Pali anthu osaphunzira bwino komanso osowa kwenikweni m'banja la bakha tsekwe zoyera-kutsogolo. Mbalame yayikuluyi sinatchulidwe dzinali chifukwa cha kulira kwake kosangalatsa, kosayerekezeka.
Mwanjira ina, mbalameyi imatchedwanso tsekwe zoyera-kutsogolo, chifukwa ndi chithunzi chenicheni cha tsekwe zoyera-kutsogolo. Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuzisiyanitsa. Kupatula apo, tsekwe wamkulu wamaso oyera amatha kufikira magawo a tsekwe. Kulemera kwamphongo sikupitilira makilogalamu 2.5. Chiwerengero cha mbalamezi chakhala chikuchepa kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa, chifukwa chake, posachedwa Goose Wamng'ono Wamaso Oyera mu Red Book.
Mverani mawu a mbalame yoyera yakutsogolo
Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Wamphongo wamkulu wamphongo Wamphongo Woyera Wamtali Wamtali amakula kutalika masentimita 60-70. Mapiko ake amakhala ndi kutalika kwa mita 1.3. Mbalameyi imalemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 1.5 mpaka 2.5. Mtundu, Goose Woyera Woyera Woyera kwambiri amafanana kwambiri ndi atsekwe wamba wamba wokhala ndi mitundu yambiri yamitambo yakuda. Mbali yapadera ya mbalameyi ndi milomo yake yamdima ndi miyendo yachikasu. Ndizosatheka kusiyanitsa ndi mtundu wa nthengayo tsekwe wamkazi wamaso oyera kuyambira champhongo. Mbali yawo yokhayo yosiyanitsa ndi khosi.
Mwa amuna, ndiwotalika 25-40% kuposa wamkazi. Thupi lakumunsi limakhala ndi nthenga zochepa, ndipo mumakhala zochulukirapo m'derali. Kuyang'ana panja chithunzi cha tsekwe zoyera, itha kusokonezeka ndi mbalame ina - tsekwe zoyera. Ndi ofanana kwambiri. Kusiyana kwawo kumangokhala kukula, mphumi loyera nthawi zambiri limakhala laling'ono.
Ndipo malinga ndi malongosoledwewo, cholembedwacho chimakhala ndi chikasu kuzungulira maso. Komanso, mbalameyi imadziwika ndi malo oyera oyera pamphumi, omwe amafikira kumtunda kwenikweni kwa mbalameyo. Kwa mbalamezi, malo ovomerezeka kwambiri ndi kupumula kwamapiri ndi theka lamapiri. Amakhazikika ndikumanga zisa zawo pamalo pomwe pali mitsinje, nyanja kapena mitsinje yaying'ono.
Goose wocheperako loyera amakhala omasuka ku taiga, nkhalango-tundra ndi malo okhala ndi tchire lalikulu, mdera lamadambo okhala ndi udzu komanso ogontha, malo osafikirika, m'malo amadzi osefukira ndi malo owolokera. Kumpoto kwa Eurasia, kumalire ndi tundra, gawo lochokera ku Kola Peninsula mpaka pagombe la Anadyr, chilumba cha Scandinavia ndiye malo omwe tsekwe amakhala.
Ndi za mbalame zosamuka. Kwa nyengo yozizira, Goose Wamng'ono Woyera wakutsogolo amapita kudera la Nyanja Yakuda ndi Caspian, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Greece, Balkan Peninsula, Azerbaijan ndi China.
Nthawi zambiri amamanga zisa zawo pafupi ndi mosungiramo madzi. Kwa chisa, mbalame zimasankha malo ouma pamapiri ang'onoang'ono ngati mapiri, mapiri ndi mabampu. Nthawi zina chisa chaching'ono chokhala ndi zoyera kutsogolo chimatha kupezeka pamulu wa bango kapena raft. Ndi kabowo kakang'ono kotchingidwa ndi zimiyala za bango kapena pansi.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Mbalame Yoyang'aniridwa ndi White White ndi mbalame yochenjera kwambiri, makamaka ikakhala pagulu. Koma, akazi akamaswana mazira ndikaswa ana, chisamaliro chawo chimazimiririka, ndipo amatha kuvomereza okha patali kwambiri. Mbalame zimauluka mothamanga mokwanira, ngakhale kuchokera kumbali zomwe zimauluka zingawoneke pang'onopang'ono. Mukasamukira kumadera otentha, atsekwe otuwa amathawa kwambiri.
Pakubwera ndege ngati izi, amayenda makamaka pamzere wopota kapena mphete za V. Ali ndi mayendedwe olimba komanso achidaliro padziko lapansi. Kuphatikiza apo, tsekwe zazing'ono zoyera zimathamanga mwachangu komanso mopepuka. Nthawi zambiri amakonda kuima ndi gawo limodzi. Iyi ndi mbalame yophunzirira. Koma m'nyengo yoswana imakonda kusungulumwa ndi imzake komanso zisa zawo mosiyana.
Chakudya
Mbalame zonse zochokera mu Anseriformes zimadya zonse zamasamba ndi nyama. Chifukwa cha chakudya chotere, amatha kukula ndikupezeka.
Goose Wamng'onoting'ono Woyera kwambiri ndi mbalame yapadziko lapansi. Ngakhale amakonda kusambira, ndizovuta kumutcha madzi. Chifukwa chake, imadyetsa makamaka zomwe zimamera pamtunda. Udzu wobiriwira umayenda bwino kukadya masika.
M'nyengo yamasika, sikuti imangokhala yamadzi okhaokha, komanso imadzaza ndi mavitamini ndi michere yonse yomwe ili yofunikira pazinthu zamoyo zonse m'nyengo yozizira yapitayi. Amakonda Goose ndi masamba otsogola Oyera ndi masamba, amachokera ku mitengo yaying'ono. Ngati pali minda yomwe ili ndi mbewu zolimidwa pafupi ndi malo omwe mbalamezi zimakhala, amakhala alendo obwera kumeneko.
Tsekwe zoyera makamaka amakonda monga oats, nyemba ndi tirigu tirigu, horsetail, udzu wa thonje, sedge. M'nyengo yotentha, mbalameyo imadya zipatso zosiyanasiyana. Amakonda mabulosi ambiri. Nthawi yawo yakudya makamaka m'mawa ndi madzulo. Nthawi yonseyi mbalameyi imathera pamadzi.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Ndi chizolowezi kuti tsekwe zamphongo zimapambana zazikazi nthawi yachinyamata. Kupanda kutero, awiriwa mwina sangagwire ntchito. Mabanja awo amapangidwa pokhapokha atasewera masewera okwatirana ndikukondana. Goose mwanjira iliyonse amayesa kukopa chidwi ndi tsekwe yemwe amamukonda, ndipo pokhapokha atapatsidwa chidwi ndiye kuti amamuvomera kuti ukwatiwo ndi womwe umatchedwa ukwati. Awiriwa amadziwika kuti amapangidwa.
Pambuyo pake, banjali pamodzi limayamba kukonza chisa chawo. Pamodzi amamupangira dzenje ndikuliphimba ndi zimayambira, moss ndi nthenga. Mkazi akhoza kuikira mazira kale chisa chomaliza. Pafupifupi, mkazi m'modzi amaikira mazira pafupifupi 6, oyera kapena achikasu.
Izi zimachitika pafupifupi miyezi ya Epulo ndi Julayi. Goose wamkazi wazitsogozo zoyera amachita nawo mazira mosamalitsa. Makulitsidwe akupitilira kwa masiku pafupifupi 28. Pambuyo pake, anapiye amabadwa, omwe chisamaliro chawo chimagwera makolo onse awiri. Amuna ndi akazi akuyesetsa ndi mphamvu zawo zonse kuti asunge famu yamtengo wapataliyi.
Kuphatikiza apo, amaphunzitsa ana awo zonse zomwe amadziwa komanso zomwe angathe kuchita okha. Kukula ndi kukula kwa anapiye ndikokwanira mokwanira. Pakadutsa miyezi itatu amadzilamulira okha, amatha kuwuluka ndikudzipezera chakudya. Pakatha chaka, anapiyewo amakula msinkhu ndipo amatha kukhala ndi ana. Koma samawulukira kutali ndi makolo awo achikulire. Mbalamezi zimayesetsa kukhala pafupi. Kutalika kwa moyo wa tsekwe zoyera-m'chilengedwe pafupifupi zaka 12, ali mu ukapolo amakhala zaka 30.
