse ku aquarium ndipo ndizomvetsa chisoni kugawana nawo mwakachetechete, yankho pazomwe zilipo lingapezeke. Zomera zimapereka zosankha zambiri pakupanga dziko la aquarium.
Nthawi zina, fetereza wa m'nyanja yamchere imatha kusiya kufunikira ndipo imakhala yofunikira. Kudyetsa mbewu ndikofunikira ngati kugwiritsira ntchito kaboni dayokisaidi. Ngati gasi sakuyembekezeredwa, mutha kuyang'ana kwambiri za zomwe zabzala. Malo obiriwira ochepa akuwonetsa kupezeka kwa chakudya chokwanira kuchokera m'madzi ndi nsomba, koma izi zimasintha pambuyo pake.
Zomera zikakula kufika pamlingo winawake, zimayamba kusowa zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndikuyamba kukula pang'onopang'ono. Zomera zolimba zimathabe kukula msanga, koma pokhapokha phindu la zokolola zina zomwe zimakhala zosamveka bwino. Izi zikusonyeza kuti mulimonsemo muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera a Ermolaev kapena opanga ena, opanga.
Ndi feteleza uti amene mungasankhe: aquarium kapena chizindikiro?
Manyowa opangira zachilengedwe aku aquarium pano akuperekedwa komanso zopangidwa ndi dzina. Ndi njira iti yomwe ili yabwino kwambiri? Chifukwa chiyani mutha kukonzekera nokha feteleza?
Manyowa omwe amadzipangira okha ndi okonzeka kusangalatsa ndi mtengo wabwino kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, mtengo wawo ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi mtengo wazinthu zosindikizidwa. Komanso, ngakhale mankhwala a Ermolaev amaperekedwa nthawi yomweyo pamtengo wokwera ndipo amasiya kukhala opindulitsa momwe tikufunira.
Chofunikira kwambiri ndikumvetsetsa momwe mungakonzekerere zosakaniza zokometsera zokha kuti athe kuwonetsa phindu lalikulu. Ndikofunikira kukonzekera pasadakhale kuti mugule mankhwala ochulukirapo ambiri, ndipo sizotheka kuti adzagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino munthawi yonse yomwe mumakonda. Pazifukwa izi, feteleza omwe amadzipangira kale amafunika ndalama zochulukirapo kuposa zopangidwa ndi malonda, koma olimba pambuyo pake abwera.
Nthawi zambiri, njirayi ndiyofunika kwambiri kwa akatswiri am'madzi omwe poyamba amakhala ndi chidziwitso chokwanira cha zamankhwala pasukulu ndikuyesetsa kuyesa zambiri, akufuna kuwona momwe zomera za m'madzi zimakhalira.
Feteleza omwe ali ndi dzina ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri kwa anthu omwe amayesetsa kupeza malo obiriwira athanzi. Kuphatikiza apo, akatswiri am'madzi oterewa atha kutsimikizira kuti kudzipangira umuna ndi mutu wosafunikira ndipo kumatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwakanthawi. Muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti feteleza omwe amadzipangira okha amakhala ndi mtundu winawake wamtengo wapatali, koma nthawi yomweyo zinthu zomwe zimasindikizidwa zimatha kusintha mosalekeza. Opanga omwe akuyesera kupanga zinthu zochulukirapo ali ndi chidwi chokweza zinthu zomwe amapereka. Zogulitsa za Ermolaev zimaphatikizaponso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya fetereza ndipo zikukula chaka chilichonse.
Maphikidwe apagulu azinthu zopangidwa mwaluso sanasinthe. Ndi okhawo amadzi am'madzi omwe ali ndi chidziwitso choyambira pomwe ndi omwe amatha kumvetsetsa momwe angakonzere bwino kapangidwe kake. Zopangira zamagetsi zimapangidwa koyambirira ndi zowonjezera zina kuti zitheke kusungidwa bwino. Izi zati, zakudya zokometsera ndizosavuta kuphika kuposa kuda nkhawa zakukaniza kukana nkhungu ndi cinoni mutasungidwa bwino mufiriji ngakhale mufiriji.
Makhalidwe a feteleza wamadzi m'madzi am'madzi
Posachedwa, feteleza wamadzi akuchulukirachulukira. Mafunso okhudza momwe angagwiritsire ntchito ndi achindunji. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zambiri, omwe amakhala ndi malo okhala m'madzi amafunsa kuti: "kodi ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wochulukirapo? Mtundu wa nkhaniyi umamveka bwino.
Mankwala akhoza kukhala maziko a chilengedwe cha mankhwala insoluble, monga cations wa osakaniza microelements. Komabe, mwayi uwu umangowonekera pokhapokha mutasakaniza feteleza wamadzimadzi, micronutrient. Mukayamba kuwonjezera zinthuzo ku aquarium, mutha kumvetsetsa kuti zinthuzo zimasungunuka kwambiri. Pambuyo pake, kupanga zinthu zosasungunuka sikuthekanso. Pachifukwa ichi, kuti musinthe feteleza, pamafunika chisamaliro kuti mugwiritse ntchito zida zazing'ono komanso zazing'ono nthawi imodzi.
Amakhulupirira kuti ma macronutrients amadyedwa bwino ndi malo obiriwira usiku, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiziphatikiza zinthuzi madzulo kuti athe kuwonetsa phindu lalikulu. Mawu awa atha kupezeka pamisonkhano yambiri ya mafani a nsomba ndi zomera za ku aquarium. Komabe, malangizowa ndi okayikitsa: kuyamwa kwa michere kumachitika pokhapokha kulandira kuwala, chifukwa chake madzi amadzimadzi-, macrofertilizers amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mawa kwambiri.
M'mbuyomu, opanga feteleza amalimbikitsa kuwonjezera zosakaniza zazakudya kamodzi pa sabata. Mwachidziwikire, malangizowa adakhazikitsidwa ndi ulesi wina wam'madzi am'madzi, chifukwa opanga sankafuna kuopseza omverawo. Ngakhale zili choncho, mankhwala Ermolaev ndi kutukula ena ayenera anayambitsa nthawi zonse komanso wogawana. Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza tsiku ndi tsiku kumatha kusangalatsa ndi zotsatira zabwino zomwe sizingakwaniritsidwe popanda vuto lililonse kamodzi pamlungu.
Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza moyenera
Opanga osiyanasiyana amasankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya fetereza. Chifukwa chake ndi chiyani? Kodi ndi mlingaliro uti womwe ungapindule kwambiri?
Zifukwa zakusiyanako zafotokozedwa ndi matekinoloje okula, kusunga mbewu. Pali machitidwe ambiri, ndipo malingaliro amasiyanasiyana kwambiri. Makina amatha kupangidwira zolinga zosiyanasiyana, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti ndioyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera. Kuti mumvetsetse chifukwa chake Mlingo wa Ermolaev ndi opanga ena onse ndi osiyana kwambiri, m'pofunika kumvetsetsa zizindikilo za njira zakwaniritsira ntchitoyi.
Pakuwerenga makina onse omwe alipo pakukula kwa zomera m'madzi am'madzi, mutha kusankha ukadaulo woyenera kwambiri. Makampani azamalonda amaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zopangidwa mwanjira inayake, ndipo opanga amatha kupanga feteleza pazinthu zina. Chofunika kwambiri ndikudziwa kuti ndi feteleza ati omwe amafunikira zomera za m'madzi, ndi ntchito ziti zomwe ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa bwino. Kutukula aliyense woyenera, kuphatikizapo kampani Ermolaev, yesetsani kuganizira za ena kagawo kakang'ono, chifukwa mu nkhani iyi, munthu akhoza kudalira zotsatira zabwino za ntchito anakonza.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti ma micro-, macroelements amalumikizana wina ndi mnzake, chifukwa chake amatha kuwonetsa zinthu zawo m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
Kodi ndizosakaniza ziti zomwe zomera za aquarium zimafunikira?
Musanamvetsetse mtundu wa chakudya kuchokera kwa Ermolaev kapena wopanga mapulogalamu ena omwe amafunikira, muyenera kuphunzira mosamala zinthu zazikuluzikulu za zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa:
- Nitrogeni (N) imatha kubwera chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ammonia, nitrate, ndi nitrites. Mitundu iyi imakhala yofunikira kwambiri m'malo obiriwira. Kuperewera kwa nayitrogeni kumatha kudzazidwanso ndi feteleza, omwe amapangidwa mosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Mulingo woyenera wa chakudya cha nitrate uyenera kukhala pakati pa khumi mpaka makumi awiri ppm.
- Phosphorus ndizovala zazikulu kwambiri. Manyowa a Aquarium ochokera ku Ermolaev, omwe ali ndi phosphorous, amafunikira kuti akule bwino ndikukhalabe ndi thanzi labwino pazomera. Njira yabwino kwambiri ndiyo phosphorous yotsika m'madzi a aquarium. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zikubwera, chifukwa choyambitsa cha mankhwala poyamba chimakhala gawo la chakudya cha nsomba. Kuperewera kwa phosphorous kowoneka bwino kumafanana ndi zotsatira zakusowa kwa nayitrogeni: zomera zachikasu komanso zosasilira za aquarium.
- Potaziyamu ndiye chinthu chachitatu komanso chomaliza chofunafuna chomwe zomera zimamera m'madzi. Chigawochi chimafunikira makamaka m'madzi okhala ndi zowunikira zochepa. Mulingo woyenera ndi khumi mpaka makumi awiri ppm. Komabe, ngati kuli kotheka, kuchuluka kwa zomwe zikubwera kumatha kuwonjezeka.
Kuwerengetsa zomwe zingaphatikizidwe ndi feteleza wamakono wazomera zam'madzi aku aquarium. Ndizosatheka kudalira zotsatira zabwino zobzala kulima popanda ma microelements.
Ndi kudyetsa kotani komwe kumalimbikitsa ku aquarium?
Posankha chosakaniza chodyetsa, muyenera kutsogozedwa ndi malingaliro:
- Zosakaniza zamadzimadzi. Ngati mankhwala achibadwa amasankhidwa, ndi abwino kwa malo okhala m'madzi omwe poyamba alibe kuwala.
- Zosakaniza zamadzimadzi zomwe zimapangidwa pamaziko a maphikidwe amodzi ndipo zimakhala ndi michere yambiri. Maofesiwa ndi abwino kwa malo okhala ndi mitsinje yopepuka komanso zomera zazing'ono. Kuti tipeze zotsatira zabwino, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisunge mlingowo, ndipo malingaliro a Ermolaev ndi opanga ena azikhala osiyana nthawi zonse.
- Ufa wouma amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito popatsa thanzi chakudya. Izi ndizabwino kwa malo okhala ndi zowala kwambiri. Mukasankha ufa wowuma, kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri kungatsimikizidwe poyerekeza ndi zinthu zamadzimadzi. Chofunikira kwambiri ndikutsatira malangizo akudya.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito feteleza molondola?
Kuti feteleza aku aquarium awonetse phindu lalikulu, muyenera kudalira malingaliro ena:
- Potaziyamu yekha ndi amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito asanayambe aquarium. Kupanda kutero, zidzakhala zovuta kuti mbewu zikule.
- Chilengedwe mu aquarium chiyenera kukhala chokhazikika, apo ayi feteleza sadzathandiza.
- Poyamba, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mlingo wochepa. Njira yabwino kwambiri ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu azikhalidwe. Ndikofunika kuyang'anitsitsa momwe maluwawo alili.
- Ngati simukutsatira malangizo ndi miyezo, ndere zimatha kukula mwachangu kwambiri.
- Zotsatira zake zidzawonetsedwa m'masabata atatu - 4 kuyambira pomwe kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kumayamba.
- Ndibwino kuti muwonjezere zinthu m'mawa, zinthu zazikuluzikulu - madzulo.
- Feteleza Chimodzi-chokha chimatha kusakanizidwa ngati mapangidwe ake ali ogwirizana. Kupanda kutero, dothi losasangalatsa lidzawonekera mu aquarium.
Kutsatira malangizowa kumakuthandizani kuti muzidalira kukula kwamitengo yabwino komanso yokongola ya aquarium.
