Shrimp ndi nkhanu, Omwe akuyimira dongosolo la nsomba zazinkhanira za decapod. Amapezeka m'madzi onse am'nyanja. Kutalika kwa nkhanu wamkulu sikupitilira masentimita 30 ndipo imalemera magalamu 20.
Anthu opitilira 2000 amadziwika ndi sayansi, kuphatikiza omwe amakhala m'madzi oyera. Kukoma kwa nkhanu kudapangitsa kuti zakhala zopangidwa ndi mafakitale. Mchitidwe wolima nkhanu ndi wofala padziko lapansi masiku ano.
Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala nkhanu
Shrimps ndi nyama zokhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera. Makhalidwe a nkhanu ali mu mawonekedwe awo. Nkhanuzi ndi imodzi mwazinyama zomwe sizimatulutsa zipolopolo zawo.
Maliseche ake ndi mtima wake zili kumutu. Palinso ziwalo zoberekera komanso zamikodzo. Monga ambiri nkhanu, nkhanu amapuma kudzera m'mitsempha.
Mitsempha ya nkhonoyi imatetezedwa ndi chipolopolo ndipo ili pafupi ndi miyendo yoyenda. Munjira yabwinobwino, magazi awo ndi abuluu mopepuka, ndikusowa mpweya umasintha.
Shrimp amakhala pafupifupi m'madzi akulu padziko lapansi. Kutalikirana kwawo kumangolekezedwa ndi madzi ovuta a Arctic ndi Antarctic. Amasinthira moyo m'madzi ofunda ndi ozizira, mchere ndi madzi abwino. Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya nkhanu zimapezeka mchigawo cha equator. Kutali ndi equator, kumakhala kocheperako kuchuluka kwa anthu.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa nkhanu
Shirimpi amatenga gawo lofunikira pachilengedwe cha nyanja ndi nyanja. Amatsuka pansi pa malo osungira mabwinja, tizilombo ta m'madzi ndi nsomba. Chakudya chawo chimakhala ndi zomera zowola ndi ma detritus, matope akuda opangidwa ndi kuwola kwa nsomba ndi ndere.
Amakhala ndi moyo wokangalika: amalima malo otsetsereka pansi kufunafuna chakudya, kukwawa pamasamba a zomera, ndikuwachotsa nkhono. Kusuntha kwa nkhanu m'madzi kumaperekedwa ndi kuyenda kwa miyendo ya cephalothorax ndi miyendo yosambira m'mimba, ndipo mayendedwe amchira amawalola kuti abwerere msanga ndikuwopseza adani awo.
Nsomba zam'madzi za Aquarium zimakhala zadongosolo. Amachotsa dziwe lodana ndi ndere zochepa ndikudya zotsalira za "abale" akufa. Nthawi zina amatha kuukira nsomba zodwala kapena zogona. Khalidwe la kudya pakati pa nkhandazi ndizosowa. Nthawi zambiri zimawonekera pokhapokha pamavuto kapena munthawi yayitali ya njala.
Mitundu ya Shrimp
Mitundu yonse ya shrimp yomwe imadziwika ndi sayansi imagawika m'magulu anayi:
- Madzi ofunda;
- Madzi ozizira;
- Madzi amchere;
- Madzi abwino.
Malo okhala nkhanu zamadzi ofunda zimangokhala kunyanja ndi nyanja zakumwera. Iwo samangogwidwa kokha m'malo awo achilengedwe, komanso amalimidwa m'malo opangira. Sayansi imadziwa mitundu yoposa zana ya nkhanu zotentha zamadzi. Zitsanzo za ma molluscs otere ndi akambuku akuda akuda ndi prona woyera.
Kujambula ndi kambuku woyera
Shrimp zamadzi ozizira ndi ma subspecies odziwika kwambiri. Malo awo ndi otakata: amapezeka ku Baltic, Barents, North Seas, pagombe la Greenland ndi Canada.
Liti kufotokoza kwa nkhanu Mwa anthuwa ndiyenera kudziwa kuti kutalika kwawo ndi 10-12 cm, ndipo kulemera kwawo ndi magalamu 5.5-12. Shrimp yamadzi ozizira samangobwereketsa kuberekaku ndipo amangokhala m'malo awo achilengedwe.
Amadyetsa zokha za plankton zachilengedwe, zomwe zimakhudza mtundu wawo. Oimira odziwika kwambiri amtunduwu ndi shrimp ofiira akumpoto, chillim wakumpoto ndi nkhanu zofiira.
Zithunzi za chilim shrimp
Nsombazi, zomwe zimapezeka m'madzi amchere amchere, zimatchedwa mchere. Chifukwa chake, munyanja yofiira ya Atlantic mfumu prawn, woyera wakumpoto, pinki wakumwera, pinki wakumpoto, serrate ndi anthu ena.
Pachithunzicho, nkhanu zotchedwa serrated shrimp
Nsomba zaku Chile zimapezeka pagombe la South America. Madzi a m'nyanja za Black, Baltic ndi Mediterranean ali ndi udzu wambiri komanso mchenga.
Kujambula ndi nkhanu ya udzu
Shrimp zamadzi amchere zimapezeka makamaka m'maiko a Southeast ndi South Asia, Australia, Russia ndi mayiko omwe adachokera ku Soviet. Kutalika kwa anthu otere ndi masentimita 10-15 ndipo amalemera magalamu 11 mpaka 18. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi troglocar shrimp, Palaemon superbus, Macrobachium rosenbergii.
Chakudya cha Shrimp
Maziko chakudya cha nkhanu Akufa ndi zomera zam'madzi ndi zinyalala. M'malo awo okhala achilengedwe, ndi obisala. Nkhanu sizingakane chisangalalo chodya zotsalira za nkhono zakufa kapena nsomba zazing'ono.
Pakati pazomera, amakonda kudya omwe ali ndi masamba okoma ndi okoma, mwachitsanzo, ceratopteris. Pofufuza chakudya, nkhanu zimagwiritsa ntchito ziwalo zakukhudza ndi kununkhiza. Potembenuza tinyanga tawo mbali zosiyanasiyana, imayang'ana mozungulira malowo ndikuyesera kupeza nyama.
Pofunafuna zomera, mitundu ina ya nkhanu zomwe zimakhala kufupi ndi equator zimakumba pansi pa dziwe. Amathamanga mozungulira mpaka atafika pachakudya, kenako, nkukuyandikira patali ndi sentimita, nkuyiwukira mwamphamvu. Anthu akhungu omwe amakhala kumunsi kwa Nyanja Yakuda amadyera pa silt, ndikupera ndi zotupa - nsagwada zopangidwa bwino.
Kwa shrimp zomwe zimalimidwa mu aquarium, zopangidwa mwapadera zophatikizika zimapangidwa, zolimbikitsidwa ndi michere ndi ayodini. Sikoyenera kuwadyetsa ndiwo zamasamba zosachedwa kuwonongeka.
Monga chakudya, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kaloti wophika pang'ono, nkhaka, zukini, masamba a dandelion, clover, yamatcheri, mabokosi, ma walnuts. Phwando lenileni la nkhono ndizotsalira za nsomba zam'madzi kapena anyamata.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa nkhanu
Pakutha msinkhu, nkhono zachikazi zimayamba kupanga mazira omwe amafanana ndi mtundu wachikasu wobiriwira. Mkazi atakhala wokwatiwa, amatulutsa ma pheromones m'madzi - zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi fungo linalake.
Atazindikira kununkhira uku, amuna amayambitsidwa kufunafuna mnzake ndikumupatsa feteleza. Izi zimatenga zosakwana mphindi. Kenako nkhanuyo imakhala ndi caviar. Chizoloŵezi cha mkazi wamkulu ndi chowongolera mazira 20-30. Kukula kwa mluza kwa mphutsi kumatenga masiku 10 mpaka 30, kutengera kutentha kozungulira.
Pakadutsa mphutsi, mphutsi zimadutsa magawo 9-12. Pakadali pano, kusintha kumachitika pakapangidwe kake: pachiyambi nsagwada zimapangidwa, patangopita nthawi pang'ono - cephalothorax. Ambiri mwa mphutsi zoswedwa zimafa chifukwa cha zovuta kapena "ntchito" ya zolusa. Monga lamulo, kukhwima kumafika 5-10% ya ana. Liti kuswana shrimp mpaka 30% ya ana atha kusungidwa mu aquarium.
Mphutsi zimakhala moyo wokhazikika ndipo sizimatha kupeza chakudya, zimadya chakudya chomwe zimapeza. Gawo lomaliza la chitukuko mu molluscs awa amatchedwa decapodite. Munthawi imeneyi, mbozi imakhala ndi moyo wosasiyana ndi nkhanu wamkulu. Pafupipafupi, nkhanu imakhala ndi moyo wa zaka 1.5 mpaka 6.
