Chombo china chonyamula akavalo oyera achiarabu chitangodutsa gombe la dera la Indian Marwar, chidasweka. Akavalo asanu ndi awiri adapulumuka ndipo posakhalitsa adagwidwa ndi anthu am'deralo, omwe adayamba kuwadutsa ndi mahatchi achimwenye achimwenye. Chifukwa chake, alendo asanu ndi awiri ochokera mchombo chomira adayala maziko amtundu wapadera marwari…
Umu ndi momwe nthano yakale yaku India imamveka, ngakhale kutengera momwe asayansi akuwonera, mbiri yakomwe idachokera pamtundu wapaderawu ndiyosiyana. Kuyang'ana chithunzi cha marvari, mukumvetsetsa kuti, sizinali zopanda magazi achiarabu pano.
Malinga ndi asayansi, magazi a mitundu ndi mahatchi aku Mongolia ochokera kumayiko oyandikana ndi India: Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan ndi Afghanistan amayenda m'mitsempha ya mahatchi amenewa.
Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala kavalo wa Marwari
Mbiri ya Marwari idayambira ku Middle Ages. Gulu lapadera la Rajputs lidachita nawo kuswana ndikusunga mtunduwu, makamaka banja la a Rathor, omwe amakhala kumadzulo kwa India.
Zotsatira zakusankhidwa kwamphamvu ndi kavalo wankhondo woyenera - wolimba, wosadzichepetsa komanso wachisomo. Hatchi yankhondo yaku Marwari imatha kukhala osamwa kwa nthawi yayitali, kukhala wokhutira ndi masamba ochepa a m'chipululu komanso a Rajasthan otentha, komanso nthawi yomweyo atayenda mtunda wautali kwambiri pamchenga.
Kulongosola kwa mtunduwu kuyenera kuyamba ndikuwunikira kofunikira kwambiri m'mawonekedwe awo - mawonekedwe apadera amakutu, omwe palibe kavalo wina padziko lapansi. Mapindikidwe amkati ndi okhudza nsonga, makutu awa apangitsa mtunduwo kudziwika.
Ndipo ndi zoona Mitundu ya Marvari zovuta kusokoneza ndi wina aliyense. Mahatchi a Marvar amamangidwa bwino: ali ndi miyendo yokongola komanso yayitali, amatchula kufota, khosi lofanana ndi thupi. Mutu wawo ndi waukulu mokwanira, wokhala ndi mbiri yowongoka.
Mbali yapadera ya mtundu wa Marwari ndi makutu, wokutidwa mkati.
Makutu odziwika amatha kutalika kwa 15 cm ndipo amatha kuzungulira 180 °. Kutalika pakufota kwa mtunduwu kumasiyana kutengera komwe adachokera, ndipo ali pamtunda wa 1.42-1.73 m.
Mafupa a kavalo amapangidwa m'njira yoti mafupa amapewa amakhala otsika mpaka kumiyendo kuposa mitundu ina. Izi zimathandiza kuti nyamayo isakodwe mumchenga komanso kuti isafulumire kuyenda paulendo wolimba.
Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kamapewawa, Marwari ali ndiulendo wofewa komanso wosalala, womwe wokwera aliyense angayamikire. Ziboda za Marwari mwachilengedwe ndizolimba komanso zolimba, chifukwa chake simuyenera kuzivala.
Kuyenda modabwitsa, komwe kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa India, ku Rajasthan, kumatchedwa "revaal", kwakhala chinthu china chosiyanitsa mahatchi aku Marwar. Izi zachilengedwe zimakhala bwino kwa wokwera, makamaka m'malo amchipululu.
Kumvetsera bwino, komwe kumasiyanitsa mtunduwu, kunalola kavalo kudziwa pasadakhale za ngozi yomwe ikubwera ndikudziwitsa wokwerapo wake za izi. Ponena za sutiyi, ofala kwambiri ndi ofiira ndi bay marwari. Mahatchi a Piebald ndi imvi ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri. Amwenye ndi anthu okhulupirira malodza, kwa iwo ngakhale utoto wa nyama uli ndi tanthauzo lina.
Chifukwa chake, kavalo wakuda wa Marwari amabweretsa tsoka ndi imfa, ndipo mwini masokosi oyera ndi zolemba pamphumi, m'malo mwake, amadziwika kuti ndiwosangalala. Mahatchi oyera ndiopadera, amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwamwambo wopatulika.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa kavalo wa Marwari
Malinga ndi ma epic akale aku India, kukhala nazo mtundu wamahatchi marvari okhawo apamwamba kwambiri a Kshatriya adaloledwa, anthu wamba amangolota za kavalo wokongola ndikudziyesa atakwera pamahatchi m'malingaliro awo okha. Marvari wakale ankayenda pansi pa chishalo cha ankhondo odziwika komanso olamulira.
Mtunduwo, womwe umaphatikizapo kuthamanga, kupirira, kukongola ndi luntha, wakhala gawo lofunikira lankhondo lachi India. Pali zambiri zodalirika kuti munthawi ya nkhondo ndi a Great Mughals, Amwenyewo adavala zawo Mahatchi a Marwari mitengo yonyenga kuti njovu za gulu lankhondo la adani ziziwalakwitsa kukhala njovu.
Kupatula apo, modabwitsa, chinyengo ichi chidagwira ntchito mopanda chilema: njovu idalola wokwerayo pafupi kwambiri kotero kuti kavalo wake adayimirira pamutu pa njovu, ndipo wankhondo waku India, atagwiritsa ntchito mwayiwo, adamenya wokwerayo ndi mkondo. Panthawiyo, gulu lankhondo la Maharaja linali oposa opembedza onyengawa opitilira 50 zikwi. Pali nthano zambiri zonena za kukhulupirika ndi kulimba mtima kwa akavalo amtunduwu. Marvari adatsalira ndi mbuye wovulalayo pankhondo mpaka omaliza, ndikuwathamangitsa asirikali ankhondo a adaniwo.
Chifukwa cha luntha lawo, nzeru zachilengedwe komanso mawonekedwe abwino, akavalo ankhondo nthawi zonse amapita kwawo, atanyamula wokwera wogonjetsedwa, ngakhale atakhala olumala okha. Indian Marwari mahatchi amaphunzitsidwa mosavuta.
Palibe tchuthi chimodzi chadziko chomwe chatha popanda akavalo ophunzitsidwa bwino. Atavala zovala zokongola zamtundu, amavina ngati kuvina pamaso pa omvera, osangalatsa ndi kusalala ndi kayendedwe kawo. Mtundu uwu udangopangidwira kuvala zovala, ngakhale kuwonjezera pa izi, masiku ano amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamasewera azosewerera komanso pamasewera (polo wokwera pamahatchi).
Chakudya cha Marwari
Mahatchi a Marwar, odyetsedwa pakati pa mapiri amchenga m'chigawo cha India cha Rajasthan, osadzaza ndi zomera, samangokhalira kudya. Kutha kwawo kusadya chakudya kwa masiku angapo kwakula kwazaka zambiri. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuti kavalo amakhala ndi madzi oyera nthawi zonse, ngakhale nyama izi zimalekerera ludzu mwaulemu.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo wa kavalo wa marwari
Simudzapeza marwari kuthengo. Mbadwa za mabanja onga ankhondo m'chigawo cha Rajasthan, kapena m'malo mwa Marwar, akuchita nawo ziweto; kusungidwa kwa mtunduwo kumayang'aniridwa m'boma. M'zaka zaposachedwa, chiwerengero cha Marwari ku India chikuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, yomwe ndi nkhani yabwino. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, akavalo a Marwar amakhala zaka 25-30.
Gulani marvari ku Russia sizophweka kwenikweni, kunena zoona, pafupifupi zosatheka. Ku India, kuli koletsedwa kutumiza kunja kwa mahatchiwa kunja kwa dziko. Kupatula komwe kudachitika mu 2000 kwa American Francesca Kelly, yemwe adakonza bungwe la Indigenous Horse Society of India.
Pali mphekesera pakati pa okwera pamahatchi kuti mahatchi awiri okha a Marwari amakhala m'makola achinsinsi ku Russia, koma momwe adabwerezedwera, komanso momwe zimakhalira zovomerezeka, ndi akavalo okha ndi eni chuma chambiri omwe amadziwa.
Pachithunzicho ndi mwana wa kavalo wa Marvari
Otsatira achi Russia pamahatchi odziwikawa alibe chochita koma kukachezera kwawo monga gawo laulendo wokwera pamahatchi, kapena kugula chifanizo marwari "Breuer" - Kope lenileni la kavalo woyambira ku kampani yotchuka yaku America. Ndipo, zachidziwikire, ndikhulupilira kuti tsiku lina chuma chamoyo cha Rajasthan chidzapezeka ku Russia.
