Makhalidwe ndi malo a hedgehog
Anapanga hedgehog (kuchokera ku Latin Hemiechinus) ndi imodzi mwazomwe zimayamwa kuchokera kubanja lalikulu la hedgehog. Zolemba za lero zikunena za iye. Ganizirani zizolowezi zake, mawonekedwe ake komanso moyo wake.
Amasiyana ndi nthumwi zina za mabanja awo potulutsa makutu ataliatali omwe adaloza kunsonga. Kutalika kwamakutu, kutengera mtundu, kumafika masentimita atatu mpaka asanu. Mtundu wa ma hedgehogs opindika umakhala ndi mitundu isanu ndi umodzi yokha:
- Black-bellied (kuchokera ku Latin nudiventris);
- Mmwenye (wochokera ku Latin micropus)
- Kutalika kwazitali, mdima wakuda kapena wadazi (hypomelas);
- Kutalika kotalika (kuchokera ku Latin auritus);
- Kolala (kuchokera ku Latin collaris);
- Aitiopiya (ochokera ku Latin aethiopicus).
Magulu ena asayansi amatchulanso mtundu uwu wamtundu ngati wamfupi african eared hedgehogs chifukwa amakhalanso ndi makutu ataliatali, komabe, mgulu lovomerezeka, mtundu uwu umaperekedwa ku mtundu wina - ma hedgehogs aku Africa.
Malo okhala mtunduwu si wokulirapo. Kugawidwa kwawo kumachitika ku Asia, North Africa ndi kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Europe. Mmodzi yekha mwa mitunduyo amakhala m'madera a dziko lathu - iyi ndi hedgehog yotuluka. Ichi ndi nyama yaying'ono kwambiri, kukula kwake kwa thupi sikupitilira masentimita 25-30 ndi kulemera kwapakati pa magalamu 500-600.
Omwe akuyimira (olemetsa kwambiri) amtunduwu ndi ma hedgehogs azitali zazitali - thupi lawo limafikira magalamu 700-900. Kumbuyo kwa mitundu yonse kuli ndi singano zaimvi ndi zofiirira. Palibe singano m'mbali, pamphuno ndi pamimba, ndipo m'malo mwawo, ubweya waubweya wonyezimira umakula.
Mutu ndi waung'ono wokhala ndi mphuno yayitali ndi makutu ataliatali, ofika kupitirira theka la kukula kwa mutu. Pakamwa pakamwa podzaza ndi mano 36 olimba, amphamvu.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa hedgehog
Ma hedgehogs okhala ndi makutu ataliatali amakhala usiku, amakhala otakataka ndikulowa kwa dzuwa komanso kulowa kwa dzuwa. Koma ngakhale zili choncho, alipo ambiri chithunzi cha ma hedgehogs opindika masana. Amakhala ndi kufunafuna chakudya chokha, ndikupanga awiriawiri pokhapokha pakakwatirana.
Kukula kwake, nyamazi ndizolimba ndipo zimayenda mwachangu, zimachoka kwawo kwamakilomita angapo kukafunafuna chakudya. Gawo lomwe msipu wamphongo wamphongo umadya ukhoza kukhala mahekitala asanu, akazi ali ndi gawo laling'ono - ndi mahekitala awiri kapena atatu.
Pakudzuka tsiku lililonse, hedgehog yamakoko imatha kuyenda mtunda wamakilomita 8-10. Ma Hedgehogs amagona ndikupumula m'makumba awo, omwe amadzikumba mpaka mita 1-1.5 kuya, kapena amakhala ndikukonzekeretsa nyumba zomwe zilipo kale zazing'ono zazing'ono, makamaka makoswe.
Ma Hedgehogs omwe amakhala mdera lakumpoto komwe amakhala amapita ku tchuthi nthawi yachisanu ndikudzuka ndikuyamba kwanyengo. Zomwe zili mu eared hedgehog kunyumba sikufuna khama lalikulu.
Nyama izi sizisankha kwambiri ndipo zimakhala bwino kwambiri m'makola. Zakudya zake zimamuthandiza kugula chakudya pafupi ndi malo aliwonse ogulitsa ziweto. Ndendende chifukwa cha izi nyumba yotchinga hedgehog M'nthawi yathu ino, sizipezeka konse, ndipo izi sizingadabwe aliyense.
Lero, mutha kugula hedgehog yamakolo atali pafupifupi pafupifupi msika uliwonse wa mbalame kapena nazale. Ndipo sizikhala zovuta kupeza maluso osunga nyama iyi, chifukwa pa intaneti pali upangiri wambiri wosiyanasiyana.
Ku sitolo yogulitsa ziweto Mtengo wa hedgehog zidzasiyana ma ruble 4000 mpaka 7000. Pafupifupi ndalama zomwezi zimafunikira kuti mugule zowerengera zowasamalira. Mukayika ndalamazi mu chiweto chanu chatsopano, inu ndi okondedwa anu mudzakhala ndi malingaliro abwino.
Zakudya zopangidwa ndi hedgehog
Mitundu yonse ya ma hedgehogs okhala ndi makutu imadya ngati nyama zopanda mafupa, makamaka nyerere ndi kafadala amapita kukadya, komanso mphutsi za tizilombo. Zimadyanso mbewu ndi zipatso. Kawirikawiri, abuluzi ang'onoang'ono ndi makoswe amatha kudya.
Ma Hedgehogs, omwe amabisala m'nyengo yozizira, amapeza mafuta ochulukirapo nthawi yachilimwe, yomwe imadyetsa thupi lawo nthawi yonse yozizira, motero ma hedgehogs amatha nthawi yawo yonse akufunafuna chakudya, ndikupanga nkhokwe zawo zamkati. Mitundu ya madera akumwera amathanso kubisala, zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri ndipo zimalumikizidwa ndi chakudya chochepa m'deralo, mwachitsanzo, nthawi yotentha.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo kwa hedgehog
Kukula msinkhu kwa ma hedgehogs opindika kumachitika kutengera kugonana nthawi zosiyanasiyana - mwa akazi chaka chimodzi chokha cha moyo, mwa amuna, kukula kumachedwa pang'onopang'ono ndipo kutha msinkhu kumachitika zaka ziwiri.
Nthawi yokhwima m'mitundu yambiri imayamba ndikubwera kotentha masika. Kwa anthu okhala kumadera akumpoto mu Marichi-Epulo atadzuka ku tulo, ku oimira akumwera kuli pafupi chilimwe.
Munthawi imeneyi, ma hedgehogs amayamba kutulutsa mtundu wa fungo lonunkhira, lomwe limakopa maanja. Pambuyo pa kukwatira, yamphongo nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi wamkazi kwa masiku angapo, nthawi zambiri imachoka kumadera awo, ndipo yaikazi imayamba kukumba dzenje kuti ibereke ana.
Mimba imatenga, kutengera mitundu, masiku 30-40. Pambuyo pake, ma hedgehogi ang'onoang'ono, ogontha komanso akhungu amabadwa. Pali kuyambira m'modzi mpaka khumi mwa ana. Amabadwa amaliseche, koma pakadutsa maola ochepa singano yoyamba yofewa imawonekera padziko, yomwe m'masabata 2-3 amasintha kukhala olimba.
Pambuyo pa masabata 3-4, ma hedgehogs amayamba kutsegula maso awo. Mbewuyo imadyetsa mkaka wa mayi mpaka masabata a 3-4 amoyo ndipo mtsogolo amasamukira pakufufuza kodziyimira pawokha komanso kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chodula. Pofika miyezi iwiri, ana amakhala ndi moyo wodziyimira pawokha ndipo posakhalitsa amasiya dzenje la amayi awo kuti akadziumbe okha mdera latsopano.
Avereji, ma hedgehogs kunyumba kapena malo osungira nyama amakhala zaka 6-8, m'chilengedwe moyo wawo umakhala wofupikirapo, kuphatikiza chifukwa chazisaka zomwe zilombo zomwe zimakhala mdera lomwelo ndi ma hedgehogs.
Adani akuluakulu a nyamazi ndi mimbulu, mbira, nkhandwe, ndi ena omwe amadya nyama zazing'ono. Mitundu ina ma hedgehogs azitali zazitali amalembedwa mu Red BookMwachitsanzo, mphalapala wopanda zingwe amaonedwa kuti ndi mtundu wina womwe watsala pang'ono kutha.
Mitundu ina ili m'maboma ndi maboma a Red Data Books aku Kazakhstan, Ukraine ndi Bashkiria. Mpaka 1995, mabungwe ku Kazakhstan anali otanganidwa kwambiri ndi kubzala mitundu yosawerengeka ya ma hedgehogs, kuphatikiza makutu, m'malo osungira apadera, koma, mwatsoka, sanapulumuke mpaka lero.
