Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Dzinalo losangalatsa ndi imodzi mwa tizilombo tokongola kwambiri - gulugufe bwato podaliry anatengera kwa Podaliry wotchuka, yemwe anali dokotala wazambiri zachi Greek.
Mndandanda wamalo omwe mungapezeko gulugufe ndiwotakata kwambiri, chifukwa chakuti tizilombo timatha kusuntha mtunda wautali kuti tikapeze malo okhala kwakanthawi kokhazikika. Kwenikweni, podaliry amakhala m'madera otentha a ku Ulaya, Turkey, Near ndi Middle East, ndi North Africa.
Agulugufe omwe akusamuka atha kufika ku Britain, Finland ndi kugombe la Scandinavia. Gulugufe amakonda makamaka matsamba ndi nkhalango, step-chipululu ndi phiri. Mapiko apamwamba a agulugufe amadabwa ndi mtundu wawo wosazolowereka - mikwingwirima yakuda yooneka bwino ikuwonekera motsutsana ndi chikasu, chozungulira, kuchuluka kwawo kumafika 7.
Mapiko am'munsi m'munsi mwake amakhala ndi malo ozungulira ofiira-akuda, malire amtambo ngati maulalo, mdima pang'ono kuchokera pakati mpaka m'mphepete, ndi michira yaying'ono (mpaka 1.5 cm), yomwe imathera pamalo owala pansipa.
Zazikazi zamtunduwu ndizazikulu kuposa zamphongo, mapiko a munthu wamkulu amatha kufikira masentimita 9, pomwe kutalika kwa mapiko akutsogolo kumakhala masentimita 4-6. Amuna amakonda kukwera pamwamba pamapiri. Mtundu umatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera ma subspecies.
Chifukwa chake, mtundu wa alpine wa inalpin umakhala wokulirapo, koma mapiko afupiafupi, mikwingwirima yakuda pamapiko apamwamba ndikutambalala, virgatuso subspecies ili ndi mapiko oyera ngati matalala opanda mikwingwirima, asayansi ena amawerenga ngati mtundu wina wodziyimira payokha. Bwato Podaliry Zikufanana kwenikweni ndi sitima yomwe ikuyandama ndi kutuluka, kuyanjana koteroko kumatha kuwoneka poyang'ana gulugufe yemwe wakhala pansi, osati pandege.
Pachithunzichi, gulugufe ndi bwato la podaliry
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti anthu ambiri amawona gulugufe loimira ngati likuyimira mitundu yomwe yafotokozedwayi (ngakhale pali kusiyana kwakukulu). Podalirium ili ndi mtundu wosiyana kwambiri, wankhanza, pomwe mtundu wa swallowtail ndi wofewa kwambiri, wokhala ngati bedi, wosakhwima, komanso swallowtail ilibe masekondi abuluu pamapiko am'munsi.
Pakadali pano podaliry mu Red Book mayiko angapo (Russia, Ukraine, Poland, ndi zina zambiri). Chiwerengero cha omwe akuyimira mitunduyo ndi yayikulu, komabe, ikuchepa mwachangu chifukwa chakuchepa, ndipo m'malo ena, kusowa kwathunthu kwa chakudya chomera, chomwe chimakhala chakudya cha mbozi.
Kuchuluka kwa tizilombo kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mankhwala ndi kuchepetsa madera am'minda, komanso kudula nkhalango zamatchire, kulima malo azomera, kudyetsa ziweto m'nkhalango.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Podalirius - gulugufe, Mibadwo iwiri yomwe imakula mchaka chimodzi. Kumapeto kwa Meyi, m'badwo woyamba (kuchokera pachilonda chachisanu) umatha kuwonedwa, womwe umawuluka mpaka kumapeto kwa Juni; kuyambira koyambirira kwa Julayi mpaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, m'badwo wachiwiri ukuuluka.
Nthawi zambiri, pansi pazabwino, tizilombo tamu m'badwo wachitatu tingawonekere, tomwe timauluka mpaka Seputembara. Sikovuta kusiyanitsa gulugufe woyamba ndi gulugufe la m'badwo wachiwiri - oimira m'badwo woyamba ali ndi mchere wowala wonyezimira wonyezimira kumapeto kwa mapiko akumbuyo.
Izi zimadalira malo omwe akukhalamo. Mwachitsanzo, kumadera akumpoto, kumangobadwa m'badwo umodzi wokha, womwe umapezeka mu Meyi ndikutha mu Julayi. M'mapiri, nthawi yopuma siyimadziwika (gulugufe sakukwera 2 km).
Mutha kupeza gulugufe m'malo okhala ndi mitengo ya shrubby, kumatha kukhala kuyeretsa, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango, zigwa ndi malo otsetsereka, nkhalango, mapiri. Chifukwa chakukonda kwambiri nyama zakutchire, zikuwoneka kuti gulugufe samawoneka kawirikawiri kwa anthu, komabe, podaliry pachithunzichi imagwa nthawi zambiri, chifukwa imakonda kuwuluka kupita m'minda yomwe ikufalikira.
Chakudya
Mboza wa gulugufe wa Podalirii imakonda kudya pa hawthorn, pichesi, blackthorn, apulo, maula, chitumbuwa, phulusa lamapiri ndi mbewu zina. Agulugufe, Komano, amakonda zitsamba zamaluwa, monga lilacs mchaka ndi maambulera inflorescence nthawi yotentha, amakondanso honeysuckle, viburnum, cornflower.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
M'nyengo yokhwima, yamphongo imasamalira yaikazi, ikumayandikira pafupi ndikumakopa kukongola kwamapiko ake akulu owala. Asanayikire mazira, yaikazi imafufuza mosamala fakitale yodyeramo ndi kuikira mazira amodzi m'modzi pansi pa tsamba. Mazira ndi amdima, owoneka obongoka, pamwamba pake pamakhala pabuka, pamalire ndi mphete ziwiri zachikaso, zimatha pafupifupi sabata.
Chimbalangondo choswedwa ndi chobiriwira mopepuka, chowoneka bwino, chimakulitsa kwambiri m'chifuwa, kukula kwake ndi masentimita 2-3.5. Tizilombo timadyetsa chomeracho pomwe chinawonekera, komabe, pang'onopang'ono ana onse amakwawa patali pofunafuna malo ophunzira.
Amadya tizilombo usiku kapena m'mawa kwambiri. Pa nthawi yonse ya moyo, mbozi imadutsa ma instars asanu, 4 yoyambira yoyamba imakhala pafupifupi masiku atatu, kenako yayitali 5th (masiku 10), kenako imasandulika pupa.
Pachithunzicho pali mbozi ya gulugufe
Mbozi imadzibisalira yokha, kenako imadziphatika nthawi yopuma. Nthawi zowopsa, tizilombo "timatuluka" kuchokera kumtunda wakumtunda komwe kumakhala kumbuyo kwa mutu, tiziwalo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tolalanje, kununkhira komwe glands imatulutsa kuwononga adani.
Nthawi yophunzirira ikayandikira, mbozi imakhala yopepuka. Nthawi zambiri, kuti zisanduke pupa, mbozi imasankha tchire lolimba, lomwe silitali kwambiri pansi, ndipo Podalirii pupa amathanso kupezeka m'ming'alu ya mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo.
Mtundu wobiriwira wokhala ndi mikwingwirima iwiri yofananira kumbuyo, komwe kuli mawanga achikasu, mimba ndiyopepuka. Gawo la pupa la chilimwe limatenga masiku 11, kenako m'badwo wachiwiri wa tizilombo umawonekera. Pokhala ngati pupa wachisanu, tizilombo timakhala mpaka masika otsatira.
