Cricket - ngwazi pafupipafupi nthano ana. izo tizilombo, mwina, yekhayo amene samayambitsa chidani akakhazikika panyumba.
Anthu amamchitira mwachisoni komanso mwachidwi, kulira kwake kumawerengedwa kuti ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro zakutonthoza kunyumba ndi mtendere. Ku Japan ndi China, tizilombo timalemekezedwa kwambiri ndipo timasungidwa m'makola ang'onoang'ono mnyumba yawo kuti tizimvetsera nyimbo zake. Ku North America, ndi nyambo yosodza, ndipo ku Asia imadyedwa. Ndiye cricket iyi ndi ndani? Zimapeza kuti mamvekedwe amtunduwu ndipo ndizopindulitsa kapena zovulaza?
Malo okhala Cricket
Crickets ndi mitundu ya Orthoptera yochokera kubanja la cricket. Amapezeka paliponse, koma mitundu ina imapezeka ku Far East ndi North Africa.
Pofika nyengo yozizira, crickets amakonda kubisalira anthu
Europe, North America, South Australia ndi malo okhala tizilombo. Ma subtropics ndi malo otentha, komanso zigawo zakumwera kwa dziko lathu, zakhala nyumba zanyanya. Gulu la tizilombo ta mafupa linawonekera Padziko Lapansi zaka 300 miliyoni zapitazo. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 3,700 ya crickets padziko lapansi. Mitundu 30-40 imakhala ku Russia.
Crickets amakhala panja nthawi yotentha, pafupi ndi nyengo yozizira amayandikira pafupi ndi nyumba za anthu, ndikukhala m'nyumba, m'minda, m'malo otenthetsera. Zinyumba zapakhomo ndizofala kulikonse komwe anthu amakhala. Amakonda kutentha, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala m'nyumba zoseri kwa chitofu.
Ngakhale amabweretsa nkhawa zambiri ndikulira kwawo usiku, anthu nthawi zambiri samachotsa alendo osafunikira, chifukwa ndi zikwangwani zambiri amalonjeza chisangalalo, zabwino zonse, chitetezo kumphamvu zoyipa, kuchira ku matenda, komanso kubereka mwana wathanzi kwa amayi apakati. Chifukwa chake, osunga nyumbazi nthawi zambiri amakhala osasunthika m'makona awo ofunda.
Crickets amakhala omasuka kwambiri munyumba zakale, momwe mumakhala chinyezi chambiri, ziguduli zakale zambiri komanso malo okwanira amoyo. Koma ngakhale pakukonzanso ndikumanganso nyumbayo, tizilombo timatha kukhalabe ndikukhala kale munyumba ina pamwamba pake.
Chachikulu ndikuti mukhale ofunda ndikukhala ndi chakudya chokwanira. Koma nthawi zambiri m'mizinda, amakhala m'malo achinyontho ndi ofunda. Mwachilengedwe, ma crickets amadzikumba okha mozama kuti akwere masentimita 10-30 ndi 1.5-2 cm mulifupi. Usiku, pafupifupi nthawi zonse amakhala pafupi ndi nyumbayo ndikulira. Akapita kukadya kapena kukayendera malowo, ndiye kuti mink imatsegulidwa ndi mtolo wochepa wa udzu.
Makhalidwe a Cricket
Chofunika kwambiri cha tizilombo timeneti ndikumatha kulira. Amuna okha ndi omwe amatha kuchita izi, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito luso lawo pobereka.
Phokoso lodziwika bwino la kanyumba ndi mtundu wina wa "serenade" ya akazi
Choyamba, kanyumba amakopa wamkazi, amalankhula zakukonzekera kwake kusanja. Kenako amayimba serenades ake, iyi ndi nthawi ya chibwenzi. Ndipo mtundu wachitatu wa zikwangwani, amuna amathamangitsa omwe akupikisana nawo.
Phokoso limapangidwa ndikutsuka mano a elytron m'modzi ndi chingwe cholira cha winayo. Elytra imadzuka ndikupanga, ndikunjenjemera kwawo, kusuntha kwakuthwa, komwe ndiko komwe kumamveka.
Mverani mawu a kricket
Kunja, crickets ndi ofanana ndi ziwala, koma zazikulu. Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri yomwe ikukhala mdziko lathu ndi kricket wam'munda, kukula kwa 2-2.6 cm, wakuda wokhala ndi mawanga a lalanje pa ntchafu za elytra ndi lalanje.
Thupi lonselo limakutidwa ndi kansalu kotchedwa chitinous, kamene kamateteza ku zovulala ndikuchepetsa kutaya kwa chinyezi. Pali zinyama zoweta, zakumunda komanso zamitengo, zomwe zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Koma nyimbozi ndizabwino kwa aliyense.
Moyo wa kricket
Crickets onse amafunika kutentha kuti akhale ndi moyo. Nthawi zambiri samakhazikika m'nyumba, chifukwa nthawi yachilimwe-nthawi yophukira samazimitsa kutentha, ndipo kumakhala kuzizira mnyumba ya tizilombo timeneti. Chifukwa chake, amakonda kusankha nyumba m'masitolo, m'malo ofunda, m'malo ophika buledi, zipinda zotentha.
Ndizosatheka kuwona cricket masana, chifukwa zochitika zake zimachitika usiku. Masana, amakhala m'ming'alu ndi malo amdima obisika, ndipo usiku ndi pomwe amatha kuzindikira phokoso.
Pali chikwangwani choti ngati kricket iwonekera kunyumba, izi ndi zabwino
Amuna akuluakulu amalamulira madera awo, amazungulira tsiku lililonse ndikuyang'ana ngati akufuna. Mlendo akafika panjira, ma cricket azimenya mosalephera. Pakulimbana, amayesa kulumana wina ndi mnzake miyendo ndi tinyanga, akumenya ndi mitu yolimba. Wopambana atha kudya yemwe wataya.
Kuwonera chiwonetserochi ndichosangalatsa, chifukwa chake m'maiko ena kumenyananso ndewu za kricket. Pofuna kulimbana ndi tizilombo, adapanga chakudya chapadera, mankhwala achimfine ndikuwapatsa tsiku lachikazi kuti akhalebe ndi malingaliro omenyana.
Zosangalatsa! Kutentha kwa mpweya kumatha kutsimikiziridwa ndi kulira kwa kanyumba. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuwerengera kuti kricket adalankhula kangati masekondi 25, gawani zotsatira zake 3 ndikuwonjezera 4.
Chakudya cha kricket
Chakudya cha cricket chimapangidwa ndi "zinthu" zosiyanasiyana, kutengera komwe amakhala. Mwachilengedwe, amadya chakudya chomera, ndipo ngati amakhala pafupi ndi munthu, amadyera zotsalira za patebulo lake.
Makamaka zamadzimadzi. Kuphatikiza apo, kricket wanyumba amatha kudya nyama zopanda mafupa, mphemvu, minyewa yama cadaveric ndipo amatha kuwerengedwa ngati odya anzawo - akuluakulu amatha kudya zophulika komanso mphutsi zazing'ono.
Nthawi zina crickets amakwezedwa makamaka kunyumba, chifukwa cha nyimbo zawo kapena kudyetsa mitundu ina ya nyama (amphibians, abuluzi ndi zokwawa zina, komanso mbalame). Kenako amapatsidwa zipatso zotsala, ndiwo zamasamba, chakudya cha mphaka, chakudya chouma cha ana, phala la phala, zinyenyeswazi za mkate, timitengo ta chimanga.
Onetsetsani kuti mwapereka chakudya chazomera: masamba a burdock, letesi ndi nsonga zam'munda. Crickets amafunikanso mapuloteni, omwe amatha kuwapeza kuchokera ku gammarus, nsombayi ndi zoyera. Koma muyenera kupereka chakudya chochepa, simungathe kudyetsa tizilombo, apo ayi kutsekemera kwawo kumatha kukhala kotsimphina, ndipo kusungunuka kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.
Kaloti, maapulo, kabichi amapatsidwa grated pa coarse grater, pang'ono ndi pang'ono. Madzi amafunikiranso tizilombo, ndipo ngati mumabereka crickets, ndiye kuti amafunika kupatsidwa madzi. Ndi bwino kuti musamuike womwa mankhwalawo, koma kuyika siponji yothiridwa m'madzi pamenepo. Mmodzi mwa tizilombo tambiri tambiri topezeka ku Zoo ku Moscow, komwe kricket amapangidwira kudyetsa ma ward osiyanasiyana.
Cricket yoswana
Amayi azimayi angapo amakhala mdera la kricket aliyense, yemwe amabwera kwa iye mumtambo, atakopeka ndi nyimbo yake. Kuvina ndi kukwatira kumachitika, pambuyo pake wamkazi amaikira mazira patatha masiku ochepa. Chowombera chawo ndi chachitali; chachikazi chimaboola nthaka nacho kuti chiikire mazira pamenepo.
Kuikira mazira 50-150 pa nyengo. Koma ngati zinthu zili bwino, kutentha kwa mpweya kumakhala pafupifupi 30C, ndiye kuti mkazi amayikira mazira 700. Mazirawo ndi oyera, ofanana ndi mawonekedwe a nthochi. Zinyumba zanyumba zimatha kuikira mazira amodzi nthawi imodzi kapena milu m'malo osiyanasiyana.
Komanso, kutengera kutentha, pakatha milungu 1-12, mphutsi za nymph zimabadwa. Mphutsi izi zidzadutsa magawo 9-11 otukuka. Poyamba, achinyamata amayesetsa kumamatira limodzi, kubisalira adani pansi pamiyala komanso pansi pa nthaka. Pambuyo pa molt wachitatu, crickets amakula ndikukwawa kuzungulira malowa kuti azikumba maenje awo. Nyengo yozizira ikayamba, mink imapangidwa mozama nthawi yozizira.
Nthawi zambiri, kutentha kwapansi sikotsika kuposa + 0Сº, ndipo ngati kutachitika pang'ono, cricket imalowa mu hibernation. Pofika masiku ofunda a Meyi, tizilombo timatuluka panja, molt kotsiriza. Pambuyo pa kusungunuka, zimawoneka zoseketsa, zopanda mapiko oyera osawongoka komanso osawuma. Imago amakhala pafupifupi miyezi 1.5. Mitundu yotentha imakhala miyezi 6-7.
