Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala gyurza
Gyurza - kukula kwakukulu, kutalika ndi mchira wa mita ziwiri, njoka yapoizoni ya banja la Viper. Njoka ya Levant imayitanidwanso mwanjira ina. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa munthu wamkulu kumafika makilogalamu atatu.
Mamembala ambiri amtunduwu ndi olimba kuposa dzanja lamunthu. Njoka ya Gyurza imasiyana pamutu wokulirapo komanso wokulirapo, wa monochromatic kapena wamtundu wa mawanga ndi arcs.
Njoka ya Gyurza
Khosi ndi laling'ono ndipo limadziwika bwino kuchokera kumutu. Maso ndi mwana wake ndi owongoka. Khungu ili ndi mamba, mimba ndi mchira zili ndi minyewa. Mtundu ndi mitundu ndizosiyana kwambiri. Njoka ya Gyurza (monga tawonera chithunzi) imatha kukhala yamtundu umodzi: yofiirira, yofiirira komanso yakuda, nthawi zambiri imakhala yofiirira.
Nthawi zina amatha kuphimbidwa ndi mawanga akuda. Amakhala m'maiko a Asia ndi Africa. Kuchokera kudera lakale la USSR, pomwe mitundu iyi ya zokwawa imadziwika kuti ndiyoyimira yayikulu kwambiri yazinyama, imapezeka Njoka ya Gyurza ku Dagestan, ku North Caucasus, Kazakhstan ndi Azerbaijan.
Ku Russia, ndi mitundu yosawerengeka komanso yowopsa ndipo yatchulidwa pachifukwa ichi mu Red Book. Kukula kwa anthu amtundu uwu wa zokwawa kumachepetsa kwambiri chifukwa cha kuwonongedwa kwawo kochuluka.
Komabe, m'malo otseguka akunyumba kumeneku ndi koopsa komanso koopsa njoka, kuluma kwa gyurza mofanana ndi mphiri waku Asia. Poizoni wake ndiwothandiza kwambiri ndipo ndi mankhwala owopsa a hemolytic, ndipo mamiligalamu 50 ake ndi okwanira kuti akhale owopsa.
Poizoni atalowa m'magazi a munthu, kapangidwe ka maselo ofiira m'magazi amawonongeka. Chaka chilichonse padziko lapansi, mpaka anthu masauzande angapo amakhudzidwa ndi njoka yamtunduwu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuli bwino kudziwa: kodi njoka ya gyurza imawoneka bwanjikupewa ngozi zomwe zingachitike munthawi yake.
Gyurza imakonda kukhazikika m'malo okhala ndi nyengo yowuma ndikukhala m'malo am'chipululu, okhala ndi tchire. Ikupezekanso m'malo omwe amakhala munthu chifukwa cha moyo wake.
Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti njoka zimakhala kunja kwa mizinda ikuluikulu komanso pafupi ndi ngalande zothirira, zokhala m'malo olimidwa. Makamaka, zambiri zimadziwika Kizlyar gyurza – njoka, Anakhazikika pafupi ndi nyumba zogona komanso misasa yakumidzi. Amadziwika ndi mawanga ochepa komanso zovuta zambiri m'mimba.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa njoka ya gyurza
Makhalidwe ndi zizolowezi za gyurza zimadalira, monga nyama zambiri, nyengo. M'nyengo yotentha komanso youma, amasankha kukhala wokangalika usiku, kubisalira dzuwa. Ndipo munthawi zabwino, nthawi yachilimwe kapena yophukira, imakhazikika pamasana.
Zowononga, njoka zimapanga timagulu tating'onoting'ono ta anthu 5-12, obisala m'misasa, yomwe imatha kupezeka m'miyala kapena pansi pamiyala. Koma amatha kukhazikika m'nyengo yozizira komanso paokha. Amathamangira m'chilengedwe ndikuyamba moyo wokangalika pomwe kutentha kwa mpweya watsiku ndi tsiku kumakhala + 10 ° C ndikukwera.
Gyurza wamkazi ndi wamwamuna
Njoka ikhoza kukhala yowopsa osati kokha kwa wapaulendo wosasamala, komanso ku ziweto ndi ziweto. Akamamuwombera, amaponya mwamphamvu kwa mnzakeyo kutalika kwa thupi lake lonse. Ngakhale okola njoka odziwa zambiri amatha kuvutika ndi ukathyali wake komanso nkhanza zake.
Momwe Njoka ya njoka lili hemostatic zinthu, mankhwala amapangidwa kuchokera ku izo. Njoka zambiri zimagwira, kusunga ndi kuswana mtundu uwu wa njoka zapoizoni, kenako ndikugulitsa poizoni wawo pazamankhwala.
Kusunga gyurza m'malo osungira ana, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati materariamu kapena zipinda zapadera zokhala ndi nyengo yochita kupanga komanso kuthekera kowongolera kutentha, komanso kutalika kwa maola masana.
Pali, mosalephera, pali mawonekedwe otenthetsera ndi mpweya wabwino. Omwe amamwa mwapadera amamangidwanso m'malo osungira ana, momwe mumakhala madzi oyera nthawi zonse. M'madera omwe simukukhazikitsidwa munthu m'modzi, zomwe zili mu gyurza ndizabwino kuposa zipinda wamba zomwe zili ndi mafuko ambiri.
Gyurza, monga njoka zonse, amakonda kusangalala ndi dzuwa
Izi zidzakuthandizani kuti muwunikire momwe thupi lilili komanso momwe thanzi la zokwawa zilili komanso kuti muchitepo kanthu moyenera kuti muzindikire zomwe zingachitike. Kumeneko ndikosavuta kuwunika zakudya ndikuthana kwathunthu ndi mikangano pakati pa njoka, komanso zovuta zamakhalidwe awo ankhalwe.
Chakudya cha Gyurza
Malinga ndi malamulo achilengedwe, njoka zonse ndizolusa zanzeru. Njoka ya poizoni ya gyurza amakhala pafupi ndi akasupe ozizira, malo okongola komanso m'mbali mwa magombe omwe amapereka chinyezi potentha, mitsinje komwe amakonda kusambira ndipo, panjira, amasaka mbalame zam'madzi ndi nyama zomwe zabwera kudzamwa.
Njokayo imadyetsa makoswe ang'onoang'ono, pakati pake pali ma rugs, gerbils, pikas, komanso makoswe. Gyurza amatha kudya mpheta, abuluzi ndi njoka zina. Nthawi zambiri njokayo imadikirira nyama yake, ikumangirira pamiyala ina, yowonetsa kuchenjera komanso kudekha mtima, ndikuponya mwamphamvu ndi mphenzi nyama ikafika.
Kufinya wovulalayo mwanjira ina, samamasula mpaka poyizoni atayamba kuchitapo kanthu, pambuyo pake imameza yonse popanda zotsalira. Pokhala ndi njala yabwino kwambiri, gyurza nthawi yomweyo imapitiliza kusaka nyama zatsopano. M'ngululu ndi nthawi yophukira, Gyurza amakonda kusaka nyama m'malo omwe mbalame zosamukasamuka zimagona usiku, ndikuwazikonzera tchire ndi minda yamphesa.
Ndi kovuta kuwona gyurzu pamtengo
Gyurza amadziwa kukwera mitengo mwangwiro, yomwe imamuthandizanso kwambiri posaka. Ana obadwa kumene amtundu wa zokwawa izi amadzipezera okha chakudya ndipo amatha kukhala okhutira ndi tizilombo.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa gyurza
Mtundu wa chokwawa ichi ndi cha oimira oviparous a nyama. Nyengo ya kukwatira ya gyurza imayamba koyambirira kwa Epulo ndipo imatha pakati pa Juni. Ndipo mwezi watha wa chilimwe, mayi gyurza amayikira mazira, kuchuluka kwake kumakhala pakati pa 15 mpaka 30, nthawi zina kumafikira zidutswa 40. Amakutidwa ndi chipolopolo chachikopa chowoneka bwino.
Pambuyo pa masabata 4-7, njoka zazing'ono zimawonekera, zomwe kukula kwake sikupitirira 25-27 cm, ndipo amalemera pang'ono magalamu khumi. Atangobadwa, njoka zimakwawa mosiyanasiyana, ndikuyamba moyo wodziyimira pawokha. Makolo salinso nawo.
M'dzinja, amabisala kwa miyezi 4-5. Kuthekera kodzipangira ana awo njoka kumafika zaka zitatu. Moyo wa gyurza kuthengo ndi wopitilira zaka khumi ndi ziwiri. Ali mu ukapolo, mosamala, zokwawa zamtunduwu nthawi zambiri zimafika zaka 18-20.
