Makhalidwe ndi malo a nyamazi
Jaguar - nyama yokongola komanso yokongola, nthumwi ya banja la abambo. Amawerengedwa kuti ndi nyama yodya nyama yayikulu kwambiri mdziko la America, ndipo amakhala wachitatu padziko lonse lapansi.
Kutalika kwa thupi lake kumakhala kopitilira mita imodzi ndi theka. Ndipo makamaka amuna akulu amalemera mpaka 158 kg. Akazi ndi ochepa kwambiri, ndipo kulemera kwake kwa anthu ndi pakati pa 70 mpaka 110 kg.
Jaguar ili ndi mchira wautali: kuyambira theka la mita ndi kupitilira apo. Kutalika kwa nyama pakufota kumafikira masentimita 80. Nyamayo ndi ya mtundu wa ophatikirapo. Monga tawonera chithunzi cha nyama, nyamazi amawoneka ngati kambuku, koma wokulirapo.
Ndipo utoto wake umafanana ndi wachibale wake wakudya, koma mawonekedwe a chigaza amafanana ndi kambuku. Ili ndi ubweya wakuda komanso wamfupi komanso makutu ozungulira. Mtunduwo umasiyanasiyana: kuyambira ofiira owala mpaka amchenga, gawo lakumunsi ndi zidendene ndi zoyera, ndipo mawanga amdima amwazikana pathupi lonse.
M'chilengedwe, ndi jaguar wakuda – nyama, zomwe sizikuwoneka kuti zikuyimira mtundu wina, koma ndi zotsatira za chiwonetsero cha melanism.
Jaguar ndi nthumwi yotchuka ya nyama za New World ndipo amakhala ku Central ndi South America. Chifukwa cha kusaka koopsa, nyamazo zinawonongedwa pafupifupi ku Uruguay ndi El Salvador.
Kum'mwera kwa United States, malo okhalawo atsika ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu pazifukwa zomwezi. Jaguar amakhala m'nkhalango zotentha kwambiri, amatha kukhala m'malo am'madambo komanso madera odzaza ndi zitsamba za xerophytic.
Imapezekanso m'mapiri okhala ndi mitengo, koma pamtunda wosaposa ma kilomita awiri, komanso pagombe la nyanja. Asayansi amawerengera mpaka naini zosiyana Mitundu ya jaguar. Chinyama imafunikira chitetezo ndipo akukhulupilira kuti imodzi mwa subspecies yake idathetsedweratu.
Pachithunzicho, ma jaguar akuda komanso owoneka bwino
Khalidwe ndi moyo wa nyamazi
Nyama yamtchire, yokongolayi imakhala m'malo omwe chilengedwe chachilengedwe chimalamulira ndipo pali zosiyanasiyana dziko lanyama. Jaguar amakonda moyo wokhala wekha.
Monga nyama zonse zolusa, zimateteza madera ake kuti asabowoleredwe, omwe ndi ochulukirapo ndipo amatha kukhala m'makilomita angapo mpaka ma kilomita zana limodzi. Kukula kwa ziwembu zanu kumadalira mtundu wa malo, mikhalidwe, kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe chingapezeke pamenepo, komanso kugonana kwa nyama.
Poteteza katundu wawo, nyamayi imakhala yosalekerera ndipo imawonetsa kukwiya kwambiri kwa ma ocelots ndi ma cougars - abale awo ndi oimira banja lachifumu.
Koma amathandizira anthu amtundu wake modekha, ngakhale kuwonetsa mwaubwenzi pakagunda malo osaka. Pakusaka chakudya, nyamazi nthawi zambiri zimasunthika kuchoka kumalo kupita kwina, ndipo pakatha masiku ochepa zimabwereranso kuti zikalondere nyama zomwe zidalipo kale.
Yatsani nyamazi zosaka nyama imayamba ndikayamba kucha, makamaka kotentha dzuwa litangolowa komanso m'mawa. Chilombochi sichitha kuthamanga kwa nthawi yayitali, koma patali pang'ono, ndi ochepa omwe angafanane nacho. Kuthamanga kwa nyamazi pafupifupi 90 km / h.
Pofunafuna nyama yake, imamveka ngati matumbo ngati ma grunts. Ndipo usiku mumamvanso za kumva kwake, kumva mtima, kubangula. Amwenye aku South America amakhulupirira kwambiri kuti nyamayi ili ndi kuthekera kwapadera: imatha kupusitsa anthu omwe akhudzidwa nayo, imatha kutengera mawu a nyama ndi mbalame, kunyengerera ndi kunyenga nyama yake.
Zachidziwikire, izi ndi nthano chabe, koma utoto wowoneka bwino wa nyamayo umalola kuti iphatikize ndi malo ozungulira ndipo, osadziwika, amakopa omenyerawo mumsampha. Nthawi zambiri amatchera nyama yake muudzu wandiweyani. Kapenanso kubisala m'mbali mwa madamu, kudikirira nyama zomwezo kuti zibwere kudzenje lakuthirira.
Poukira, mphaka wakuphayo wamkuluyu amathamangira kuchokera kumbuyo kapena kumbuyo, kugwetsa yemwe wamugwira ndi mphamvu ya thupi lake lothamanga. Kuphulika koteroko kumapha kapena kuvulaza kwambiri. Ndipo ngakhale nyama zazikulu komanso zamphamvu, monga ng'ombe, ikadumpha, imafera pomwepo chifukwa chaphwanya msana.
Nsagwada zake ndi zamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo mano ake ndi akuthwa mwakuti nthawi zambiri amaluma chigaza cha nyama yake. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, nyamazi sizithamangitsa anthuwo zikaona zoopsa nthawi yomweyo n kuthawa.
Komanso, nyamayo imakonda kuwukira anthu, makamaka ngati siipsa mtima. Ndipo milandu yolemba anthu omwe amadya anzawo nthawi zambiri imalumikizidwa ndi kudziteteza. Palinso zitsanzo zodziwika pomwe nyamazi zimathamangitsa munthu chifukwa chongofuna kudziwa. Ngakhale chiweto chili pachiwopsezo chachikulu, ambiri ali ndi chidwi chofuna kusunga nyamazi m'nyumba zazikulu komanso m'malo ena.
Nyama iliyonse, ngakhale yolusa, ndiyosangalatsa chifukwa cha zizolowezi zake, mawonekedwe ake komanso mawonekedwe ake. Koma ndizotheka kusunga nyamayi pokhapokha ngati zikhalidwe zosunga ndi kudyetsa zikuwonetsedwa mosamalitsa.
Ndipo iyenera kupangidwa mu aviary yokhala ndi chitseko chachitsulo chomwe chimatsegulidwa ndi zingwe kuti muteteze nyama. Gulani nyamazi zotheka ku nazale, malo osungira nyama ndi anthu wamba.
Komabe, nkhaniyi ndi yovuta chifukwa chakuti mitundu iyi idatchulidwa mu Red Book ndipo imakhala pakati pazosowa nyama. Mtengo wa Jaguar imatha kufikira makumi masauzande angapo.
Chakudya
Jaguar yanyama monga ozunzidwa, imatha kusankha oimira nyama: tapir ndi ophika buledi, zitha kuwukira ma capybaras ndi ma caimans. Chakudya chake chimatha kukhala nkhandwe ndi anyani, komanso nyama zazing'ono: makoswe, njoka ndi mbalame.
Chilombocho chimayamba kudya kuchokera pamutu wa wophedwayo, pang'onopang'ono mpaka kumbuyo. Kukula kwa nyama ikakulirakulira, ikadzaza, nyamayo imasiya ntchito, nthawi zina imabwerera kukadya zotsalazo, koma osati nthawi zonse, osadya nyama yakufa.
Ngati chinyama chikupezeka m'mphepete mwa nyanja yam'nyanja, ndiye kuti chokoma chomwe amakonda komanso chakudya chapadera chingakhale nyama yamakamba, chipolopolo chomwe chilombocho chimatha kuluma mosavuta. Jaguar imatha kuukira ziweto.
Mosiyana ndi abale ake, oimira banja la mphalapala, nyamayi imasambira bwino, nthawi zambiri ikuthamangitsa omwe akuwakhudzidwawo m'madzi. Ndi msodzi wabwino kwambiri wa nsomba, ndipo amachita izi m'mitsinje ndi mitsinje. Ndikukhazikika pagombe la nyanja, amafufuza ndikukumba mazira akamba mumchenga.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Ma Jaguar alibe nyengo yeniyeni yokwatirana. Pofuna malo azimayi, nthawi zina nyama zimasonkhana m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, zomwe sizachilendo kwa nyamazi zomwe zimakonda kusungulumwa m'malo abwinobwino.
Kujambulidwa ndi kamwana kamnyamata
Pa nthawi yosankha wokwatirana naye, kuthekera kokhala ndi ana omwe amabwera mchaka chachitatu cha moyo, amuna amabangula mokweza komanso mwachidwi. Ngakhale kuti nkhondoyi ndi yankhanza, nthawi zambiri sipamakhala nkhondo pakati pa omenyera nkhondo yaikazi. Ndipo atakwatirana, anzawowo amasiyirana kwamuyaya.
Ndipo pakatha masiku pafupifupi 100, mu khola lake, mayiyo amapatsa moyo ana ang'onoang'ono. Mtundu wawo ndi wakuda kuposa wa makolo awo, ndipo mawanga pakhungu amakhala olimba.
Ana amakhala ndi amayi awo pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mpaka ataphunzira kusaka okha. Ndipo ataphunzira zonse, amasiya kwamuyaya. Ali mu ukapolo, nyamayi imakhala zaka 25, koma mwaufulu, nyama zimamwalira kale.
